scholarly journals Hydrology of the North Fork of the Right Fork of Miller Creek, Carbon County, Utah, before, during, and after underground coal mining

1995 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Underground Coal Mining ◽  
The North ◽  
North Fork ◽  
The Right

scholarly journals Risk factors for structural and functional changes of the heart in coal industry workers

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (7) ◽  
pp. 688-692
Author(s):  
Olga Yu. Korotenko ◽  
Egor S. Filimonov ◽  
Nikolay I. Panev
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
External Respiration ◽  
Underground Coal Mining ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Common Risk Factors ◽  
The Right ◽  
Open Coal

Introduction. Working conditions at workplaces of coal industry enterprises are characterized by harmful factors exceeding the maximum permissible levels. These include coal-rock dust, noise, vibration, sudden temperature changes, etc. Conversely, unfavourable working conditions increase the risk of developing not only occupational but also work-related diseases. The objective of the study was to study the influence of industrial and common risk factors for cardiovascular diseases on structural and functional changes in the heart in coal industry workers. Material and methods. The study included 130 workers in coal mines in the South of Kuzbass and 78 workers in open coal pits, ranging from 40 to 55 years. The exclusion criteria from the study were the presence of any somatic pathology that could lead to structural and functional changes in the heart. In addition, all subjects underwent echocardiography to determine the structural and functional indices of the heart. Results. Lower values of ejection fraction and longitudinal deformation of the left ventricle were found among the workers in underground coal mining. At the same time, a decrease in the latter was revealed in 19.3% of the miners versus 7.6% of the workers in open coal pits (p=0.025). There was no association between reducing left ventricular longitudinal deformation and common risk factors in coal mine workers, in contrast, to open coal pit workers. The initial manifestations of diastolic dysfunction of the right ventricle in the group of workers of underground coal mining were revealed, which in the correlation analysis had a relationship with the indices of external respiration function. Conclusion. The decrease in the global longitudinal left ventricular myocardial deformation among miners is not associated with the studied common cardiovascular risk factors. Still, it is related to the influence of a complex of unfavourable production factors. Reduced indices of external respiration function affect the initial manifestations of diastolic dysfunction of the right ventricle in the workers of underground coal mining.

scholarly journals 3D modelling of coal seams for optimization of extraction

2021 ◽  
Vol 342 ◽  
pp. 02008
Author(s):  
Ábel Dániel Antonovits ◽  
József Molnár
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Underground Coal Mining ◽  
Coal Seams ◽  
The North ◽  
Comprehensive Knowledge ◽  
North Eastern

Underground coal mining was finished in the north-eastern region of Hungary after its operation of more than two centuries, as a result of economic, technical, environmental and political reasons. A fairly significant part of the reserve is still available to extract. With a different perspective of coal mining, considering different ways of utilization (such as coal chemistry, etc.) the extraction of the material can still be cost effective. In the past few years, several studies were conducted regarding the possible utilization of the available reserve. The properties of the coal are highly mutable, therefore, comprehensive knowledge about the geology is indispensable. Two and three-dimensional modelling of the coal seam is discussed in this paper, with the optimal coal face height, and the expected quality of mining products taken into consideration. Applying the method presented, the production can fulfil the desired properties, regarding to the utilization of the coal.

Waterbird Communities in Subsidence Wetlands Created by Underground Coal Mining in China: Effects of Multi-Scale Environmental and Anthropogenic Variables

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunlin Li ◽  
Sen Yang ◽  
Daode Zha ◽  
Yong Zhang ◽  
Willem F. de Boer
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Variance Partitioning ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Underground Coal Mining ◽  
Bird Abundance ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
The North ◽  
Waterbird Species ◽  
Management Plans

SummaryUnderground coal mining in the North China Plain has created large-scale subsidence wetlands that may attract waterbirds that use them as complementary habitats. However, no study has been conducted to understand avian use of these created wetlands, inhibiting the formulation of effective management plans. Here, we carried out 12 semi-monthly surveys in 55 subsidence wetlands during the 2016–2017 migration and wintering period and performed direct multivariate analyses, combined with variance partitioning, to test the effects of multi-scale habitat variables on the waterbird assemblages. A total of 89 349 waterbirds representing 60 species were recorded, with seasonal fluctuations in species richness and bird abundance. Waterbird community structures were shaped by four groups of variables at local, landscape and human levels with different effects among seasons. Anthropogenic disturbance was the most important factor group, negatively affecting most guilds. Waterbirds in this human-dominated environment are under a variety of potential threats that should be further studied. The subsidence wetlands are still expanding, and if managed effectively, may provide important complementary habitats for a wide array of waterbird species, particularly for those migrating along the East Asian–Australasian Flyway. Our study provides key baseline data regarding the waterbird communities and may help with the designing of effective management and conservation plans.

Investor-State Dispute Settlement under NAFTA Chapter 11: The Shape of Things to Come?

1998 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 263-290
Author(s):  
J. Anthony VanDuzer
Keyword(s):  
Free Trade Agreement ◽  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
Minimum Standards ◽  
The North ◽  
State Behaviour ◽  
Nafta Chapter 11 ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Right

SummaryRecently, there has been a proliferation of international agreements imposing minimum standards on states in respect of their treatment of foreign investors and allowing investors to initiate dispute settlement proceedings where a state violates these standards. Of greatest significance to Canada is Chapter 11 of the North American Free Trade Agreement, which provides both standards for state behaviour and the right to initiate binding arbitration. Since 1996, four cases have been brought under Chapter 11. This note describes the Chapter 11 process and suggests some of the issues that may arise as it is increasingly resorted to by investors.

Why Has There Been No People’s Power Rebellion in North Korea?

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-34
Author(s):  
Andrew Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
North Korea ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
Information Control ◽  
Al Jazeera ◽  
The North ◽  
New Information ◽  
Effective System ◽  
The Right

One scenario put forward by researchers, political commentators and journalists for the collapse of North Korea has been a People’s Power (or popular) rebellion. This paper analyses why no popular rebellion has occurred in the DPRK under Kim Jong Un. It challenges the assumption that popular rebellion would happen because of widespread anger caused by a greater awareness of superior economic conditions outside the DPRK. Using Jack Goldstone’s theoretical expla-nations for the outbreak of popular rebellion, and comparisons with the 1989 Romanian and 2010–11 Tunisian transitions, this paper argues that marketi-zation has led to a loosening of state ideological control and to an influx of infor-mation about conditions in the outside world. However, unlike the Tunisian transitions—in which a new information context shaped by social media, the Al-Jazeera network and an experience of protest helped create a sense of pan-Arab solidarity amongst Tunisians resisting their government—there has been no similar ideology unifying North Koreans against their regime. There is evidence of discontent in market unrest in the DPRK, although protests between 2011 and the present have mostly been in defense of the right of people to support themselves through private trade. North Koreans believe this right has been guaranteed, or at least tacitly condoned, by the Kim Jong Un government. There has not been any large-scale explosion of popular anger because the state has not attempted to crush market activities outright under Kim Jong Un. There are other reasons why no popular rebellion has occurred in the North. Unlike Tunisia, the DPRK lacks a dissident political elite capable of leading an opposition movement, and unlike Romania, the DPRK authorities have shown some flexibility in their anti-dissent strategies, taking a more tolerant approach to protests against economic issues. Reduced levels of violence during periods of unrest and an effective system of information control may have helped restrict the expansion of unrest beyond rural areas.

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