scholarly journals Displacement of the south flank of Kilauea Volcano; the result of forceful intrusion of magma into the rift zones

10.3133/pp963 ◽  
1976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald A. Swanson ◽  
Wendell A. Duffield ◽  
Richard S. Fiske
Keyword(s):  
Kilauea Volcano ◽  
The South ◽  
Kīlauea Volcano ◽  
Rift Zones

Relaxation of the south flank after the 7.2-magnitude Kalapana earthquake, Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii

1994 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-141
Author(s):  
John J. Dvorak ◽  
Fred W. Klein ◽  
Donald A. Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Rift Zone ◽  
Vertical Surface ◽  
Kilauea Volcano ◽  
Adjacent Segment ◽  
The South ◽  
Surface Displacements ◽  
Kīlauea Volcano ◽  
Parkfield Earthquake ◽  
Largest Aftershock ◽  
Large Earthquakes

Abstract An M = 7.2 earthquake on 29 November 1975 caused the south flank of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, to move seaward several meters: a catastrophic release of compression of the south flank caused by earlier injections of magma into the adjacent segment of a rift zone. The focal mechanisms of the mainshock, the largest foreshock, and the largest aftershock suggest seaward movement of the upper block. The rate of aftershocks decreased in a familiar hyperbolic decay, reaching the pre-1975 rate of seismicity by the mid-1980s. Repeated rift-zone intrusions and eruptions after 1975, which occurred within 25 km of the summit area, compressed the adjacent portion of the south flank, apparently masking continued seaward displacement of the south flank. This is evident along a trilateration line that continued to extend, suggesting seaward displacement, immediately after the M = 7.2 earthquake, but then was compressed during a series of intrusions and eruptions that began in September 1977. Farther to the east, trilateration measurements show that the portion of the south flank above the aftershock zone, but beyond the area of compression caused by the rift-zone intrusions and eruptions, continued to move seaward at a decreasing rate until the mid-1980s, mimicking the decay in aftershock rate. Along the same portion of the south flank, the pattern of vertical surface displacements can be explained by continued seaward movement of the south flank and development of two eruptive fissures along the east rift zone, each of which extended from a depth of ∼3 km to the surface. The aftershock rate and continued seaward movement of the south flank are reminiscent of crustal response to other large earthquakes, such as the 1966 M = 6 Parkfield earthquake and the 1983 M = 6.5 Coalinga earthquake.

Crustal structure of the southeast flank of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, from seismic refraction measurements

1980 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 1149-1159
Author(s):  
John J. Zucca ◽  
David P. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Oceanic Crust ◽  
Crustal Structure ◽  
Seismic Refraction ◽  
Kilauea Volcano ◽  
Geological Survey ◽  
Pn Velocity ◽  
Kīlauea Volcano ◽  
Volcanic Pile ◽  
Rift Zones ◽  
The U.S

abstract In November 1976, the U.S. Geological Survey, in conjunction with the Hawaii Institute of Geophysics, established a 100-km-long seismic refraction line normal to the southeast coast of Hawaii across the submarine flank of Kilauea Volcano. Interpretation of the data suggests that the oceanic crust dips about 2° toward the island underneath the volcanic pile. The unreversed Pn velocity is 7.9 km/ sec with crustal velocities varying strongly along the profile. Profiles across the rift zones of Kilauea suggest that the velocity in the rifts is higher than the velocity in the surrounding extrusive rocks and that the velocity in the southwest rift (∼6.5 km/sec) is lower than the velocity in the east rift (∼7.0 km/sec). The rift boundaries seem to dip away from the rift such that a large part of the volcanic pile is composed of the higher velocity core of riftzone rock.

scholarly journals Erratum: corrigenda: Sudden aseismic fault slip on the south flank of Kilauea volcano

Nature ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 418 (6893) ◽  
pp. 108-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Cervelli ◽  
Paul Segall ◽  
Kaj Johnson ◽  
Michael Lisowski ◽  
Asta Miklius
Keyword(s):  
Kilauea Volcano ◽  
Fault Slip ◽  
The South ◽  
Kīlauea Volcano

An Isotopic Perspective into the Magmatic Evolution and Architecture of the Rift Zones of Kīlauea Volcano

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (12) ◽  
pp. 2311-2352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron J Pietruszka ◽  
Jared P Marske ◽  
Daniel E Heaton ◽  
Michael O Garcia ◽  
J Michael Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Kilauea Volcano ◽  
Magmatic Evolution ◽  
Kīlauea Volcano ◽  
Rift Zones

Periodic dike intrusions at Kīlauea volcano, Hawaiʻi

Geology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily K. Montgomery-Brown ◽  
Asta Miklius
Keyword(s):  
Rift Zone ◽  
Volcanic Hazards ◽  
Kilauea Volcano ◽  
Magma Supply ◽  
Kīlauea Volcano ◽  
Recurrence Intervals ◽  
Rift Zones ◽  
Intrusive Activity

Forecasting heightened magmatic activity is key to assessing and mitigating global volcanic hazards, including eruptions from lateral rift zones at basaltic volcanoes. At Kīlauea volcano, Hawaiʻi (United States), planar dikes intrude its east rift zone (ERZ) and repeatedly affect the same segments. Here we show that Kīlauea’s upper and middle ERZ dikes in the last four decades intruded at regular intervals of ~8 or ~14 yr. Segments with shorter recurrence intervals are adjacent to faster-moving parts of the flank, and ~1–5 MPa of tension accumulates from flank spreading in the time between dike events. Intrusion frequency was neither advanced nor delayed during magma supply variations, supporting the role of long-term flank motion on the timing of dike intrusions. Although fewer historical dikes have occurred near the 2018 CE eruption site in the lower ERZ and the adjacent slowly sliding lower eastern flank, similar tension accumulated between the 1955 and 2018 eruptions. Regular dike intrusion recurrence intervals indicate the importance of including both extrusive and (commonly neglected) intrusive activity in eruption hazard analyses.

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