Environmental effects of historical mining in the Boulder River watershed, southwestern Montana

Fact Sheet ◽  
2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Nimick
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Effects ◽  
River Watershed ◽  
Historical Mining ◽  
Southwestern Montana

ADVANCING WATERSHED CUMULATIVE EFFECTS ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT: LESSONS FROM THE SOUTH SASKATCHEWAN RIVER WATERSHED, CANADA

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (04) ◽  
pp. 567-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRAM F. NOBLE ◽  
POORNIMA SHEELANERE ◽  
ROBERT PATRICK
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Cumulative Effects ◽  
The South ◽  
River Watershed ◽  
Cumulative Effects Assessment ◽  
South Saskatchewan River ◽  
Regulatory Capacity ◽  
Watershed Science ◽  
Effects Assessment

Watersheds are under increasing pressures from the cumulative environmental effects of human actions. Reviews of recent practice suggest that cumulative effects assessment and management (CEAM) has failed to capture the full range of stressors to Canada's watersheds. Indeed, the limitations to CEAM have been well documented; yet, there has been limited constructive evaluation to help explain why CEAM has failed to advance. In this paper we examine the underlying challenges to the assessment and management of cumulative effects in a watershed context. Based on lessons emerging from the South Saskatchewan watershed, Canada, challenges to CEAM in watersheds include stakeholder understanding and interpretation of cumulative effects; limitations in the scale of current EA practices in watersheds; data challenges; the lack of established thresholds for watershed effects; and lack of clarity regarding watershed science and regulatory capacity. The merits of a watershed-based approach to CEAM to help address these challenges to practice are explored.

Imaging molecules adsorbed onto electrodes under potential control by scanning probe microscopy

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 376-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.J. Tao ◽  
J.A. DeRose ◽  
P.I. Oden ◽  
S.M. Lindsay
Keyword(s):  
Surface Charge ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Scanning Probe Microscopy ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Electrochemical Methods ◽  
Surface Structures ◽  
Scanning Probe ◽  
Potential Control ◽  
Afm Imaging ◽  
Special Circumstances

Clemmer and Beebe have pointed out that surface structures on graphite substrates can be misinterpreted as biopolymer images in STM experiments. We have been using electrochemical methods to react DNA fragments onto gold electrodes for STM and AFM imaging. The adsorbates produced in this way are only homogeneous in special circumstances. Searching an inhomogeneous substrate for ‘desired’ images limits the value of the data. Here, we report on a reversible method for imaging adsorbates. The molecules can be lifted onto and off the substrate during imaging. This leaves no doubt about the validity or statistical significance of the images. Furthermore, environmental effects (such as changes in electrolyte or surface charge) can be investigated easily.

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