Installation and sampling of observation wells and analyses of water from the shallow aquifer at selected waste-disposal sites in the Memphis area, Tennessee

1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.S. Parks ◽  
D.D. Graham ◽  
J.F. Lowery
Keyword(s):  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Shallow Aquifer ◽  
Observation Wells

Evaluation of the origin of nitrate influencing the Ključ groundwater source, Serbia

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 472-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nada Miljević ◽  
Djulija Boreli-Zdravković ◽  
Vesna Obradović ◽  
Dušan Golobočanin ◽  
Bernhard Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Aquifer ◽  
Septic Systems ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Sandy Gravel ◽  
Dual Isotope ◽  
Soil Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Sampling Campaign ◽  
Nitrate Concentrations ◽  
Groundwater Source ◽  
Observation Wells

This paper describes the use of the dual isotope method involving δ15N and δ18O measurements of dissolved nitrates to assess the origin and fate of groundwater nitrate at the Ključ groundwater source, Serbia. A sampling campaign was conducted in September 2007 during flow conditions obtaining groundwater from observation wells and river water fed by a shallow aquifer hosted in alluvial (sandy-gravel) sediments. Nitrate isotope ratios ranged from +5.3 to +16.9‰ and δ18ONO3 values varied from −2.3 to +5.0‰. Two major contamination sources were identified with isotopic compositions characteristic for nitrate derived from nitrification of soil organic nitrogen (+5.3 to +7.8‰ for δ15N) resulting in nitrate concentrations of 33.6 and 78.8 mg/L and nitrate derived from animal wastes or human sewage, e.g. via septic systems, yielding δ15N values of +9.9 to +11.9‰ and elevated nitrate concentrations of 31.2–245.8 mg/L. The occurrence of nitrification and denitrification was also revealed based on concentration and isotope data for dissolved nitrate.

Resource efficiency in deinked pulp production: a review

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
LIISA KOTANEN ◽  
MIKA KÖRKKÖ ◽  
ARI ÄMMÄLÄ ◽  
JOUKO NIINIMÄKI
Keyword(s):  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Resource Efficiency ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Ecological Strategy ◽  
Recycled Paper ◽  
Paper Production ◽  
Recycled Pulp ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Pulp Production

The use of recovered paper as a raw material for paper production is by far the most economical and ecological strategy for the disposal of waste paper. However, paper production from recovered paper furnish generates a great amount of residues, and the higher the demand requirements for the end product, the higher the amount of rejected material. The reason for this is that the selectivity of the deinking process is limited; therefore, some valuable components are also lost in reject streams. The rejection of usable components affects the economics of recycled paper production. As the cost of waste disposal continues to increase, this issue is becoming more and more severe. This paper summarizes the current state of the resource efficiency in recycled pulp production and provides information on the volumes of rejected streams and the usable material within them. Various means to use these reject streams are also discussed, including the main findings of a recent thesis by the main author. This review summarizes current internal and external use of reject streams generated in the deinking operations.

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