scholarly journals Quantity and quality of base flow and stormwater runoff in Independence, Missouri, October 1991 to February 1993

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregg K. Schalk
Keyword(s):  
Stormwater Runoff ◽  
Base Flow

Characterization of Stormwater Runoff from North Carolina Bridges and Determination of Effects on Selected Receiving Waters

2012 ◽  
Vol 2309 (1) ◽  
pp. 178-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad Wagner ◽  
Sharon Fitzgerald ◽  
Matthew Lauffer
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Bridge Deck ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Stormwater Runoff ◽  
Base Flow ◽  
Bed Sediment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Receiving Waters

The North Carolina Department of Transportation and the U.S. Geological Survey collaborated on a study to better understand the effects of stormwater runoff from bridges on receiving waters. The following tasks were performed: (a) characterizing the quality and quantity of stormwater runoff from a representative selection of bridges in North Carolina, (b) measuring the quality of stream water upstream of selected bridges to compare constituent concentrations and loads in bridge deck stormwater with those in the stream, (c) determining whether the chemistry of bed sediment upstream and downstream of selected bridges differed substantially according to the presence or absence of a best management practice for bridge runoff, and (d) estimating the rate at which bridge deck runoff mixed with the receiving stream. The investigation measured bridge deck runoff from 15 bridges for 12 to 15 storms, the quality of stream water for base flow and storm conditions at four of the bridge deck sites, and the chemistry of stream bed sediment upstream and downstream of 30 bridges across North Carolina. Runoff and stream samples were analyzed for a wide range of constituents, including dissolved and total recoverable metals and nutrients, major ions, total suspended solids, suspended sediment, oil and grease, petroleum hydrocarbons, and semi-volatile organic compounds. For 64% of comparisons, concentrations in bridge deck runoff were no different or were less than those measured in receiving waters, and the maximum concentrations of constituents in the bridge deck runoff were rapidly reduced to the ambient stream concentrations, generally within 50 ft downstream of the bridge.

Natural vs. anthropogenic effects in the composition of dissolved inorganic carbon in a boreal river with a seasonal base flow component

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 1585-1593
Author(s):  
Paula I. A. Niinikoski ◽  
Juha A. Karhu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Balance ◽  
Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Base Flow ◽  
Annual Cycles ◽  
Carbon Quality ◽  
Flow Component ◽  
Boreal River

Abstract Studying the carbon balance in surface waters gives information on the annual cycles of photosynthesis and respiration. It also provides insight on the water body's capability to serve as a source or sink for atmospheric CO2, which may be essential in evaluating the effects of climate change. The target of this study was the Vantaanjoki River known to have a significant base flow component, located in a densely populated area in southern Finland. The aims of this study were firstly to study if human induced changes are evident in the inorganic carbon quality of the river, and secondly to determine whether the river releases carbon to the atmosphere. These aims were achieved by studying the isotopic composition and contents of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in relation to river discharge. It was evident from the results that the human activities only have mild local and temporal effects on the quality of the DIC in the river. The most important contributors to the changes in the carbon balance are the annual changes in the proportion of the base flow and surface flow components and the escape of CO2 to the atmosphere.

scholarly journals Modelling the runoff response in the Mulde catchment (Germany)

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Fleischbein ◽  
K.-E. Lindenschmidt ◽  
B. Merz
Keyword(s):  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Hydrological Modelling ◽  
Base Flow ◽  
Distributed Model ◽  
Macro Scale ◽  
First Results ◽  
Spatial Discretisation ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract. The paper presents two different levels of regionalization used to represent the spatial distribution of landscape parameters for the hydrological modelling of the Mulde. The aim of this investigation was to find out how the discretisation level affects quality of modelling with the hydrological modelling system J2000. Furthermore we improved our understanding of the applicability and reliability of the distributed model J2000 on the macro-scale. Spatial information was aggregated in two different discretisation levels: subbasins (SB) and hydrological response polygons (HRP). A J2000 simulation was carried out for both discretisation levels based on a 1 year calibration and a 3 year validation period. Simulations performed well for both levels of spatial discretisation. The results seemed to be better in the more complex discretisation approach, where the Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient was higher. We can conclude that our first results show more accurate simulations produced by the HRP discretisation approach, the visual inspection shows a better application of the SB approach to the reproduction of the base flow.

scholarly journals Analysis of the impacts of major anion variations on surface water acidity particularly with regard to conifer harvesting: case studies from Wales and Northern England

1998 ◽  
Vol 2 (2/3) ◽  
pp. 303-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Neal ◽  
B. Reynolds ◽  
J. K. Adamson ◽  
P. A. Stevens ◽  
M. Neal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Range ◽  
Base Flow ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Stream Acidification ◽  
Major Cation ◽  
North Wales ◽  
Acidic Component ◽  
Abstract Data ◽  
Water Acidity

Abstract. Data on the water quality of streams draining a range of acidic and acid sensitive, mainly afforested, upland catchments in mid- and north-Wales and northern-England are described to investigate the acidification effects of conifer harvesting in relation to natural variability. Most sites show a large range in pH and major cation and major anion concentrations. The waters draining from the smaller catchments are more acidic and aluminium bearing reflecting a higher proportion of runoff from the acidic soils in each area. However, there is often a less acidic component of runoff under base-flow conditions due to ground-water contributions particularly within the larger streams. Higher concentrations of nitrate occur for sites which have been felled although declines in concentration occur several years after felling. Multiple regression analysis reveals the importance of cation exchange and within catchment acidification associated with sulphate and nitrate generation. Sulphate also has a component associated with weathering but the patterns vary from catchment to catchment. Analysis of the influence of changing anion concentrations associated with tree harvesting reveals that the acidification induced by increases in nitrate can be offset or reversed by the lowering of chloride and sulphate concentrations due to decreased atmospheric scavenging by the vegetation, reduced evapotranspiration and increased surface runoff diluting the acidity generated. It is concluded that contemporary UK forestry guidelines with an emphasis on phased harvesting of catchments over several years and careful harvesting methodologies can alleviate most problems of stream acidification associated with felling activities and in some cases can reverse the acidification pattern.

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