scholarly journals The basin characterization model—A regional water balance software package

10.3133/tm6h1 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorraine E. Flint ◽  
Alan L. Flint ◽  
Michelle A. Stern
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Software Package ◽  
Characterization Model ◽  
Basin Characterization Model ◽  
Regional Water

scholarly journals A basin-scale approach for assessing water resources in a semiarid environment: San Diego region, California and Mexico

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 3817-3833 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. Flint ◽  
A. L. Flint ◽  
B. J. Stolp ◽  
W. R. Danskin
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
River Basin ◽  
San Diego ◽  
Water Inflow ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Characterization Model ◽  
Basin Characterization Model ◽  
Groundwater Outflow

Abstract. Many basins throughout the world have sparse hydrologic and geologic data, but have increasing demands for water and a commensurate need for integrated understanding of surface and groundwater resources. This paper demonstrates a methodology for using a distributed parameter water-balance model, gaged surface-water flow, and a reconnaissance-level groundwater flow model to develop a first-order water balance. Flow amounts are rounded to the nearest 5 million cubic meters per year. The San Diego River basin is 1 of 5 major drainage basins that drain to the San Diego coastal plain, the source of public water supply for the San Diego area. The distributed parameter water-balance model (Basin Characterization Model) was run at a monthly timestep for 1940–2009 to determine a median annual total water inflow of 120 million cubic meters per year for the San Diego region. The model was also run specifically for the San Diego River basin for 1982–2009 to provide constraints to model calibration and to evaluate the proportion of inflow that becomes groundwater discharge, resulting in a median annual total water inflow of 50 million cubic meters per year. On the basis of flow records for the San Diego River at Fashion Valley (US Geological Survey gaging station 11023000), when corrected for upper basin reservoir storage and imported water, the total is 30 million cubic meters per year. The difference between these two flow quantities defines the annual groundwater outflow from the San Diego River basin at 20 million cubic meters per year. These three flow components constitute a first-order water budget estimate for the San Diego River basin. The ratio of surface-water outflow and groundwater outflow to total water inflow are 0.6 and 0.4, respectively. Using total water inflow determined using the Basin Characterization Model for the entire San Diego region and the 0.4 partitioning factor, groundwater outflow from the San Diego region, through the coastal plain aquifer to the Pacific Ocean, is calculated to be approximately 50 million cubic meters per year. The area-scale assessment of water resources highlights several hydrologic features of the San Diego region. Groundwater recharge is episodic; the Basin Characterization Model output shows that 90 percent of simulated recharge occurred during 3 percent of the 1982–2009 period. The groundwater aquifer may also be quite permeable. A reconnaissance-level groundwater flow model for the San Diego River basin was used to check the water budget estimates, and the basic interaction of the surface-water and groundwater system, and the flow values, were found to be reasonable. Horizontal hydraulic conductivity values of the volcanic and metavolcanic bedrock in San Diego region range from 1 to 10 m per day. Overall, results establish an initial hydrologic assessment formulated on the basis of sparse hydrologic data. The described flow variability, extrapolation, and unique characteristics represent a realistic view of current (2012) hydrologic understanding for the San Diego region.

Regional Water Balance and Economic Assessment as Tools for Water Management in Coastal Lebanon

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 2361-2378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel El Chami ◽  
Maroun El Moujabber ◽  
Alessandra Scardigno
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Regional Water

Lake Michigan Beach-Ridge and Dune Development, Lake Level, and Variability in Regional Water Balance

1995 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Lichter
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Lake Level ◽  
Lake Michigan ◽  
Plant Macrofossils ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Beach Ridges ◽  
Average Return ◽  
High Lake Level ◽  
High Level ◽  
Regional Water

AbstractA sequence of northern Lake Michigan beach ridges records lake-level fluctuations that are probably related to changes in late Holocene climate. Historically, episodes of falling and low lake level associated with regional drought led to the formation of dune-capped beach ridges. The timing of prehistoric ridge formation, estimated by radiocarbon dating of plant macrofossils from early-successional dune species, shows that return periods of inferred drought, averaged for time intervals of 100 to 480 yr, ranged between 17 and 135 yr per drought during the last 2400 yr. In five of ten of these time intervals, the average return period ranged between 17 and 22 yr per drought. These intervals of frequent ridge formation and drought were associated with the development of parabolic dunes, which is indicative of high lake level and moist climate. This seeming paradox suggests that unusually moist decades alternated with unusually dry decades during these time intervals. Regional water balance probably varied less during the time intervals when ridges formed less often and the lake produced no evidence of high level.

scholarly journals Regional Water Balance Based on Remotely Sensed Evapotranspiration and Irrigation: An Assessment of the Haihe Plain, China

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 2514-2533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanmin Yang ◽  
Yonghui Yang ◽  
Deli Liu ◽  
Tom Nordblom ◽  
Bingfang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Remotely Sensed ◽  
Regional Water

scholarly journals Macroscale estimation of evaporation from regional water balance

1985 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
MING-KO WOO ◽  
PETER R. WAYLEN
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Regional Water

scholarly journals Underground deserts below fertility islands? – Woody species desiccate lower soil layers in sandy drylands

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Csaba Tolgyesi ◽  
Peter Torok ◽  
Alida Anna Habenczyus ◽  
Zoltan Batory ◽  
Valko Orsolya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Site Conditions ◽  
Herb Layer ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Ground Water Recharge ◽  
Islands Of Fertility ◽  
Natural Stands ◽  
Regional Water

AbstractWoody plants in water-limited ecosystems affect their environment on multiple scales: locally, natural stands can create islands of fertility for herb layer communities compared to open habitats, but afforestation has been shown to negatively affect regional water balance and productivity. Despite these contrasting observations, no coherent multiscale framework has been developed for the environmental effects of woody plants in water-limited ecosystems. To link local and regional effects of woody species in a spatially explicit model, we simultaneously measured site conditions (microclimate, nutrient availability and topsoil moisture) and conditions of regional relevance (deeper soil moisture), in forests with different canopy types (long, intermediate and short annual lifetime) and adjacent grasslands in sandy drylands. All types of forests ameliorated site conditions compared to adjacent grasslands, although natural stands did so more effectively than managed ones. At the same time, all forests desiccated deeper soil layers during the vegetation period, and the longer the canopy lifetime, the more severe the desiccation in summer and more delayed the recharge after the active period of the canopy. We conclude that the site-scale environmental amelioration brought about by woody species is bound to co-occur with the desiccation of deeper soil layers, leading to deficient ground water recharge. This means that the cost of creating islands of fertility for sensitive herb layer organisms is an inevitable negative impact on regional water balance. The canopy type or management intensity of the forests affects the magnitude but not the direction of these effects. The outlined framework of the effects of woody species should be considered for the conservation, restoration, or profit-oriented use of forests as well as in forest-based carbon sequestration and soil erosion control projects in water-limited ecosystems.

Remote sensing of change in components of the regional water balance of the Murray-Darling basin using satellite imaged and spatially registered environmental data

Soil Research ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 409 ◽  
Author(s):  
DLB Jupp ◽  
J Walker ◽  
J Kalma ◽  
R Smith
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Murray Darling Basin ◽  
Rate Of Evaporation ◽  
Regional Water

The project aims to develop a series of maps by remote sensing to monitor aspects of the regional hydrology of the Murray-Darling Basin as well as its properties as a hydrothermal (water/energy) system. The methods are based on the analysis of thermal and microwave data collected by satellites to extract information on surface temperature and emissivity and thereby to estimate the spatial and temporal variation of soil moisture, rate of evaporation, water balance and associated properties of the root zone at a regional scale.

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