scholarly journals Atrazine concentrations in stream water and streambed sediment pore water in the St. Joseph and Galien River basins, Michigan and Indiana, May 2001-September 2003

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph W. Duris ◽  
Howard W. Reeves ◽  
James L. Kiesler
Keyword(s):  
Pore Water ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Sediment Pore Water ◽  
Streambed Sediment

scholarly journals Untangling hydrological pathways and nitrate sources by chemical appraisal in a stream network of a reservoir catchment

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 787-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Yevenes ◽  
C. M. Mannaerts
Keyword(s):  
Pore Water ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Sediment Pore Water ◽  
Nitrate Sources ◽  
Alluvial Sediment ◽  
Source Contributions ◽  
End Members

Abstract. The knowledge of water source contributions to streamflow is important for understanding chemical contamination origins and the status of biogeochemical cycling in stream networks of catchments. In this study, we evaluated whether a limited number of spatially distributed geochemical tracer data sampled during different hydrological seasons were sufficient to quantify water flow pathways and nitrate sources in a catchment. Six geochemical water constituents (δ2H, δ18O, Cl−, SO2−4, Na+, NO−3 and K+) of precipitation, stream water, alluvial sediment pore water and shallow groundwater of a 352 km2 agricultural catchment in the Alentejo region of Portugal were analysed. Exploratory data analysis and end-member mixing analysis (EMMA) were performed to estimate the water source mixing proportions. Residual analysis of principal components was used to identify the appropriate geochemical tracers and the number of end-members (water sources and flow paths), and their proportional contributions to streamflow were quantified. Spearman's rank correlation analysis was further used to identify nitrate origins in the streamflow. Results showed that, when using data from both wet and dry seasons, streamflow chemistry was strongly influenced by shallow groundwater. When only wet season data were modelled, streamflow chemistry was controlled and generated by three end-members: shallow groundwater, alluvial sediment pore water and precipitation. Isotope signatures of stream water were located mostly below the local meteoric water line (LMWL) and plotted along a local evaporation line (LEL), reflecting the permanence in the streamflow of shallow groundwater subjected to prior evaporation. Interpretation of isotope signatures during summer showed an isotopic enrichment in both streamflow and shallow groundwater. Measured and historical stream nitrate concentrations appeared to be strongly related to shallow groundwater. In addition, two hydrochemical data outliers for almost every solute from two sample points were identified by the analysis and could be related to local waste water outfalls. The results of this study have improved our understanding of water source contributions to streamflow in the catchment, and also yielded indications of nitrate consumption related to biogeochemical processes in the streamflow network. Moreover, we could conclude that the relatively limited geochemical spatial sample database used in this study was an adequate input for the end-member mixing analysis and diagnostic tools to quantify water sources and nitrate origins in the streamflow of the catchment.

scholarly journals Phosphorous Supply to a Eutrophic Artificial Lake: Sedimentary versus Groundwater Sources

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 563
Author(s):  
Wiebe Förster ◽  
Jan C. Scholten ◽  
Michael Schubert ◽  
Kay Knoeller ◽  
Nikolaus Classen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Pore Water ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Eutrophic Lake ◽  
Stable Water Isotopes ◽  
Artificial Lake ◽  
Sediment Pore Water ◽  
Mass Balance Models

The eutrophic Lake Eichbaumsee, a ~1 km long and 280 m wide (maximum water depth 16 m) dredging lake southeast of Hamburg (Germany), has been treated for water quality improvements using various techniques (i.e., aeration plants, removal of dissolved phosphorous by aluminum phosphorous precipitation, and by Bentophos® (Phoslock Environmental Technologies, Sydney, Australia), adsorption) during the past ~15 years. Despite these treatments, no long-term improvement of the water quality has been observed and the lake water phosphorous content has continued to increase by e.g., ~670 kg phosphorous between autumn 2014 and autumn 2019. As no creeks or rivers drain into the lake and hydrological groundwater models do not suggest any major groundwater discharge into the lake, sources of phosphorous (and other nutrients) are unknown. We investigated the phosphorous fluxes from sediment pore water and from groundwater in the water body of the lake. Sediment pore water was extracted from sediment cores recovered by divers in August 2018 and February 2019. Diffusive phosphorous fluxes from pore water were calculated based on phosphorus gradients. Stable water isotopes (δ2H, δ18O) were measured in the lake water, in interstitial waters in the banks surrounding the lake, in the Elbe River, and in three groundwater wells close to the lake. Stable isotope (δ2H, δ18O) water mass balance models were used to compute water inflow/outflow to/from the lake. Our results revealed pore-water borne phosphorous fluxes between 0.2 mg/m2/d and 1.9 mg/m2/d. Assuming that the measured phosphorous fluxes are temporarily and spatially representative for the whole lake, about 11 kg/a to 110 kg/a of phosphorous is released from sediments. This amount is lower than the observed lake water phosphorous increase of ~344 kg between April 2018 and November 2018. Water stable isotope (δ2H, δ18O) compositions indicate a water exchange between an aquifer and the lake water. Based on stable isotope mass balances we estimated an inflow of phosphorous from the aquifer to the lake of between ~150 kg/a and ~390 kg/a. This result suggests that groundwater-borne phosphorous is a significant phosphorous source for the Eichbaumsee and highlights the importance of groundwater for lake water phosphorous balances.

scholarly journals Spectral Characterization of Dissolved Organic Matter in Seawater and Sediment Pore Water from the Arctic Fjords (West Svalbard) in Summer

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 202
Author(s):  
Meilian Chen ◽  
Ji-Hoon Kim ◽  
Sungwook Hong ◽  
Yun Kyung Lee ◽  
Moo Hee Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Pore Water ◽  
Phytoplankton Bloom ◽  
Ocean Surface ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Sediment Pore Water ◽  
Ice Edge ◽  
Accumulation Trend ◽  
Arctic Fjords

Fjords in the high Arctic, as aquatic critical zones at the interface of land-ocean continuum, are undergoing rapid changes due to glacier retreat and climate warming. Yet, little is known about the biogeochemical processes in the Arctic fjords. We measured the nutrients and the optical properties of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in both seawater and sediment pore water, along with the remote sensing data of the ocean surface, from three West Svalbard fjords. A cross-fjord comparison of fluorescence fingerprints together with downcore trends of salinity, Cl−, and PO43− revealed higher impact of terrestrial inputs (fluorescence index: ~1.2–1.5 in seawaters) and glaciofluvial runoffs (salinity: ~31.4 ± 2.4 psu in pore waters) to the southern fjord of Hornsund as compared to the northern fjords of Isfjorden and Van Mijenfjorden, tallying with heavier annual runoff to the southern fjord of Hornsund. Extremely high levels of protein-like fluorescence (up to ~4.5 RU) were observed at the partially sea ice-covered fjords in summer, in line with near-ubiquity ice-edge blooms observed in the Arctic. The results reflect an ongoing or post-phytoplankton bloom, which is also supported by the higher levels of chlorophyll a fluorescence at the ocean surface, the very high apparent oxygen utilization through the water column, and the nutrient drawdown at the ocean surface. Meanwhile, a characteristic elongated fluorescence fingerprint was observed in the fjords, presumably produced by ice-edge blooms in the Arctic ecosystems. Furthermore, alkalinity and the humic-like peaks showed a general downcore accumulation trend, which implies the production of humic-like DOM via a biological pathway also in the glaciomarine sediments from the Arctic fjords.

scholarly journals Noble gases in sediment pore water yield insights into hydrothermal fluid transport in the northern Guaymas Basin

2021 ◽  
Vol 434 ◽  
pp. 106419
Author(s):  
E. Horstmann ◽  
Y. Tomonaga ◽  
M.S. Brennwald ◽  
M. Schmidt ◽  
V. Liebetrau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pore Water ◽  
Hydrothermal Fluid ◽  
Fluid Transport ◽  
Noble Gases ◽  
Water Yield ◽  
Sediment Pore Water ◽  
Guaymas Basin

The marine geochemistry of actinium-227: Evidence for its migration through sediment pore water

1990 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 1933-1936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiyuki Nozaki ◽  
Masatoshi Yamada ◽  
Hirofumi Nikaido
Keyword(s):  
Pore Water ◽  
Sediment Pore Water ◽  
Marine Geochemistry

scholarly journals Marine sediment pore-water profiles of phosphate d18O using a refined micro-extraction

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 110-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Goldhammer ◽  
Thomas Max ◽  
Benjamin Brunner ◽  
Florian Einsiedl ◽  
Matthias Zabel
Keyword(s):  
Pore Water ◽  
Marine Sediment ◽  
Sediment Pore Water
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