scholarly journals Sediment transport by irrigation return flows in four small drains within the DID-18 drainage of the Sulphur Creek basin, Yakima County, Washington, April 1979 to October 1981

1984 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Return Flows ◽  
Irrigation Return Flows

Estimating groundwater-river connectivity factor for quantifying changes in irrigation return flows in the Murray–Darling Basin

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-138
Author(s):  
Glen Walker ◽  
Quan J. Wang ◽  
Avril C. Horne ◽  
Rick Evans ◽  
Stuart Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Murray Darling Basin ◽  
Return Flows ◽  
Irrigation Return Flows

Sediment and Nutrient Reduction in Irrigation Return Flows by Vegetated Filter Strips on Surface Irrigated Fields

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian William Bodah ◽  
Jeffrey L Ullman ◽  
Rafael Muñoz-Carpena ◽  
Gregory A Kiker ◽  
Oscar Perez-Ovilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Reduction ◽  
Filter Strips ◽  
Vegetated Filter Strips ◽  
Return Flows ◽  
Irrigation Return Flows

Potential for Controlling Quality of Irrigation Return Flows

1972 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Law ◽  
Gaylord V. Skogerboe
Keyword(s):  
Return Flows ◽  
Irrigation Return Flows

Characterizing humic substances from a large-scale lake with irrigation return flows using 3DEEM-PARAFAC with CART and 2D-COS

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 3514-3523
Author(s):  
Xiu Han ◽  
Huibin Yu ◽  
Yonghui Song ◽  
Yingying Chen ◽  
Chongwei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Humic Substances ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Return Flows ◽  
Irrigation Return Flows

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli and Enterococcal Isolates From Irrigation Return Flows in a High-Desert Watershed

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert S. Dungan ◽  
David L. Bjorneberg
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
E Coli ◽  
South Central ◽  
Drug Classes ◽  
Return Flows ◽  
Irrigation Return Flows

Irrigation return flows (IRFs) collect surface runoff and subsurface drainage, causing them to have elevated contaminant and bacterial levels, and making them a potential source of pollutants. The purpose of this study was to determine antimicrobial susceptibility among Escherichia coli and enterococcal isolates that were collected from IRFs in a south-central Idaho watershed. Environmental isolates can be a potentially important source of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and IRFs may be one way resistance genes are transported out of agroecosystems. Water samples were collected from nine IRFs and one background site (canal water from Snake River) on a biweekly basis during 2018. Escherichia coli and enterococci were enumerated via a most probable number (MPN) technique, then subsamples were plated on selective media to obtain isolates. Isolates of E. coli (187) or enterococci (185) were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using Sensititre broth microdilution plates. For E. coli, 13% (25/187) of isolates were resistant to tetracycline, with fewer numbers being resistant to 13 other antimicrobials, with none resistant to gentamicin. While 75% (141/187) of the E. coli isolates were pan-susceptible, 12 multidrug resistance (MDR) patterns with 17 isolates exhibiting resistance to up to seven drug classes (10 antimicrobials). For the enterococcal species, only 9% (16/185) of isolates were pan-susceptible and the single highest resistance was to lincomycin (138/185; 75%) followed by nitrofurantoin (56/185; 30%) and quinupristin/dalfopristin (34/185; 18%). In addition, 13 enterococcal isolates belonging to Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus casseliflavus, and Enterococcus thailandicus, were determined to be MDR to up to six different antimicrobial drug classes. None of the enterococcal isolates were resistant to gentamycin, linezolid, tigecycline, and vancomycin.

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