Chemical analyses of hot springs, pools, geysers, and surface waters from Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, and vicinity, 1974-1975

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Ball ◽  
D. Kirk Nordstrom ◽  
Everett A. Jenne ◽  
Davison V. Vivit
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Yellowstone National Park ◽  
National Park ◽  
Hot Springs ◽  
Chemical Analyses

Deposition and diagenesis of Mammoth Hot Springs travertine, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, U.S.A.

2003 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 1515-1529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry S Chafetz ◽  
Sean A Guidry
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Yellowstone National Park ◽  
National Park ◽  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Hot Springs ◽  
Lacustrine Environment ◽  
Pronounced Difference ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Sedimentary Structures ◽  
Stable Isotopic

Strata forming a 113 m long core through Mammoth Hot Springs record the Holocene evolution of this travertine accumulation from deposition as part of a lacustrine to a terraced mound environment. The deposit is readily divided into four intervals: 113–67 m, carbonate-cemented volcaniclastic with intercalated layers of travertine; 67–60 m, moderately pure travertine with some volcaniclastics; 60–50 m, carbonate-cemented volcaniclastic-rich interval; and 50–0 m, essentially pure travertine. Lithologic composition, sedimentary structures, and the rare ostracode fossils indicate that the lower 67 m predominantly accumulated in a lacustrine environment, whereas the upper 40 m are terraced mound deposits. All of the travertine is calcite, some after aragonite. Layers of shrubs, oncoids, and peloids, all bacterial in origin, form the dominant allochems within the travertine. Stable isotopic carbon and oxygen values (n = 128) are strongly positively correlated and decrease up-core ~4‰ and 8‰, respectively, reflecting a change in depositional environment from lacustrine to terraced mound upsection. Other stable isotopic trends indicate a pronounced difference between travertine allochems and immediately adjacent spar, e.g., spar averages 0.9‰ and 0.6‰, respectively, lower than immediately adjacent shrubs (n = 7 pairs). This difference is interpreted to reflect degassing and evaporation in the surface waters prior to precipitation of the allochems. The trends in stable isotopic values provide valuable corroborative data with regard to the depositional environment and diagenesis of the travertine.

scholarly journals The fate of a travertine record: impact of early diagenesis on the Y‐10 core (Mammoth Hot Springs, Yellowstone National Park, USA)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva De Boever ◽  
David Jaramillo‐Vogel ◽  
Anne‐Sophie Bouvier ◽  
Norbert Frank ◽  
Andrea Schröder‐Ritzrau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yellowstone National Park ◽  
National Park ◽  
Hot Springs ◽  
Early Diagenesis

scholarly journals Isolation, Characterization, and Ecology of Sulfur-Respiring Crenarchaea Inhabiting Acid-Sulfate-Chloride-Containing Geothermal Springs in Yellowstone National Park

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (20) ◽  
pp. 6669-6677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric S. Boyd ◽  
Robert A. Jackson ◽  
Gem Encarnacion ◽  
James A. Zahn ◽  
Trevor Beard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yellowstone National Park ◽  
National Park ◽  
Hot Springs ◽  
Lipid Fraction ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Geothermal Springs ◽  
Physiological Characterization

ABSTRACT Elemental sulfur (S0) is associated with many geochemically diverse hot springs, yet little is known about the phylogeny, physiology, and ecology of the organisms involved in its cycling. Here we report the isolation, characterization, and ecology of two novel, S0-reducing Crenarchaea from an acid geothermal spring referred to as Dragon Spring. Isolate 18U65 grows optimally at 70 to 72°C and at pH 2.5 to 3.0, while isolate 18D70 grows optimally at 81°C and pH 3.0. Both isolates are chemoorganotrophs, dependent on complex peptide-containing carbon sources, S0, and anaerobic conditions for respiration-dependent growth. Glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) containing four to six cyclopentyl rings were present in the lipid fraction of isolates 18U65 and 18D70. Physiological characterization suggests that the isolates are adapted to the physicochemical conditions of Dragon Spring and can utilize the natural organic matter in the spring as a carbon and energy source. Quantitative PCR analysis of 16S rRNA genes associated with the S0 flocs recovered from several acid geothermal springs using isolate-specific primers indicates that these two populations together represent 17 to 37% of the floc-associated DNA. The physiological characteristics of isolates 18U65 and 18D70 are consistent with their potential widespread distribution and putative role in the cycling of sulfur in acid geothermal springs throughout the Yellowstone National Park geothermal complex. Based on phenotypic and genetic characterization, the designations Caldisphaera draconis sp. nov. and Acidilobus sulfurireducens sp. nov. are proposed for isolates 18U65 and 18D70, respectively.

Microstructure of high-temperature (>73 °C) siliceous sinter deposited around hot springs and geysers, Yellowstone National Park: the role of biological and abiological processes in sedimentation

2003 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 1611-1642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald R Lowe ◽  
Deena Braunstein
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Yellowstone National Park ◽  
National Park ◽  
Hot Springs ◽  
Strain Effect ◽  
Temperature Sinter ◽  
Architectural Features ◽  
Siliceous Sinter ◽  
High Temperature Sinter

Slightly alkaline hot springs and geysers in Yellowstone National Park exhibit distinctive assemblages of high-temperature (>73 °C) siliceous sinter reflecting local hydrodynamic conditions. The main depositional zones include subaqueous pool and channel bottoms and intermittently wetted subaerial splash, surge, and overflow areas. Subaqueous deposits include particulate siliceous sediment and dendritic and microbial silica framework. Silica framework forms thin, porous, microbe-rich films coating subaqueous surfaces. Spicules with intervening narrow crevices dominate in splash zones. Surge and overflow deposits include pool and channel rims, columns, and knobs. In thin section, subaerial sinter is composed of (i) dark brown, nearly opaque laminated sinter deposited on surfaces that evaporate to dryness; (ii) clear translucent silica deposited subaqueously through precipitation driven by supersaturation; (iii) heterogeneous silica representing silica-encrusted microbial filaments and detritus; and (iv) sinter debris. Brownish laminations form the framework of most sinter deposited in surge and overflow zones. Pits and cavities are common architectural features of subaerial sinter and show concave-upward pseudo-cross-laminations and micro-unconformities developed through migration. Marked birefringence of silica deposited on surfaces that evaporate to dryness is probably a strain effect. Repeated wetting and evaporation, often to dryness, and capillary effects control the deposition, morphology, and microstructure of most high-temperature sinter outside of the fully subaqueous zone. Microbial filaments are abundant on and within high-temperature sinter but do not provide the main controls on morphology or structuring except in biofilms developed on subaqueous surfaces. Millimetre-scale lamination cyclicity in much high-temperature sinter represents annual layering and regular seasonal fluctuations in silica sedimentation.

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