scholarly journals Geology and mineral resources of the Chitral-Partsan area, Hindu Kush Range, northern Pakistan

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Alfred Calkins ◽  
S. Jamiluddin ◽  
Kamaluddin Bhuyan ◽  
Ahmad Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Northern Pakistan ◽  
Hindu Kush

Geology and mineral resources of the Chitral-Partsan area, Hindu Kush Range, northern Pakistan

1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Alfred Calkins ◽  
S. Jamiluddin ◽  
K. Bhuyan ◽  
A. Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Northern Pakistan ◽  
Hindu Kush

Building Typologies Prevalent in Northern Pakistan and Their Performance during the 2015 Hindu Kush Earthquake

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 2473-2493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Najif Ismail ◽  
Nouman Khattak
Keyword(s):  
Failure Modes ◽  
Strong Motion ◽  
Masonry Walls ◽  
Northern Pakistan ◽  
Ground Settlement ◽  
Hindu Kush ◽  
Reverse Faulting ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Shear Cracking ◽  
Motion Characteristics

The M7.5 earthquake of 26 October 2015 resulted due to reverse faulting at an intermediate depth of 210 km within the northeast-trending tabular zone underneath the Hindu Kush region, with its epicenter located 45 km southwest of Jarm in Afghanistan. In Pakistan alone, the earthquake and subsequent aftershock swarm resulted in 280 fatalities, injuries to 1,770 persons, and notable damage to 109,123 buildings. A synopsis of observations is presented herein, covering details about seismotectonics, strong motion characteristics, damage statistics, and typical building failure modes. Building damage was observed to mostly concentrate in vulnerable rural and old unreinforced masonry buildings, with aspects such as complete or partial out of plane collapse of walls, collapse of roofs due to loss of seating, shear cracking in masonry walls/panels, shear and flexural damage in masonry spandrels, cracking at infill-frame interface, damage at building corners, pounding damage, toppled minarets, and damage due to ground settlement.

Temple of Imra, Temple of Mahandeu: a Kafir sanctuary in Kalasha cosmology

1991 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Parkes
Keyword(s):  
Northern Pakistan ◽  
Religious Knowledge ◽  
Hindu Kush ◽  
Comparative Religions ◽  
Heaven And Earth ◽  
The Temple ◽  
Present Conception ◽  
Axis Mundi

This article examines the mythical significance of the famous Afghan Kafir ‘Temple of Imra’ described in Robertson's Káfirs of the Hindu-Kush (1896: 389–92) within the cosmology of the Kalasha (‘Kalash Kafirs’) of Chitral in northern Pakistan. It is known as the ‘Temple of Mahandeu’ in Kalasha tradition, and stories about this sanctuary play an important role in the exegesis of all Kalasha rites. It is, indeed, a focal symbol of Kalasha cosmology: the site of an axis mundi linking heaven and earth with the underworld of the deceased, and the primordial domain of major deities. After examining narratives about this temple, I shall discuss several problems in the comparative religions of the Hindu Kush that such traditions help to elucidate. In recognition of the pioneering scholarship on this subject by Wolfgang Lentz (1974) and Lennart Edelberg (et al., 1959), I present here some Kalasha perspectives on an extraordinary Kafir sanctuary (cf. Jettmar, 1986: 50–51). But in discussing its significance in Kalasha cosmology, I also address broader questions about our present conception of religious knowledge in the Hindu Kush, particularly on the comparative ‘mythology’ of the Afghan Kafirs and of their Dardicspeaking neighbours in northern Pakistan

scholarly journals In-Depth Analysis of Physicochemical Properties of Particulate Matter (PM10, PM2.5 and PM1) and Its Characterization through FTIR, XRD and SEM–EDX Techniques in the Foothills of the Hindu Kush Region of Northern Pakistan

Atmosphere ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Farooq Usman ◽  
Bahadar Zeb ◽  
Khan Alam ◽  
Zhongwei Huang ◽  
Attaullah Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Mass Concentration ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Northern Pakistan ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Average Mass ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Hindu Kush ◽  
Calcium Iron

The current study investigates the variation and physicochemical properties of ambient particulate matter (PM) in the very important location which lies in the foothills of the Hindu Kush ranges in northern Pakistan. This work investigates the mass concentration, mineral content, elemental composition and morphology of PM in three size fractions, i.e., PM1, PM2.5 and PM10, during the year of 2019. The collected samples were characterized by microscopic and spectroscopic techniques like Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy. During the study period, the average temperature, relative humidity, rainfall and wind speed were found to be 17.9 °C, 65.83%, 73.75 mm and 0.23 m/s, respectively. The results showed that the 24 h average mass concentration of PM10, PM2.5 and PM1 were 64 µgm−3, 43.9 µgm−3 and 22.4 µgm−3, respectively. The 24 h concentration of both PM10 and PM2.5 were 1.42 and 2.92 times greater, respectively, than the WHO limits. This study confirms the presence of minerals such as wollastonite, ammonium sulphate, wustite, illite, kaolinite, augite, crocidolite, calcite, calcium aluminosilicate, hematite, copper sulphate, dolomite, quartz, vaterite, calcium iron oxide, muscovite, gypsum and vermiculite. On the basis of FESEM-EDX analysis, 14 elements (O, C, Al, Si, Mg, Na, K, Ca, Fe, N, Mo, B, S and Cl) and six groups of PM (carbonaceous (45%), sulfate (13%), bioaerosols (8%), aluminosilicates (19%), quartz (10%) and nitrate (3%)) were identified.

Quantitative analysis of medicinal flora use as herbal remedies in Hindu Kush mountain range, northern Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazim Hussain ◽  
Umar Zeb ◽  
Asfa Batool ◽  
Khan Sher ◽  
Iqra Naeem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Northern Pakistan ◽  
Hindu Kush ◽  
Medicinal Flora

scholarly journals Effect of management on reproductive performances of the Achai cattle in the Hindu Kush (Northern Pakistan)

2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1297-1302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Saleem ◽  
Inam-ur Rahim ◽  
Henri Rueff ◽  
Momen Khan ◽  
Daniel Maselli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northern Pakistan ◽  
Hindu Kush

The Genealogical History of the Last Royal Families of Chitral and Yasin: A Preliminary Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-232
Author(s):  
Hidayat ur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Northern Pakistan ◽  
Preliminary Examination ◽  
The Social ◽  
Hindu Kush ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cultural Status ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
New Research

Abstract This study examines the divergent genealogies of the last royal families of Chitral and Yasin, the Katur and Khushwakht respectively. We propose, based on published and unpublished sources of the nineteenth and twentieth century as well as traditions brought to light by field research, that the origin of the dynasties of the founding figures Mohtaram Shah Katur I and Shah Khushwakht is linked not with outsiders, as asserted by the former rulers of Chitral and Yasin, but rather with the ancient Katur rulers of the Hindu Kush mountains, referred to as Kator or Katur in the sources. It is hoped that this preliminary examination of the social, historical, and cultural status of the ancestors of the Katur and Khushwakht rulers will open new research possibilities for the study of the history and culture of present-day northern Pakistan.

Paragenesis of stratiform zinc-lead mineralisation from Besti Gol, Chitral, Hindu Kush, Northern Pakistan

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 8643-8654
Author(s):  
Mohammad Zahid ◽  
Charlie J. Moon ◽  
M. Q. Jan
Keyword(s):  
Northern Pakistan ◽  
Hindu Kush

scholarly journals A 424-year tree-ring based PDSI reconstruction of <i>Cedrus deodara</i> D. Don from Chitral HinduKush Range of Pakistan: linkages to the ocean oscillations

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarir Ahmad ◽  
Liangjun Zhu ◽  
Sumaira Yasmeen ◽  
Yuandong Zhang ◽  
Zongshan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Northern Pakistan ◽  
Cedrus Deodara ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Mountain Ranges ◽  
Hindu Kush

Abstract. Currently, the rate of global warming has led to persistent drought patterns. It is considered to be the preliminary reason affecting socio-economic development under the background of dynamic forecasting of water supply and forest ecosystems in West Asia. However, long-term climate records in the semi-arid Chitral mountains of northern Pakistan are seriously lacking. Therefore, we developed a new tree-ring width chronology of Cedrus deodara spanning the period of 1537–2017. We reconstructed the March-August Palmer Drought Sensitivity Index (PDSI) for the past 424 years back to A.D. 1593. Our reconstruction was featured with nine dry and eight wet periods 1593–1598, 1602–1608, 1631–1645, 1647–1660, 1756–1765, 1785–1800, 1870–1878, 1917–1923, 1981–1995, and 1663–1675, 1687–1708, 1771–1773, 1806–1814, 1844–1852, 1932–1935, 1965–1969 and 1996–2003, respectively. This reconstruction is consistent with other dendroclimatic reconstructions in west Asia, confirming its reliability. The analysis of the Multi-Taper Method and wavelet analysis revealed drought variability at periodicities of 2.1–2.4, 3.3, 6, 16.8, and 34–38 years. The drought patterns could be linked to the broad-scale atmospheric-oceanic variability such as El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation (AMO) and solar activity. In terms of current climate conditions, our findings have important implications for developing drought-resistant policies in communities on the fringes of Hindu Kush mountain Ranges in northern Pakistan.

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