Water resources data for Minnesota, water year 1970, Part 1. Surface water records and Part 2. Water quality records

In this study, based on the water function zoning and the related analyses on the current situations and tendency of the pollutions on water environments in Sichuan province, concluded that the primary cause responsible for the deterioration of water resources is the discharge of agriculture wastewater, and the strengthening of agricultural production management as well as the reduction of the agricultural wastewater discharge are the key points to alleviate the water-quality deterioration.

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Impact of Land Use on Karst Water Resources—A Case Study of the Kupa (Kolpa) Transboundary River Catchment

Water ◽

10.3390/w12113226 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (11) ◽

pp. 3226

Author(s):

Ana Selak ◽

Ivana Boljat ◽

Jasmina Lukač Reberski ◽

Josip Terzić ◽

Barbara Čenčur Curk

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Land Use ◽

Surface Water ◽

Water Resources ◽

Transport Infrastructure ◽

Karst Water ◽

Quality Indices ◽

Water Quality Indices ◽

Surface Water And Groundwater ◽

Hazard Levels

This paper presents a qualitative approach for assessing land-use pressures on the water resources of a transboundary Dinaric karst catchment of the Kupa River in Southeast Europe. Spatial analyses of the water quality indices for surface water and groundwater were carried out in a GIS environment, as well as a detailed assessment of man-made hazards based on recommendations of COST Action 620. The produced maps provide an insight into the qualitative status of water resources at a regional scale by indicating areas of potential negative impacts of land use through the identification of point and diffuse sources of pollution. Higher values of the water quality indices for surface water and groundwater are observed in lowland areas, karst plateaus and poljes, where the impacts of anthropogenic activities such as agriculture and quarries take place on karstified permeable carbonate rocks. Hazard assessment showed how transport infrastructure induces a low hazard level. Settlement areas without proper sewerage systems impose moderate hazard levels, while direct wastewater discharges into groundwater and waste illegally disposed in karst swallow holes and caves located near settlements were classified as having high hazard levels. The applied methods proved to be suitable even in challenging karst environments where the complex properties and structure make the exploration and monitoring of groundwater resources difficult and scarce.

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The Storage and Water Quality Characteristics of Rungiri Quarry Reservoir in Kiambu, Kenya, as a Potential Source of Urban Water

Hydrology ◽

10.3390/hydrology6040093 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 93 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Winfred Kilonzo ◽

Patrick Home ◽

Joseph Sang ◽

Beatrice Kakoi

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Drinking Water ◽

Surface Water ◽

Water Resources ◽

Water Supply ◽

Storage Capacity ◽

World Health ◽

Urban Water ◽

Water Quality Status ◽

Quality Status

Urbanization has caused limitations on water resources, while climate change has reduced amounts of surface water in some parts of the world. Kikuyu, a suburban area in Kiambu county, Kenya, is facing this challenge. The major challenge in the study is scarcity of potable water, resulting in inadequate water supply to Kikuyu residents. Currently, only 63.6% of the population is being supplied with water by Kikuyu Water Company, the company mandated to supply water to the area. Water demand was 2972 m3/day in 2015 and was projected to be 3834 m3/day by 2025. This has put pressure on the already exploited clean water resources, making it necessary to seek additional sources of domestic water. Storage capacity and water quality of surface water bodies, especially small reservoirs whose water can be used to ease the demand, need to be assessed for supplemental water supply. This study aimed at assessing the suitability of the abandoned quarry reservoir as a source of potable urban water by determining its storage capacity characteristics and water quality status. Volume characteristics were determined using bathymetry survey in January 2019. Water samples were collected in January and August 2019 and analyzed for chemical, physical, and bacteriological quality, as per the American Public Health Association (APHA) standard methods for water and wastewater. Parameters were evaluated based on World Health Organization (WHO) and Kenya Bureau of Standards (KEBS) guidelines for drinking water, and rated based on the drinking water quality index (WQI). The reservoir’s maximum storage capacity was found to be 128,385 m3, the surface area was 17,699 m2, and the maximum depth was 15.11 m. Nineteen of the twenty-five investigated parameters were within the acceptable standards. However, the concentrations of manganese (Mn), cadmium (Cd), iron (Fe), turbidity, total coliforms, and Escherichia coli (E. coli) were above the acceptable limits. Manganese and iron levels increased with depth. The overall WQI of the reservoir was 82.51 and 85.85 in January and August, respectively. Therefore, based on WQI rating, the water scored a good quality rating and could be used for domestic supply upon treatment. The original achievement of this study is establishment of the volume of the water in the quarry as an additional source of water to the nearby community, along with water quality status.

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