scholarly journals Geomorphic map of western Whatcom County, Washington

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dori J. Kovanen ◽  
Ralph A. Haugerud ◽  
Don J. Easterbrook
Keyword(s):  
Whatcom County

LIDAR-BASED LANDSLIDE INVENTORY FOR WHATCOM COUNTY, WASHINGTON

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen L. Slaughter ◽  
◽  
Katherine A. Mickelson
Keyword(s):  
Landslide Inventory ◽  
Whatcom County

Urochordeumatidae Silvestri, 1909, a millipede family endemic to Washington State, USA (Chordeumatida, Striariidea, Striarioidea)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4657 (2) ◽  
pp. 352-360
Author(s):  
WILLIAM A. SHEAR ◽  
PAUL E. MAREK
Keyword(s):  
Single Species ◽  
Washington State ◽  
Range Extension ◽  
North Cascades ◽  
The North ◽  
The Family ◽  
Whatcom County ◽  
Subjective Synonym

Urochordeumatidae Silvestri, 1909 includes a single species, Urochordeuma bumpusi Silvestri, 1909, with U. porona Chamberlin, 1941 as a new junior subjective synonym. The family Urochordeumatidae is removed from the superfamily Caseyoidea and transferred to the superfamily Striarioidea. The species is known only from four counties in Washington State in the North Cascades: Pierce, King, Thurston and Whatcom. The occurrence of U. bumpusi from Whatcom County is a significant range extension. 

scholarly journals Estimating and comparing cropland nitrogen need with dairy farm nutrient recovery: a case study in Whatcom County, WA

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Nathan Stacey ◽  
Karen Hills ◽  
Georgine Yorgey
Keyword(s):  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Transportation Cost ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
High Density ◽  
Nutrient Recovery ◽  
Whatcom County ◽  
Management Approaches

Abstract In agricultural regions, like Whatcom County, Washington, crop and dairy production co-exist, but increased agricultural specialization and intensification have divorced what was, historically, an integrated approach to production. This agricultural segregation contributes to farm, regional and watershed-scale nutrient imbalances, and several different management approaches have been devised to improve, correct and close these nutrient cycling disparities. In high-density production regions, utilizing locally produced bio-based fertilizers may provide one avenue toward closing regional nutrient loops. Technologies such as dairy-operated nutrient recovery systems may help improve the flow of nutrients between dairy and cropping systems by extracting nutrients from raw manure and producing materials that are more easily used on farms than raw manure. To evaluate the potential impact of a nutrient recovery system and its related product, we estimated nitrogen balances between cropland use and manure production within Whatcom County, Washington and examined a theoretical scenario in which a specific nutrient recovery product was utilized across the region. We considered one economic barrier, transportation cost, and calculated a hypothetical comparison for transporting nitrogen in two forms, a downstream nutrient recovery product and raw manure. The scenarios presented here demonstrate a potential gap between regional nutrient supply and demand, illustrate the tradeoffs with a technological approach, and make clear that both technological tools and practical management strategies are needed to address the challenges of redistributing nutrients in high-density production areas.

COMPARISON OF SOME PODZOLS AND SPODOSOLS IN THE FRASER LOWLAND, BRITISH COLUMBIA AND ADJACENT WASHINGTON STATE

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 579-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. GOLDIN
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Amorphous Material ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Washington State ◽  
Soil Taxonomy ◽  
International Boundary ◽  
The Common ◽  
Whatcom County ◽  
High Cation Exchange Capacity

Soils derived from Pleistocene deposits with an aeolian mantle in the Fraser Lowland of British Columbia and adjacent Washington State are analyzed and compared for classification as Podzols and Spodosols. Data from Canadian and American sources are examined for six groups of soils that correlate across the international boundary. Soils classified as Spodosols meet the criteria for Podzols, but the converse is not true, mainly because the pyrophosphate-extractable Fe + Al is less than half of the dithionite-citrate-extractable Fe + Al. The Canadian classification is Humo-Ferric Podzols. The presence of amorphous material in this area is recognized and expressed in U.S. soil taxonomy as Andic intergrades of Xerochrepts. Evidence of amorphous material in the aeolian mantle of these soils is a smeary feel when rubbed wet, and the following other characteristics (with the common ranges in the upper 60 cm): low bulk density (850–1150 kg/m3), high 1.5-MPa water-to-clay ratio (0.95–3.33), high cation exchange capacity (130–400 meq/100 g clay), high pH in sodium fluoride (10.0–11.1), and low percent base saturation (9–46%). The soils have 1–21% glass or glassy aggregates in the upper 60 cm and a trace to 6% below 60 cm. Key words: Podzolization, NaF pH, bulk density, Andic Xerochrepts, Pleistocene deposits, Whatcom County.

Mathematical Analysis of Temporal and Spatial Trends in the Benthic Macroinvertebrate Communities of a Small Stream

1991 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 2184-2190 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. B. Matthews ◽  
R. A. Matthews ◽  
B. Hachmöller
Keyword(s):  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Benthic Macroinvertebrate ◽  
Macroinvertebrate Communities ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Order Stream ◽  
Small Stream ◽  
Spatial Trend ◽  
Spatial Trends ◽  
Whatcom County

Macroinvertebrates were collected at four sites in Padden Creek, a small second-order stream in Whatcom County, Washington, USA. Two upstream sites were characterized by high densities of sensitive taxa, predominantly mayflies, stoneflies, and caddisflies, and two downstream sites showed high densities of tolerant taxa, especially true flies, annelids, Baetis mayflies, and gastropods. Despite the small sample size, some statistical techniques proved useful. The first two components of correspondence analysis were used to confirm the existence of both seasonal and spatial trends in the benthic macroinvertebrate populations of the stream. Neither component alone, however, ordinated the samples with respect to these trends. Combinations of the first two components were required. A standard clustering technique, k-means clustering with squared Euclidean distance, further confirmed the seasonal trend. Nonmetric clustering, not widely used in the analysis of ecological data, was necessary to confirm the spatial trend. Nonmetric clustering was also able to identify a small number of "significant" taxa, i.e. taxa that reliably served as indicators of spatial position on the stream.

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