Impact of Asian Bullfrog (Rana tigerina) Skin Oil on Growth Inhibition of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (in vitro) and Its Prediction Modeling

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Passakorn Kingwascharapong ◽  
Supatra Karnjanapratum ◽  
Fumina Tanaka ◽  
Fumihiko Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Prediction Modeling ◽  
Rana Tigerina

scholarly journals In vitro screening of fungicides and tannins against fungal pathogens of jujube fruits

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
MZ Hoque ◽  
AM Akanda ◽  
MIH Miah ◽  
MKA Bhuiyan ◽  
MG Miah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Plain Water ◽  
Curvularia Lunata ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Fusarium Semitectum ◽  
Poison Food Technique

The aim of this study to identify the effective fungicides for controlling major leaf and fruit diseases of Jujube caused by different fungal pathogens. An in vitro experiment was undertaken to screen ten fungicides and two Tannins against six important fungal pathogens of Jujube fruits which were Alternaria alternata, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Curvularia lunata, Lasiodiplodia theobromae, Fusarium semitectum and Pestalotiopsis palmarum. Fungicides were Conza 5 EC (Hexaconazole), Folicur 250 EC (Tebuconazole) and Potent 250 EC (Propiconazole), Bavistin DF (Carbendazim), Kasumin 2% liquid (Kasugamycin), Rovral 50 WP (Iprodine), Matco 72 WP (Mancozeb 64% + Metalaxyl 8%), Geneb 80 WP (Mancozeb), Emivit 50 WP (Copper oxychloride) and Evavit 80 WG (Sulphur 80 WG). And two tannins were Chestnut Tannin and Quabracho Tannin. Plain water was used as control. Poison food technique was followed to conduct the experiment. Both Tannins did not show satisfactory inhibition of mycelial growth of any of the six fungal pathogens. The effectiveness of fungicides varied greatly with fungal species. The most effective fungicides were Folicur 250 EC followed by Potent 250 EC, Rovral 50 WP, Conza 5 WP and Bavistin DF. Folicur 250 EC caused 89.52% inhibition of mycelium growth of A. alternata and 100% growth inhibition in other five fungi. In addition, Potent 250 EC inhibited growth of L. theobromae, C. lunata, F. semitectum and P. palmarum by 100% and that of C. gloeosporioides by 91.79%. Complete growth inhibition of F. semitectum and P. palmarum was achieved with Bavistin DF. Furthermore, Conza 5 EC caused 100% growth inhibition in C. lunata and more than 90% in L. theobromae and F. semitectum.Progressive Agriculture 27 (2): 154-161, 2016

scholarly journals Selecting Antagonistic Yeast for Postharvest Biocontrol of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in Papaya Fruit and Possible Mechanisms Involved

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 760
Author(s):  
Hamizah Hassan ◽  
Mahmud Tengku Muda Mohamed ◽  
Siti Fairuz Yusoff ◽  
Erneeza Mohd Hata ◽  
Nor Elliza Tajidin
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Anthracnose Disease ◽  
Yeast Strains ◽  
Biocontrol Activity ◽  
Antagonistic Yeast

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides causes anthracnose disease in papaya fruit resulting in tremendous economic loss due to its latent infection. This study aimed to evaluate the biocontrol activity of antagonistic yeasts against C. gloeosporioides in papaya and determine the possible mechanism involved. One hundred and ten yeast strains were isolated from different parts of the papaya plant. Among them, only five strains, namely F001, F006, L003, FL013 and LP010, showed more than 55% radial growth inhibition of C. gloeosporioides. These five potent yeast strains were further evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The results indicated that strain F001 had the strongest biocontrol activity based on spore germination and fungal growth inhibition. In vivo, the strain F001 caused 66.7% and 25% reductions in disease incidence and severity, respectively. Based on molecular identification, the strain F001 was confirmed as Trichosporon asahii. Despite there was no significant induction of defense enzyme activities found on the treated fruits, SEM observation showed direct attachment of T. asahii with the fungal hyphae and interfere in their establishment to the fruit surface. Based on these findings, the antagonistic yeast T. asahii strain F001 may be used as a potential natural biological control agent against anthracnose disease in papaya fruit.

scholarly journals In vitro evaluation of antibiotic performances on Trichoderma harzianum and some crop infecting fungi

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Moshiur Rahman Akonda ◽  
Raihan Mujib Himel ◽  
Mohammad Ali ◽  
Md. Syeful Islam
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Tea Plantation ◽  
Vitro Experiment ◽  
In Vitro Experiment ◽  
Three Samples

An in vitro experiment was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of antibiotics at different concentrations on growth and development of Trichoderma harzianum, Phytophthora infestans, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Corticium theae and Fusarium oxysporum found in tea plantation. Three samples viz. sample-1 (Validamycin 60% w/w) @ 45, 60 and 75 ppm, sample-2 (Hexaconazole 2.5% w/w+Validamycin 8.5% w/w) @ 55, 82.5 and 110 ppm and sample-3 (Streptomycin 9% w/w+Tetracyclin hydrochloride 1% w/w) @ 50, 75 and 100 ppm were tested. The result showed that Antibiotics have inhibitory effects on T. harzianum. Unsatisfactory performances in terms of per cent growth inhibition (<80) were recorded on crop infecting fungi. C. theae treated with sample-1 @ 75 ppm and C. gloeosporioides with sample-2 @ 110 ppm had shown maximum 25.50 and 54.19 per cent growth inhibition, respectively. The highest 70.53 per cent growth inhibition of C. theae was observed in sample-3 treated @ 100 ppm. Considering the findings it can be recommended not to use above antibiotics with their respective concentrations in plant agriculture for controlling diseases caused by the said fungi.

Management of collar rot disease in chickpea by Trichoderma species

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
PREM PANDEY ◽  
G. C. SAGAR ◽  
SUNDARMAN SHRESTHA2 ◽  
HIRAKAJI MANANDHAR ◽  
RITESH K. YADAV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Pot Experiment ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Trichoderma Species ◽  
Collar Rot ◽  
Rot Disease

Nine isolates of Trichoderma spp. were isolated from different agro- ecological regions of Nepal viz; Jumla, Palpa, Chitwan, Tarahara, Banke, Illam and Salyan and screened against Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. Adreded soil borne phytopathogen causing collar rot of chickpea in chickpea; In-vitro efficacy of nine fungal antagonist (Trichoderma spp.) against Sclerotium rolfsii were screened. Pot experiment was done to find out the effective management of S. rolfsi through Tricoderma using different methods i.e. Seed treatment, soil drenching and soil application. All the tested isolates of Trichoderma spp. were found effective on mycelial growth inhibition and sclerotial parasitization of S. rolfsii. Trichoderma isolated from Palpa district showed maximum growth inhibition (%) of pathogen periodically after 48(93.78%), 72(96.00%), 96(97.96%) and 120(100.00%) hours of inoculation. Parasitized sclerotium showed minimum sclerotial germination on agar plates. Moreover, Trichoderma species isolated from Palpa districts showed second best percent mycelial growth inhibition periodically at 72(25.00%), 120(29.16%), 168(29.16%) and 216(29.16%).In pot experiment at 40 days after sowing, Seedling height was maximum in soil drenching with 30g per 100ml of water (22.27cm) and Mortality percentage of seedlings was least or highest disease control was observed in seed treated with 109cfu/ml (0.000%).

scholarly journals Stage-dependent effect of deferoxamine on growth of Plasmodium falciparum in vitro

Blood ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 1250-1255 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Whitehead ◽  
TE Peto
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Clinical Malaria ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Parasite Development ◽  
And Control ◽  
Speed Of Onset

Abstract Deferoxamine (DF) has antimalarial activity that can be demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. This study is designed to examine the speed of onset and stage dependency of growth inhibition by DF and to determine whether its antimalarial activity is cytostatic or cytocidal. Growth inhibition was assessed by suppression of hypoxanthine incorporation and differences in morphologic appearance between treated and control parasites. Using synchronized in vitro cultures of Plasmodium falciparum, growth inhibition by DF was detected within a single parasite cycle. Ring and nonpigmented trophozoite stages were sensitive to the inhibitory effect of DF but cytostatic antimalarial activity was suggested by evidence of parasite recovery in later cycles. However, profound growth inhibition, with no evidence of subsequent recovery, occurred when pigmented trophozoites and early schizonts were exposed to DF. At this stage in parasite development, the activity of DF was cytocidal and furthermore, the critical period of exposure may be as short as 6 hours. These observations suggest that iron chelators may have a role in the treatment of clinical malaria.

scholarly journals Regeneration linked miRNA modify tumor phenotype and can enforce multi-lineage growth arrest in vivo

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siamak Salehi ◽  
Oliver D. Tavabie ◽  
Augusto Villanueva ◽  
Julie Watson ◽  
David Darling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Tumor Aggressiveness ◽  
Novel Treatment ◽  
Tumor Phenotype ◽  
Aggressive Tumor ◽  
In Vivo Growth ◽  
Regulation Of Regeneration

AbstractRegulated cell proliferation is an effector mechanism of regeneration, whilst dysregulated cell proliferation is a feature of cancer. We have previously identified microRNA (miRNA) that regulate successful and failed human liver regeneration. We hypothesized that these regulators may directly modify tumor behavior. Here we show that inhibition of miRNAs -503 and -23a, alone or in combination, enhances tumor proliferation in hepatocyte and non-hepatocyte derived cancers in vitro, driving more aggressive tumor behavior in vivo. Inhibition of miRNA-152 caused induction of DNMT1, site-specific methylation with associated changes in gene expression and in vitro and in vivo growth inhibition. Enforced changes in expression of two miRNA recapitulating changes observed in failed regeneration led to complete growth inhibition of multi-lineage cancers in vivo. Our results indicate that regulation of regeneration and tumor aggressiveness are concordant and that miRNA-based inhibitors of regeneration may constitute a novel treatment strategy for human cancers.

scholarly journals Chemical and biological control of Fusarium species involved in garlic dry rot at early crop stages

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letizia Mondani ◽  
Giorgio Chiusa ◽  
Paola Battilani
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Dry Rot ◽  
Great Capacity ◽  
Chemical Products

AbstractThe aim of the study was to test in vitro and in vivo the efficacy of triazoles and biocontrol agents (BCAs) against Fusarium proliferatum and F. oxysporum, the former signaled as the main causal agent of garlic dry rot and the latter also involved. In vitro trials were organized using potato dextrose agar with added chemicals or BCAs inoculated with selected F. proliferatum and F. oxysporum. Garlic cloves were dipped before sowing in suspensions prepared with the fungicides showing the best performances in vitro; then they were dipped in Fusaria suspension before sowing. In in vitro trials, the maximum Fusaria growth inhibition was performed by Propiconazole + Prochloraz (100%), followed by Tebuconazole (88.9%). BCAs showed great capacity to control Fusaria, with a maximum growth inhibition of 80% (Trichoderma harzianum + T. gamsii). In vivo bacterial BCAs showed a similar capacity to control F. proliferatum and F. oxysporum compared to chemical products (mean of severity index 18.6% and 11.7%, respectively). In vivo results confirmed the in vitro performances, except for Trichoderma, which had the worst performances in vivo. Therefore, the results are preliminary but promising for future field application.

scholarly journals Extraction and Fractionation Effects on Antiplasmodial Activity and Phytochemical Composition of Palicourea hoffmannseggiana

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (01) ◽  
pp. e34-e42
Author(s):  
Leticia Hiromi Ohashi ◽  
Douglas Costa Gontijo ◽  
Maria Fernanda Alves do Nascimento ◽  
Luciano Ferreira Margalho ◽  
Geraldo Célio Brandão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Indole Alkaloid ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Parasite Growth ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Leaf Powder

AbstractThe present study on Palicourea hoffmannseggiana, which was collected at Marapanim, state of Pará, Brazil, comprises the preparation of different stem and leaf extracts and fractions. Ethanol, hydroethanol, and water extracts were prepared by several methods and evaluated for in vitro activity against resistant Plasmodium falciparum (W2 strain), disclosing a low parasite growth inhibition effect (< 50%). Dereplication by UPLC-DAD-ESI−MS of the leaf ethanol extract showed the presence of two known alkaloids, lyalosidic and strictosidinic acids, along with a sinapoyl ester of lyalosidic acid, with m/z 719.33 [M+H]+, which is possibly a new monoterpene indole alkaloid representative. Sequential liquid-liquid acid-base alkaloid separations from the leaf ethanol extract as well as directly from leaf powder afforded fractions of increased parasite growth inhibition, reaching up to 92.5±0.7%. The most bioactive fractions were shown to contain the β-carboline alkaloids harmane and 4-methyl-β-carboline, along with N-methyl-tryptamine and N-acetyl-tryptamine, while monoterpene indole alkaloids were detected in inactive fractions of these processes. The present results demonstrate that these preliminary fractionation methods can lead to significantly active fractions supporting an adequate scale-up to carrying out the isolation of anti-plasmodial compounds.

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