scholarly journals AN EARLY ESTIMATION TECHNIQUE FOR SOIL CEMENT STRENGTH AT PILE BASE BULB OF BORED PRECAST PILE BASED ON A CEMENT WATER RATIO

2019 ◽  
Vol 84 (761) ◽  
pp. 927-935
Author(s):  
Yuya YODA ◽  
Yoshiharu ASAKA ◽  
Yuka YAMATO ◽  
Takumi KIMURA ◽  
Satoru KISHIDA
Keyword(s):  
Estimation Technique ◽  
Soil Cement ◽  
Cement Strength ◽  
Water Ratio

scholarly journals Early estimation soil‐cement for enlarged bases in bored precast piling method based on cement‐water ratio

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-480
Author(s):  
Yuya Yoda ◽  
Yoshiharu Asaka ◽  
Yuka Yamato ◽  
Takumi Kimura ◽  
Satoru Kishida
Keyword(s):  
Soil Cement ◽  
Water Ratio

ANALYSIS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ON SANDY CLAY BRICKS WITH CEMENT MIX

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 99-112
Author(s):  
PHARAM SINGH THAPA ◽  
◽  
GOVIND PRASAD LAMICHHANE ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Cement Content ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Sandy Clay ◽  
Soil Cement ◽  
Structural Durability ◽  
Cement Strength

In order to contribute to the sustainability of the brick construction sector, this work studied the formation of economic and environment friendly sandy clay brick. Therefore, the goal was set to be developed, a “sandy clay brick with cement mix”, which has more structural durability, less weight, low cost, together with high performance with respect to indoor air quality. In this research, variation on soil – cement brick with gradual increase in cement content replacing soil material and how the soil- cement brick may be studied using soil and cement as binder by fulfilling the requirement of National Building Code (NBC). The water cement ratio was kept controlled and all other material properties used were same. The effect was seen on compressive strength because the 28 days strength of brick is slightly more when soil is replaced by 15% cement content then no replacement of soil by cement strength. Taking about 11 samples starting from 0 % to 50 % cement content it was found that sandy clay soil – cement brick with compressive strength up to 23.44 MPa with traditional value may be achieved.

Innovative Extraction Techniques for the Optimum Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Peanut Meal and Evaluation of Their Biological Activities

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Carcinoma Cell ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Peanut Meal ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Carcinoma Cell Lines ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Phenolic Extract ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted ◽  
Water Ratio

There is a worldwide demand for phenolic compounds (PC) because they exhibit several biological activities. This work aimed at extracting phenolic compounds from peanut meal. The methods of extraction were mainly: conventional solvent extraction (traditional methods) and ultrasound assisted extraction (recent methods) and comparing their results. Peanut meal (PM) was prepared by defatting with n-hexane, and then extracted by the two previous methods. First, the conventional solvents used were 80% methanol, ethanol, acetone, isopropanol, and distilled water. Then studied Different parameters such as meal: water ratio, also the effect of temperature and the pH on the extraction process. Second, ultrasonic assisted extractions (USAE), the parameters investigated were temperature, time and speed of sonication. Finally, all the extracts were analyzed by HPLC for their phenolic contents. Results indicated that the highest extracted PC achieved by solvents was in distilled water where 1:100, Meal: Water ratio which extracted 40 mg PC / g PM at 30& 35°C. Highest extracted PC was achieved by alkaline medium at pH 12 more than acidic and neutral medium. While (USAE) at speed 8 ultrasonication and temperature 30ᵒC, extracted 49.2mg PC /g PM. Sothe ultrasound assisted extraction exhibited great influence on the extraction of phenolic compounds from peanut meal. The ultrasonic peanut extract was examined for its antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticarcinogenic activities. The antioxidant activity of PM phenolic extract prepared by ultrasonic technique, was measured by, β-carotene, and DPPH methods, and reducing antioxidant power. Results revealed values: 84.57, 57.72 and 5960 respectively. The PM extract showed different levels of antimicrobial activity against the pathogenic bacteria used. As for the anticarcinogenic effect PM phenolic extract most effective on inhibiting colon carcinoma and lung carcinoma cell lines with IC50 = 20.7 and 20.8 µ/ml., respectively. This was followed by intestinal carcinoma and liver carcinoma cell lines with IC50= 39.6 and 40.2µ/ml.

Potential of Palm Oil Empty Fruit Bunch as Biogas Substrate

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Vincentius Vincentius ◽  
Evita H. Legowo ◽  
Irvan S. Kartawiria
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Wastewater Sludge ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The One ◽  
Wet Fermentation ◽  
Water Ratio

Natural gas is a source of energy that comes from the earth which is depleting every day, an alternative source of energy is needed and one of the sources comes from biogas. There is an abundance of empty fruit bunch (EFB) that comes from palm oil plantation that can become a substrate for biogas production. A methodology of fermentation based on Verein Deutscher Ingenieure was used to utilize EFB as a substrate to produce biogas using biogas sludge and wastewater sludge as inoculum in wet fermentation process under mesophilic condition. Another optimization was done by adding a different water ratio to the inoculum mixture. In 20 days, an average of 6gr from 150gr of total EFB used in each sample was consumed by the microbes. The best result from 20 days of experiment with both biogas sludge and wastewater sludge as inoculum were the one added with 150gr of water that produced 2910ml and 2185ml of gas respectively. The highest CH 4 produced achieved from biogas sludge and wastewater sludge with an addition of 150gr of water to the inoculum were 27% and 22% CH 4 respectively. This shows that biogas sludge is better in term of volume of gas that is produced and CH percentage.

Ground Improvement. Recycle of Construction Sludge in Soil-Cement Diaphragm Walls.

2000 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
Takeo SUZUKI ◽  
Toshimitsu KUNITO ◽  
Motohiro NISHI
Keyword(s):  
Ground Improvement ◽  
Soil Cement ◽  
Diaphragm Walls

Pengaruh Penambahan Air pada Pengolahan Susu Kedelai

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Priscillia Picauly ◽  
Josefina Talahatu ◽  
Meitycorfrida Mailoa
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Sweet Taste ◽  
Soya Milk ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Soybean Extract ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Water Ratio

Soybean (Glycine max (L) Merr) is needed as an alternative diversification in order to increase protein consumption. Soybean can be processed into variety of foods and drinks. The most popular drink from soybean is soya milk which is made from soybean extract yielded from the addition of water. The amount of water added determine the quality of soya milk due to its effect on the chemical and physical properties of soya milk. This research was intended to find out the proper ratio of soybean and water in the processing of soya milk to yield the best quality. A completely randomized design was used with eight treatments of soybean and water ratio as follows, ratio of 1 : 6, ratio of 1 : 8, ratio of 1 : 10, ratio of 1 : 12, ratio of 1 : 14, ratio of 1 : 16, ratio of 1 : 18 and ratio of 1 : 20. Result showed the soybean and water ratio 1 : 10 in the processing of soya milk yielded milk having good quality according to its chemical with protein content of 2.53%, fat of 1.20%, sugar total of 1.60%, pH of 7.1, and organoleptic characteristies of both somewhat sweet taste and viscous texture.

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