scholarly journals Residential and service-population exposure to multiple natural hazards in the Mount Hood region of Clackamas County, Oregon

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy M. Mathie ◽  
Nathan Wood
Keyword(s):  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Population Exposure ◽  
Mount Hood ◽  
Clackamas County

scholarly journals Assessing global exposure and vulnerability towards natural hazards: the Disaster Risk Index

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1149-1159 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Peduzzi ◽  
H. Dao ◽  
C. Herold ◽  
F. Mouton
Keyword(s):  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Building Stone ◽  
Population Exposure ◽  
Human Vulnerability ◽  
Data Improvement

Abstract. This paper presents a model of factors influencing levels of human losses from natural hazards at the global scale, for the period 1980–2000. This model was designed for the United Nations Development Programme as a building stone of the Disaster Risk Index (DRI), which aims at monitoring the evolution of risk. Assessing what countries are most at risk requires considering various types of hazards, such as droughts, floods, cyclones and earthquakes. Before assessing risk, these four hazards were modelled using GIS and overlaid with a model of population distribution in order to extract human exposure. Human vulnerability was measured by crossing exposure with selected socio-economic parameters. The model evaluates to what extent observed past losses are related to population exposure and vulnerability. Results reveal that human vulnerability is mostly linked with country development level and environmental quality. A classification of countries is provided, as well as recommendations on data improvement for future use of the model.

A System Approach to the Reduction of Damage Costs due to Natural Hazards

2002 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
Bryan Adey ◽  
Rade Hajdin ◽  
Eugen Brühwiler
Keyword(s):  
Natural Hazards ◽  
System Approach ◽  
Damage Costs

Vicious Cycle of Economic Growth, Pm2.5 and COVID-19 Case of G7 Countries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rıdvan Karacan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Panel Cointegration ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Population Exposure ◽  
Causality Analysis ◽  
G7 Countries

<p>Today, production is carried out depending on fossil fuels. Fossil fuels pollute the air as they contain high levels of carbon. Many studies have been carried out on the economic costs of air pollution. However, in the present study, unlike the former ones, economic growth's relationship with the COVID-19 virus in addition to air pollution was examined. The COVID-19 virus, which was initially reported in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and affected the whole world, has caused many cases and deaths. Researchers have been going on studying how the virus is transmitted. Some of these studies suggest that the number of virus-related cases increases in regions with a high level of air pollution. Based on this fact, it is thought that air pollution will increase the number of COVID-19 cases in G7 Countries where industrial production is widespread. Therefore, the negative aspects of economic growth, which currently depends on fossil fuels, is tried to be revealed. The research was carried out for the period between 2000-2019. Panel cointegration test and panel causality analysis were used for the empirical analysis. Particulate matter known as PM2.5[1] was used as an indicator of air pollution. Consequently, a positive long-term relationship has been identified between PM2.5 and economic growth. This relationship also affects the number of COVID-19 cases.</p><p><br></p><p><br></p><p>[1] "Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is an air pollutant that poses the greatest risk to health globally, affecting more people than any other pollutant (WHO, 2018). Chronic exposure to PM2.5 considerably increases the risk of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases in particular (WHO, 2018). For these reasons, population exposure to (outdoor or ambient) PM2.5 has been identified as an OECD Green Growth headline indicator" (OECD.Stat).</p>

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