scholarly journals Screening of Thyroid Disorder among Pregnant Ladies in a Tertiary Hospital of Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-239
Author(s):  
Biloni Shrestha ◽  
P. Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
College Teaching ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Physiological Changes In Pregnancy ◽  
Antithyroid Peroxidase Antibody ◽  
In Pregnancy

Thyroid disorders (TD) are the second most common endocrine disorders seen in pregnancy. Many physiological changes in pregnancy lead to hypothyroidism in pregnancy. Hypothyroid in pregnancy is associated with many adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Objective of this study was to find the prevalence of TD in pregnancy in Nepal Medical College Teaching Hospital (NMCTH), Antithyroid Peroxidase Antibody (TPO-Ab) positive cases with hypothyroidism and to evaluate maternal fetal outcome in hypothyroid pregnancies. This was a prospective hospital based observational study. The study was done in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NMCTH from August 2018 to July 2019. Among 420 pregnant ladies 71.0% were euthyroid, 25.7% were hypothyroid (25.2%of subclinical and 0.5% overt), 3.3% were hyperthyroid (0.7% of overt) and 6.4% were TPO-Abpositive with hypothyroidism. Inspite of treatment, Gestational hypertention, Pre-eclampsea and LSCS is significantly high in hypothyroid pregnancy than euthyroid pregnancy. High prevalence of hypothyroidism in this study necessitates universal screening of TD at first trimester of pregnancy.

scholarly journals The study of maternal and fetal outcome in pregnant women with thyroid disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 3507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sreelatha S. ◽  
Seema Nadagoudar ◽  
Asha Devi L.
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
Neonatal Hypothyroidism ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Thyroid disorders are among the common endocrine disorders in pregnant women after diabetes mellitus. Several changes are observed in maternal thyroid function during pregnancy and failure to adapt to these physiological changes results in thyroid dysfunction. It is well established that not only overt, but subclinical thyroid dysfunction also has adverse effect on mother and the fetus, like miscarriages, preterm delivery, preeclampsia, eclampsia, polihydromnios, placental abruption, post-partum haemorrhage, low birth weight, neonatal hypothyroidism. Decreased availability of thyroid hormones may also impair neurological and intellectual development of foetus. With this background, we are conducting a study to know the effect of thyroid disorders on pregnancy and its maternal and the fetal outcome.Methods: The present study was conducted in ESI Hospital Rajaji Nagar, Bangalore. It is a prospective study which involved 100 patients diagnosed to have thyroid disorder during their antenatal checkup in the first trimister. It also includes known cases of thyroid disorder. TSH level was estimated. If it is deranged, then FT3 and FT4 levels estimated. Patients were managed accordingly and followed till delivery. Their obstetric and perinatal outcomes were noted.Results: In our study out of 100 cases, 96 cases are subclinical hypohyroid and 4 cases are subclinical hyperthyroid. Subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnancy are associated with abortions (2.1%), Anaemia (4.20%), PIH (14.7%), GDM (4.2%), Preterm labour (3.1%), oligohydromnios (16.67%), Lscs (22.9%), PPH (6.3%), LBW (21.9%), Hyperbilirubinemia (9.4%), NICU admission (14.6%), Which are co-relatine with other studies and hyperthyroid cases in our study were not sufficient for outcome analysis.Conclusions: Thyroid disorders in pregnancy have adverse effects on maternal and fetal outcome emphasizing the importance of routine antenatal thyroid screening.

scholarly journals Prevalence of hypothyroidism amongst pregnant women: a study done in rural set up

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy S. Pillai ◽  
Jemela Bennet
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intellectual Development ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Overt Hypothyroidism ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Thyroid disorders are the commonest endocrine disorders affecting women of reproductive age group. The most frequent thyroid disorder in pregnancy is maternal hypothyroidism. During early pregnancy the foetus is totally dependent on maternal thyroid hormone supply. Thyroid hormone is critical for foetal brain and intellectual development and some preventable conditions like abruption, pre-eclampsia etc. which produce morbidity and pose special risk for pregnancy and the developing foetus.Methods: All subjects enrolled in the study as per the inclusion criteria will be subjected to a detailed history and clinical examination using a predesigned proforma. A serum TSH value will be sent in 1st trimester between 6-10 weeks period of gestation for all pregnant women.Results: The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy was 10.8% with hypothyroidism being 9.2%, out of which 8.5% were cases of subclinical hypothyroidism and 0.7% were cases of overt hypothyroidism. On assessing the risk factors for developing thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy, increases in incidence were seen with maternal age and increasing BMI, both of which were statistically significant.Conclusions: This study showed an increased prevalence of hypothyroidism in pregnancy recommending a need for universal screening for all pregnant women in the first trimester itself. This study aims at validating the efficacy of the above-mentioned screening.

scholarly journals A prospective clinical trial to evaluate the prevalence of thyroid disorder among pregnant women and obstetrical and fetal outcome in a tertiary health centre located in central India

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 3393
Author(s):  
Manjari G. Jain ◽  
Neeraj K. Jain ◽  
Mita Mazumdar
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
Prospective Clinical Trial ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Overt Hypothyroidism ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
Medical College

Background: A prospective clinical trial to evaluate the prevalence of thyroid disorder among pregnant women and obstetrical and fetal outcome was done in a tertiary health centre (RKDF Medical College and Research Centre, Bhopal) located in central India.Methods: This prospective study was carried out in antenatal women in their first trimester attending antenatal OPD in RKDF Medical College and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh to know the prevalence of thyroid disorder and its association with pregnancy outcome.Results: In this study prevalence of thyroid disorder was 12.4%, subclinical hypothyroidism 7.2%, overt hypothyroidism 3.4%, subclinical hyperthyroidism 1.4%, overt hyperthyroidism 0.4%. Thyroid disorder is responsible for several obstetrical and fetal complication like pre-eclampsia, preterm delivery, abortion, IUGR and low birth weight.Conclusions: Thyroid disorder associated with poor obstetrical outcome and fetal complication. so timely diagnosis and treatment is required. Universal screening should be preferred over high-risk screening because of high prevalence of the disease in India.

scholarly journals Thyroid dysfunction among Indian pregnant women and its effect on the maternal and fetal outcome

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 893
Author(s):  
Aditi Jain ◽  
Raksha M. ◽  
Kanakalatha D. Nakum
Keyword(s):  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
Overt Hypothyroidism ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Thyroid Disorder

Background: Screening of thyroid disorders in antenatal women during first trimester, to recommend management of thyroid disorder during pregnancy and to know the maternal and fetal outcome of such pregnancy.Methods: This is a prospective study for the incidence of thyroid disorder in early pregnancy and the outcome of such pregnancy. 100 cases were randomly selected from the antenatal clinic at a tertiary care hospital in India and after fulfilling the inclusion criteria they were subjected to screening for thyroid disorder till 13 weeks of pregnancy. TSH is often considered the “gold standard” for assessing thyroid function. If the participant had normal value then she was not subjected to follow up, but if abnormal, then follow up was done after 4-8 weeks, thyroid profile was repeated and if values were altered, they were medically managed and closely monitored. The obstetric and perinatal outcome of the pregnancy was noted.Results: In this screening study to detect and manage thyroid disorder, 100 antenatal women were selected randomly, from which 49 women where primigravidae and 51 women were multi-gravidae, 17 of them were of <20years, 54 were between 21 to 25 years. There was 5 percent incidence of thyroid disorder in the study group. There were 3 cases of hyperthyroidism and 2 cases of overt hypothyroidism which had poor fetal and maternal outcome on follow up.Conclusions: Our study shows that the evaluation of thyroid disorders in early pregnancy and timely intervention will lead to a decrease in the complications thereby improving the maternal and fetal outcome.

scholarly journals Prevalence of thyroid disorders in pregnancy

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 3493
Author(s):  
Sangeeta Pahwa ◽  
Sabia Mangat
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
Overt Hypothyroidism ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Subclinical Hyperthyroidism ◽  
Thyroid Screening ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Thyroid disorders are among the common endocrine problems in pregnant women. Often overlooked in pregnancy due to nonspecific symptoms and hyper-metabolic state of pregnancy. Western literature shows prevalence of hypothyroidism in pregnancy as 2.5% and hypothyroidism as 0.1-0.4%. There is paucity of data on prevalence of thyroid disorders in India pregnant population. This study was carried out to know prevalence of thyroid disorders in pregnant women in Indian population.Methods: One hundred pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in first trimester were registered. Detailed history and examination was done. Apart from routine basic and obstetrical investigations, TSH, FT3 and FT4 level estimation was done.Results: Prevalence of thyroid dysfunction was high in this study in first trimester pregnant women, with subclinical hypothyroidism in 6%, overt hypothyroidism in 2%, subclinical hyperthyroidism 2 % and overt hyperthyroidism 0%.Conclusions: Prevalence of thyroid disorders, especially subclinical hypothyroidism (6%), overt hypothyroidism (2%) and subclinical hyperthyroidism (2%) was high. To prevent adverse effects on maternal and fetal outcome, we are emphasizing the importance of routine antenatal thyroid screening.

scholarly journals Nutritional Status of Under-Five Children in Western Nepal

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bandana Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Who Classification ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Standard Technique ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Medical College ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
A Prospective Study

Introduction: Undernutrition is a major health problem in developing countries which may have adverse effects on growth and development of an individual. The objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence and grades of malnutrition in children below 60 months of age, attending outpatient department at Gandaki Medical College teaching hospital.Materials and Methods: A prospective study was conducted among 556 children below 60 months of age from August to December 2013. Weight and length/height were measured using standard technique and were plotted on WHO centiles curves and severity determined based on WHO classification. The prevalence of underweight, stunting and wasting were determined by anthropometry.Results: Based on WHO classification, out of 556 children, 20.2% were underweight, 34% were stunted and 15.1% were wasted respectively. Of them, severe underweight were 4.7%, severe stunted were 14.1% and severe wasted were 7.2% respectively.Conclusion: A high prevalence of undernutrition exists in under- five children attending a tertiary hospital in a western region of Nepal.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v34i2.10566J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2014;34(2):119-124      

scholarly journals Assessment of Thyroid Function in Early Pregnancy

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Mohammad Saifur Rahman ◽  
Sadia Sultana ◽  
Ayesha Nazneen
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
In Pregnancy

<p><strong>Objectives:  </strong>Thyroid disorders are commonly observed in pregnancy. Thyroid hormones play an important role in embryogenesis and fetal development. The fetus is completely dependent on the mother for thyroid hormone in first trimester. About 10% of all pregnant women can be affected by thyroid disorders during pregnancy. Thyroid function abnormalities in pregnancy are a challenge for the concerned physicians.  The objective of this study was to assess the maternal thyroid function in first trimester of pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Patients and Methods: </strong>A descriptive cross sectional study was carried out at the Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Dhaka over a period of one year from January 2013 to December 2013 to see the serum FT<sub>3</sub>, FT<sub>4</sub>, TSH, thyroid antibodies level and common thyroid disorders in pregnancy. A total of 138 pregnant women in their first trimester (up to 12 weeks) of pregnancy with an age range of 18-35 years were enrolled in this study. Pregnant women with known thyroid disorder and on treatment and pregnancy more than three months were excluded. Measurement of serum FT<sub>3</sub>, FT<sub>4</sub>, TSH, Anti TPO-Ab and Anti TG-Ab were done in each patient at the time of enrolment. Ultrasonography of each patient was done for confirmation of pregnancy and correlation of gestational age.</p><p><strong>Results:  </strong>Among 138 pregnant women, subclinical hypothyroidism was detected in 10 (7.2%) patients and subclinical hyperthyroidism was detected in 3 (2.2%) patients. Mean difference of the investigation findings were not statistically significant among primi and multi gravida. TPO-Ab and TG-Ab difference were statistically significant between two age groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Subclinical thyroid disorders are fairly high among pregnant women. Correct diagnosis in early pregnancy and prompt treatment will bring an excellent prognosis for both mother and offspring.</p><p>Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 19(2): 98-102, July 2016</p>

scholarly journals Study of Maternal and Fetal Outcome in Pregnancy with Heart Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharmin Abbasi ◽  
Sehereen Farhad Siddiqua ◽  
Shifin Rijvi ◽  
Salma Akhtar ◽  
Benozir Haque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Nyha Class ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
Functional Class ◽  
Maternal Complications ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Heart disease complicating pregnancy is an important indirect cause of maternal mortality and morbidity. Maternal heart disease comprises .2%-2% of pregnancies and responsible for 10%-20% of maternal deaths1. Our study was done to evaluate fetomaternal outcomes in pregnancy with heart disease.Objectives: Evaluation of fetomaternal outcome in pregnant patients with cardiac disease. Materials andMethods: This observational study was done in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University and Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Hospital among 51 pregnant women with known or newly diagnosed heart disease from January 2013-january 2015. Baseline data recorded demographic character, NYHA functional class, maternal complications, mode of delivery and neonatal outcome.Results: Among 51 cardiac patients, 32 (63%) were primigravida. Mostly 46 (90.6%) belonging to NYHA Class I and II. Rheumatic heart disease seen in 45 (87%) and congenital heart disease in 10% subjects. Mitral stenosis was the most common, seen in 22 (41%) cases. 47.33% patients were delivered vaginally and LSCS done in 41% patients. The fetal outcome were live births in (96.6%) cases, (27.4%) babies required NICU admission.Conclusion: An improvement in modern techniques of monitoring, better understanding of pathophysiology of cardiac disease and multi disciplinary care can lead to substantial improvement in the feto maternal outcome.Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 8, No. 2: Jul 2017, P 112-116

scholarly journals Study on pyrexia in pregnancy and labour with special emphasis on fetomaternal outcome

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 4414
Author(s):  
Shabana Sultan ◽  
Reena Parihar ◽  
Poorva Badkur
Keyword(s):  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynaecology ◽  
Maternal Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Fetal Complications ◽  
Gandhi Medical College ◽  
Common Clinical Problem ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Pyrexia in pregnancy is a very common clinical problem worldwide. Fever during pregnancy causes significant maternal and fetal complications. Fetus being an integral part of the feto-maternal unit and pregnancy involving numerous physiological changes and adaptations, pyrexia during the pregnancy affects both the mother and her foetus adversely. Effect of pyrexia on pregnancy depends on the extent of the rise in the temperature.Methods: This is a prospective observational hospital-based study conducted over a period of 1 year from march 2018 to February 2019 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sultania Zanana Hospital, Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal.Results: Total no. of antenatal admission in Hospital during study period were 15354. Total 306 cases of pyrexia in pregnancy were found during the study period. Incidence of pyrexia in pregnancy in our study during study period was found 2%.Conclusions: The present study has demonstrated a need for multidisciplinary approach in cases of pregnancy complicated with pyrexia and also higher risk of maternal morbidity and mortality in un-booked patients. We found that pregnancy outcomes were good in booked cases with regular checkup. Early detection and management of patients with pyrexia can certainly help to improve maternal and fetal outcome. This also shows that multidisciplinary approach should extent throughout antenatal, intra-partum and postpartum period.

scholarly journals Study of thyroid hormones in pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 4086
Author(s):  
Madhu Juneja ◽  
Salil Barsode ◽  
Tushar Panchanadikar
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Systemic Examination ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: Thyroid disorder is often overlooked in pregnant women this is because of nonspecific symptoms and hyper metabolic state of normal pregnancy. To evaluate the thyroid function in pregnant women in all the three trimesters and to study their impact on pregnancy outcome.Methods: A prospective study in 200 randomly selected antenatal cases was carried out during a period of two years in a tertiary care medical college in Western Maharashtra. A detailed general and systemic examination was carried out and Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) was done in all cases. Any case with an abnormal TSH level was further tested for T3 T4 levels.Results: The mean TSH level was 1.6 µIU/l which was less than the standard cut off of 2.5 µIU/l. 61% had decreasing level of TSH with advanced gestation. An abnormal thyroid function was seen in 8.5% cases.Conclusions: Standardization of TSH, T3, T4 is still a concern as it varies significantly in different studies. Estimation of TSH with T3 T4 could not be correlated during pregnancy with advancing gestational age. The real impact of hypo/hyperthyroidism on fetal outcome could not be statistically established.

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