Pathways of metal transfer from mineralized sources to biorecptors: A synthesis of the Mineral Resources Program's past environmental studies in the Western United States and future research directions

10.3133/b2191 ◽  
2002 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Environmental Studies ◽  
Metal Transfer ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Future Research Directions

Examining the Factorial Validity of the Entrepreneurial Career Motives Scale: A Five-Nation Comparison

2020 ◽  
pp. 089484531989887
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Affum-Osei ◽  
Sharon G. Goto ◽  
June Chun Yeung ◽  
Rong Wang ◽  
Hodar Lam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Factorial Validity ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Career Motives

This study validates Shane et al.’s Entrepreneurial Career Motives Scale across nations. A total sample of 948 undergraduate and postgraduate students from five nations (China = 229, Hong Kong = 213, Holland = 136, United States = 155, and Ghana = 215) were recruited to complete a survey designed to measure their entrepreneurial motives and other related constructs. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the hypothesized four-factor structure, namely, perceived recognition, sense of independence, pursuit of learning, and perceived roles. Results of the measurement invariance comparisons satisfactorily established measurement equivalence of the scale across nations, language versions, and genders. Both convergent and discriminant validities were established as the motives were associated with different constructs in an expected manner. Interestingly, different patterns in the entrepreneurial career motives emerged across nations. Overall, our findings provide support for the construct validity of the Entrepreneurial Motives Scale. Implications for practice, limitations, and future research directions are discussed.

scholarly journals Interactions between blending and identity concealment: Effects on non-binary people’s distress and experiences of victimization

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0248970
Author(s):  
Sana Flynn ◽  
Nathan Grant Smith
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Identity Concealment ◽  
Future Research Directions

Identity concealment (whether or not a person is open with others about their transgender status) and passing/blending (how much a transgender person can, or chooses to, blend into the binary social environment) have been shown to impact transgender people’s experiences in various ways, but few studies examine these constructs in the lives of non-binary individuals (those whose gender identity does not fall exclusively into the categories of man or woman). This study analyzed the non-binary subset of the nationwide sample from the 2015 United States Transgender Survey (9,769 participants) to examine the effects of blending/passing and identity concealment on distress and victimization. When ethnicity and income were controlled for, low concealers reported higher distress and more victimization experiences than high concealers, and blenders reported more distress and fewer victimization experiences than non-blenders. Not concealing may put non-binary people at higher risk for victimization, but blending into the binary-gendered environment may increase distress through identity erasure. Implications are discussed and future research directions are suggested.

Online Child Pornography

2012 ◽  
pp. 847-854
Author(s):  
Catherine D. Marcum ◽  
George E. Higgins
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Child Pornography ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Empirical Knowledge ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Legislative History ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Research Directions

This entry provides an examination of the past and present prevalence and issues surrounding online child pornography in the United States. Legal definitions of child pornography are explained, followed by an analysis of the current empirical knowledge on the topic, as well as the legal and legislative history. Finally, a brief discussion of the future research directions on the topic will be discussed.

Ukrainian migrants in Poland: Socio-economic inclusion or exclusion?

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 739-744
Author(s):  
Weronika A Kusek
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Pull Factors ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Growing Economy

Poland is an important country to study when assessing migration. In fact, many scholars who focus on migration and its impact on the local economy, in relation to Poland, focus on Polish migrants living and working in countries such as the United Kingdom, United States, Canada, or Australia. This viewpoint presents a different focus by addressing the need to conduct more work on migrants who are coming to Poland to work to fulfill labor shortages and take advantage of the country’s growing economy. Specifically this paper will look at Ukrainians who are migrating to Poland. The viewpoint will focus on push/pull factors and touch on aspects of the lived experience of Ukrainian migrants in Poland. This paper helps identify some observed trends from interviews to identify future research directions related to socio-economic inclusion or exclusion.

scholarly journals Macroalgal Defense against Competitors and Herbivores

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 7865
Author(s):  
Gracjana Budzałek ◽  
Sylwia Śliwińska-Wilczewska ◽  
Kinga Wiśniewska ◽  
Agnieszka Wochna ◽  
Iwona Bubak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Aquatic Animal ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Allelopathic Effects ◽  
Careful Investigation ◽  
Allelopathic Compounds

Macroalgae are the source of many harmful allelopathic compounds, which are synthesized as a defense strategy against competitors and herbivores. Therefore, it can be predicted that certain species reduce aquaculture performance. Herein, the allelopathic ability of 123 different taxa of green, red, and brown algae have been summarized based on literature reports. Research on macroalgae and their allelopathic effects on other animal organisms was conducted primarily in Australia, Mexico, and the United States. Nevertheless, there are also several scientific reports in this field from South America and Asia; the study areas in the latter continents coincide with areas where aquaculture is highly developed and widely practiced. Therefore, the allelopathic activity of macroalgae on coexisting animals is an issue that is worth careful investigation. In this work, we characterize the distribution of allelopathic macroalgae and compare them with aquaculture locations, describe the methods for the study of macroalgal allelopathy, present the taxonomic position of allelopathic macroalgae and their impact on coexisting aquatic competitors (Cnidaria) and herbivores (Annelida, Echinodermata, Arthropoda, Mollusca, and Chordata), and compile information on allelopathic compounds produced by different macroalgae species. This work gathers the current knowledge on the phenomenon of macroalgal allelopathy and their allelochemicals affecting aquatic animal (competitors and predators) worldwide and it provides future research directions for this topic.

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