scholarly journals Profile of Cosmetic Consultation in a General Dermatology Clinic

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-194
Author(s):  
Deeptara Pathak Thapa ◽  
S Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Dermatology Department ◽  
Dermatology Clinic ◽  
Bachelors Degree ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Chemical Peeling ◽  
Cosmetic Dermatology ◽  
Aesthetic Procedures ◽  
Modern Technologies

Cosmetic Dermatology has garnered tremendous interest all over the world. With the advent of modern technologies and developments, demand for non-surgical aesthetic procedures is on a rise. The purpose of the study is to know the types of cosmetic consultations and procedures being done in a General Dermatology setup. Patients who visited outpatient dermatology department of a multi-specialty, Nidan Hospital, Lalitpur, between May 2017 to April 2018 were included. Details of patients’ demographic profile were filled in a preset performa. Other information related to cosmetic consultation including dermatological diagnosis, awareness of cosmetic procedures and cosmetic procedures etc were also included. 160 patients attended the dermatology outpatient during the study period. Seventy four percent of them were females. Thirty six percent of the cases were between 26years and 35 years. Forty three percent of the cohort were working. Majority of them had Bachelors degree (57%). Twenty six patients who attended the OPD wanted cosmetic consultation. The type of cosmetic consultation, majority sought for was wrinkles (37%). Among the cosmetic procedures performed, chemical peeling was done in 59%, mesotherapy in 16%, mole removal in 12% and remaining 13% underwent topical treatment. Statistical significance was seen between Cosmetic consultation and economic status (p=0.000) and between cosmetic consultation and employment status (p=0.007). Almost a quarter of patients attending a general dermatology OPD sought cosmetic consultation. Females, young adults who are employed, well-educated and from good socio-economic status seek cosmetic services.

scholarly journals Deep Neck infections of Odontogenic Origin and Their Clinical Significance. A Retrospective Study from Hradec Králové, Czech Republic

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 86-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Doležalová ◽  
Josef Zemek ◽  
Luboš Tuček
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Airway Patency ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Odontogenic Origin ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Cellulitis remains a very serious disease even today. Mortality, which varied between 10–40%, has been reduced owing to the standard securing of airway patency and use of an appropriate surgical treatment approach. Materials and methods: A total of 195 patients were hospitalised for cellulitis at the University Hospital in Hradec Králové during 2007–2011. The following parameters were evaluated: age, gender, dependence of incidence of the disease on the season of the year, frequency of attacks of the particular areas and their clinical characteristics, aetiology of the inflammation, types of patient complaints, prevalence of current systemic diseases, results of microbiological and selected laboratory analyses, socio-economic status of the patients, and duration of patient stay at the hospital. Statistical analysis was performed by using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, the statistical significance level was p < 0.05. Results: The mean age of the patients was 39.8 years. The group of 195 patients included 108 (55%) males and 87 (45%) females. The mean time between the first symptoms of the disease and admission to the Department was 5 days. From among the 195 patients, 116 (59.5%) were working persons, 79 (40.5%) were non-working (children, students, unemployed persons, women on maternity leave, retired people). The odontogenic origin of the disease was verified in 173 (88.7%) patients. In total, 65 (33.3%) patients had no coinciding complicating systemic disease, 22 (11.3%) patients had diabetes mellitus. The most frequent symptom of cellulitis was painful swelling, found in 194 (99.5%) patients, followed by jaw contracture, found in 153 (78.5%) patients. Conclusion: The results are largely very similar to those of previous studies performed in other countries, except that we found no correlation between the prevalence of cellulitis and the socio-economic status, nor have we confirmed Klebsiella pneumoniae sp. as the cause of cellulitis in patients with diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Associations between changes in behavioral difficulties and levels of problematic smartphone use in adolescents over a 1-year period

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Poulain ◽  
Mandy Vogel ◽  
Tobias Kliesener ◽  
Wieland Kiess
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Behavioral Difficulties ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Problematic Smartphone Use ◽  
Smartphone Use ◽  
Strengths And Difficulties ◽  
T1 And T2

Abstract Objectives The present longitudinal study investigates associations between changes in externalizing and internalizing behavioral difficulties and changes in problematic smartphone usage within the same 1-year period in healthy adolescents. Methods The project is part of the LIFE Child cohort study conducted in Leipzig, Germany. Ten- to 16-year-old adolescents (n = 363) provided information on behavioral difficulties [Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)], the duration of daily smartphone use, and symptoms of smartphone addiction [Smartphone Addiction Proneness Scale (SAPS)] at two consecutive study visits, t1 and t2 (1 year after t1). In the first of two analysis phases, we applied linear regression analyses to assess cross-sectional associations between externalizing and internalizing behavioral difficulties and the duration of smartphone use and symptoms of smartphone addiction (at t1 and t2). In the second, we assessed associations between the changes measured in these variables over the period of a year. All associations were adjusted for age, sex, and soci-economic status. Results Children who reported prolonged periods of smartphone use or more symptoms of smartphone addiction exhibited significantly higher levels of externalizing and internalizing behavioral difficulties at t1 and t2. Further, children who increased their usage or developed addiction symptoms between t1 and t2 also developed more externalizing behavioral difficulties. We found the same tendencies in regard to internalizing behavioral difficulties, although the associations did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions The present findings suggest that externalizing behavioral difficulties and problematic smartphone use are mutually dependent in the long term.

Trends in inequalities in childhood stunting in Ethiopia from 2000 to 2016: a cross sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betregiorgis Zegeye ◽  
Gebretsadik Shibre ◽  
Dina Idriss-Wheeler ◽  
Sanni Yaya
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Population Attributable Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Uncertainty Interval ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Agenda 2030

Abstract Background The decrease in the magnitude of stunting over the past 20 years has been slow in Ethiopia. To date, in Ethiopia, the trends in and extent of inequality in stunting have not been investigated using methods suitably developed for disparity studies. This paper investigated both the extent and overtime dynamics of stunting inequality in Ethiopia over the last 17 years. Methods Using the World Health Organization’s Health Equity Assessment Toolkit software, data from the Ethiopia Demographic and Health surveys (EDHS) were analyzed between 2000 and 2016. The inequality analysis consisted of disaggregated rates of stunting using five equity stratifiers (economic status, education, residence, region and sex) and four summary measures (Difference, Population Attributable risk, Ratio and Absolute Concentration Index). A 95% uncertainty interval was constructed around point estimates to measure statistical significance. Results The study showed that both absolute and relative inequalities in stunting exist in all the studied years in Ethiopia. The inequality disfavors children of mothers who are poor, uneducated and living in rural areas and specific regions such as Amhara. The pro-rich (R = 1.2; 1.1, 1.3 in 2000 to R = 1.7; 1.4, 2 in 2016) and pro-educated (R = 1.6; 95%UI = 1.3, 1.9 in 2000 and R = 2.3; 95%UI = 1.5, 3 in 2011) inequalities slightly increased with time. Male children bear a disproportionately higher burden of stunting, and the disparity increased between the first and the last time points (PAR = −1.5 95%UI = −2.5, −0.6 in 2000 and PAR = −2.9 95%UI = −3.9, −1.9) based on complex measures but remained constant with simple measures (R = 1; 95%UI = 0.9, 1.1 in 2000 and R = 1.1 95%UI = 1, 1.2 in 2016). Similarly, both the sub-national regional and residence-related stunting disparities generally widened over time according to some of the inequality measures. Conclusions Stunting appeared to be highly prevalent among certain sub-groups (i.e. poor, uneducated and living in rural regions). The subpopulations experiencing excessively high stunting prevalence should be the focus of policy makers’ attention as they work to achieve the WHO 40% reduction in stunting target by 2025 and the UN Agenda 2030 for Sustainable Development Goals.

scholarly journals Acute Post Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis among Children from Sokoto, North-Western Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-36
Author(s):  
Fatima Bello Jiya ◽  
Paul Kehinde Ibitoye ◽  
Nma Muhammed Jiya ◽  
Mohammed Hassan Abba
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Systemic Hypertension ◽  
P Value ◽  
Post Discharge ◽  
Paediatric Unit ◽  
Post Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis

Aims: To determine the clinical and laboratory profile of children with acute post streptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN) admitted into Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital (UDUTH) Sokoto, the outcome, and factors associated with in-hospital mortality. Study Design: A 5- year retrospective study. Place of Study: Emergency Paediatric Unit (EPU) and Paediatric Medical Ward (PMW) of the Department of Paediatrics, UDUTH Sokoto. Methodology: The records of children aged 4 to 14 years with the diagnosis of APSGN were reviewed. Relevant history, physical examination findings, laboratory and radiologic investigation findings were extracted from their case folders and recorded into a proforma sheet. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23. (IBM SPSS Inc., USA). The level of statistical significance was set at 5%, which is p-value < 0.05. Results: Fifty-four (0.9%) of the 6128 children were managed for APSGN giving a prevalence of 10.8 APSGN cases per 1000 children. Forty-one folders were utilized for the study. There were 21(51.2%) females and 20(48.8%) males, with F:M ratio of 1.1:1. Mean age at presentation was 9.1± 3.1 years. Majority (92.6%) were ≥5 years and mainly 22(53.7%) of low socio-economic status. The main features were body swelling 40(97.6%), fever 25(61.0%), oliguria 24(58.5%), systemic hypertension 37(90.2%), proteinuria 41(100.0%), and haematuria 41(100.0%). Acute kidney injury was the commonest 25(61.0%) complication. Thirty (73.2%) cases were discharged, 5 (12.2%) died, 6(14.6%) left against medical advice. Low social status (0.03), requirement for dialysis (p=0.003), congestive cardiac failure (p=0.01), and pulmonary oedema (p=0.04) were significantly associated with in-hospital mortality. Requirement for dialysis (p=0.005) was the independent predictor of in-hospital mortality. At three months post discharge, 20(48.8%) of the 31 cases had achieved complete resolution of APSGN. Conclusion: APSGN is common in Sokoto and similar in pattern to other reports from Nigeria. The presence of complications at presentation increases the risk of in-hospital mortality.

scholarly journals Obesity indices as a risk factor of skin diseases: A Case-control study conducted in Cairo, Egypt

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raed M Alazab ◽  
Abdel Raouf M Almohsen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Dermatology Clinic ◽  
Obesity Indices

Overweight and obesity are two major health problems that have been recognized worldwide which affect all ages and have many negative health effects. WHO in year 2010 reported that in Egypt the prevalence of overweight among women is 76% compared to 64.5% for male while the prevalence of obesity among women is 48% compared to 22% for male. The aim of the study was to determine the most prevalent skin diseases among the studied over-weight and obese patients and to examine if overweight and obesity are risk factors for skin diseases. A case-control was carried out on 250 overweight and obese patients compared with another 250 normal weight patients as controls. The participants were selected from the outpatient dermatology clinic of Al Hussein University hospital, Faculty of medicine, Alazhar University, Egypt. All patients were subjected to medical history, clinical dermatological examination and measurement of obesity indices. The most prevalent skin diseases among the studied cases were: striae (68.4%), planter hyperkeratosis (61.6%), skin tags (61.2%), acanthosis nigricans (53.6%), intertrigo (53.6%), tinea pedis (41.2%) with statistical significance difference compared to controls. As a result, overweight and obesity might be a risk factor for some skin diseases. Dermatologists must work with primary health care physicians and nutritional specialists to reduce incidence of obesity or reduce the effects of obesity on the skin.South East Asia Journal of Public Health Vol.5(2) 2015: 23-29

scholarly journals An evaluation of economic and education determinants on utilization of skilled delivery services by Maasai Women in Kiekonyokie sub location of Kajiado County in Kenya

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 437
Author(s):  
Laban Lebahati Simel ◽  
Lakshmi Nanduri ◽  
Pamela A. Juma ◽  
Blasio Omuga
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Health ◽  
Health Facility ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Skilled Delivery ◽  
Delivery Services ◽  
Qualitative Methodologies ◽  
High Level

Background: Maternal health is one of the eight Millennium Development Goals,is central to poverty reduction and overall development efforts and it increased international attention for monitoring progress on maternal health and improving access to skilled attendants at deliveries. This research paper aimed to study economic and education determinants on the utilization of skilled delivery services by Maasai women, the study population belonging to a community of nomadic life style in North of Kajiado County in Kenya.Methods: The study design was a cross sectional descriptive study adopting both quantitative and qualitative methodologies. Results: Utilization of skilled delivery was higher among women who had a source of income (34%) compared to women who had no source of income (19%) indicating a statistical significance p=0.003. Women who had higher level of education were more likely to use skilled delivery 50% compared to 22% who had no education at all hence p=0.002. Education level had a statistical significance, (p-0.002). 69% of those who delivered in the hospital paid > 500 shillings compared to 8% of those who paid < 500 shillings. The amount paid for skilled delivery had a statistical significance, (p<0.001). 97.7% of the Maasai women in the Kajiado North study takes more than 1hour to reach to the nearest health facility while less than (1%) of them in this study takes less than 30minutes to reach to the health facility. Conclusions: In conclusion this study shows that high level of illiteracy, low economic status, distance away, cost to pay for skilled delivery hindered skilled delivery service utilization among the Maasai women. 

scholarly journals Demographic and Socio-Economic Status of the Farmers of North Eastern Part of Country: A Case Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 146-155
Author(s):  
H. Vanlalhmuliana ◽  
C. Rachael ◽  
Mukesh Sehgal ◽  
Meenakshi Malik ◽  
Subhash Chander
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Production Organization ◽  
Modern Technologies

A socio-economic study of farmers from Siaha district was conducted with the objectives to know the socio-economic status of Siaha district farmers, to study the availability of resources, to locate the specific socio-economic weaknesses in their production organization, and to find the constraints that inhibit the popularisation and adoption of modern technologies.  Siaha district is comprised of numerous hills and valleys and is rich in vegetation and forests. Jhum cultivation is still widely practiced as the traditional farming system. The cropping pattern of the Siaha district is characterized by the predominance of rice as the lead crop. Agricultural crops account for more than 65 percent of the gross cropped area which indicates the prevalence of subsistence agriculture and lack of crop diversification. It was observed that these farmers are socio-economically backward. Agriculture of the primary source of livelihood for the overwhelming majority of the farmer’s population. It is mandatory to identify and quantify the socio-economic factors which are key factors that are inhibiting their growth and development.

scholarly journals Catch-up growth is a better indicator of undernutrition than thresholds for stunting

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-61
Author(s):  
Christiane Scheffler ◽  
Barry Bogin ◽  
Michael Hermanussen
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Growth Spurt ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Critical Thresholds ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
Breakpoint Analysis ◽  
Height For Age

AbstractObjective:Stunting (height-for-age < −2 sd) is one of the forms of undernutrition and is frequent among children of low- and middle-income countries. But stunting perse is not a synonym of undernutrition. We investigated association between body height and indicators of energetic undernutrition at three critical thresholds for thinness used in public health: (1) BMI SDS < −2; (2) mid-upper arm circumference divided by height (MUAC (mm) × 10/height (cm) < 1·36) and (3) mean skinfold thickness (SF) < 7 mm and to question the reliability of thresholds as indicators of undernutrition.Design:Cross-sectional study; breakpoint analysis.Setting:Rural and urban regions of Indonesia and Guatemala – different socio-economic status (SES).Participants:1716 Indonesian children (6·0–13·2 years) and 3838 Guatemalan children (4·0–18·9 years) with up to 50 % stunted children.Results:When separating the regression of BMI, MUAC or SF, on height into distinguishable segments (breakpoint analysis), we failed to detect relevant associations between height, and BMI, MUAC or SF, even in the thinnest and shortest children. For BMI and SF, the breakpoint analysis either failed to reach statistical significance or distinguished at breakpoints above critical thresholds. For MUAC, the breakpoint analysis yielded negative associations between MUAC/h and height in thin individuals. Only in high SES Guatemalan children, SF and height appeared mildly associated with R2 = 0·017.Conclusions:Currently used lower thresholds of height-for-age (stunting) do not show relevant associations with anthropometric indicators of energetic undernutrition. We recommend using the catch-up growth spurt during early re-feeding instead as immediate and sensitive indicator of past undernourishment. We discuss the primacy of education and social-economic-political-emotional circumstances as responsible factors for stunting.

To study prevalence of adult ADHD among patients with intentional self harm

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
Baskaran V ◽  
Kalaichandar M ◽  
Kirubakaran K ◽  
Kokila K ◽  
Jeevitha M ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Management ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Age Group ◽  
History Of ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Psychiatric Department

In Adult life, the symptoms like hyperactivity/impulsivity manifest less frequently, the hyperactivity symptoms tend to turn into “inner restlessness ”on adulthood which are exhibited as symptoms including impulsivity, inattention, executive dys regulation such as high distractible, poor time management ,impulsive decision making, sudden burst of energy leading to excessive speed while driving, memory disturbances especially working memory, difficulty standing in a single posture or place. Among the 112 patients who attended psychiatric OPD,45 of them were recruited for the study with History of intentional self harm, Mean age group of the study was 28.27 and the study subjects were divided into two groups Intentional self Harm with ADHD and Intentional self harm without ADHD ,two groups were compared with each other , majority of them were between the Age group 21-30 yrs in both the groups(P=2.113), preponderance of female was seen in intentional self harm without ADHD groups (p=4.544), subjects in this study came from semi urban background, from both the groups (P=1.784), nuclear family (P=0.675) and middle socio economic status(6.585). The main method used by subjects in both group (P=2.742)was multiple tablets with medium suicidal intent (p=1.044). When comparing the both groups no statistical significance could be found between them.Very few patients were refereed to psychiatric department as patients and their attenders were reluctant for referral due to the fear of stigma. This Study showed no statistical significant between Adult ADHD and Intentional Self Harm suggesting ADHD could be a co factor and not the probable cause for intentional self harm.

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