scholarly journals Status Of Microalbumin In Hypertensive Patient

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
Shekhar Chandra Yadav ◽  
Ritu Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Spot Urine ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Hypertension is one of the major risk factor for an increased risk of stroke, myocardial infarction, end-stage renal disease, congestive heart failure and peripheral vascular disease. The kidney is a main target of organ damage in hypertension. Microalbuminuria is one of the earliest indications of kidney injury in patients with hypertension. Total of 50 cases and 50 controls are enrolled into the study. Their blood pressure was measured and spot urine sample was analyzed for Microalbumin. Blood pressure and Microalbumin were statically elevated in case group in comparison to control group. Journal of Nobel Medical College Vol. 2, No.1 Issue 3 Nov.-April 2013 Page 9-12 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jonmc.v2i1.7665

The role of VEGF rs699947 polymorphism in End-Stage Renal Disease: A preliminary study

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-23
Keyword(s):  
Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Turkish Population ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Aim: End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) is an important public health problem worldwide with an increasing incidence and prevalence. There are many environmental and genetic factors which contribute to the development of ESRD. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been suggested to play an important role in renal pathophysiology. The aim of this study was to determine the probable relation between ESRD and VEGF gene rs699947 polymorphism in Turkish population. Material and Method: Genotyping of rs699947 was carried out in 50 ESRD patients on dialysis treatment and 30 healthy controls, using a Kompetitive Allelic-Specific PCR (KASP) method following DNA isolation. Demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients were recorded. Results: The prevalance of rs699947 AA genotype was found to be higher in the control group, but it was not statistically significant (p>0.05) . Conclusion: Although statistically insignificant, the frequency of AA genotype was higher in the control group compared to the case group, therefore we concluded that AA genotype may be a protective factor for ESRD in Turkish population. However, this conclusion needs to be further verified by future studies performed in larger study groups.

scholarly journals A prospective case control study of the effects of oligohydramnios on fetomaternal outcome in mothers with term pregnancy in a rural medical college

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 4706
Author(s):  
Dipak Mandi ◽  
Sayantan Sen ◽  
Vasundhara Goswami
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Data ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Perinatal Complications ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Nicu Admission

Background: The aim of the current study was to assess the fetomaternal effects of oligohydramnios on term pregnancies in a rural tertiary care setup.Methods: A perspective case control hospital-based trial was conducted at Burdwan Medical College and Hospital for a period of one year. Pregnancies at term (37-42 weeks) were included in the study. 103 patients with sonographically diagnosed oligohydramnios were included in the case group. The control group comprised of 103 mothers at term with normal liquor volume. Demographic data and fetomaternal outcome parameters were assessed and compared.Results: There was increased incidence of fetal and perinatal complications including low birth weight, birth asphyxia and NICU admission. There were more perinatal deaths in the case group compared to the control group. Induction of labour, operative delivery, meconium stained liquor and incidence of preeclampsia were also increased in mothers with low AFI.Conclusions: Oligohydramnios is associated with an increased risk of labour and perinatal complications. Adequate antenatal surveillance and intranatal monitoring coupled with correction of underly-ing factors is the mainstay of management.

scholarly journals The Association Between Inflammatory Markers and Hypertension. A Call for Anti-Inflammatory Strategies?

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1262-1273
Author(s):  
Néstor H. García ◽  
Luis I. Juncos
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Beta Blockers ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cardiovascular Damage ◽  
Inflammatory State ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

The most important goal of antihypertensive therapy is to prevent the complications associated with hypertension (stroke, myocardial infarction, end-stage renal disease, etc). For this, secondary targets such as left ventricular hypertrophy, proteinuria, dementia, and other signs of hypertension-induced organ damage help the physician to assess risks and monitor treatment efficacy. New treatment targets may be arising, however. One such target may be endothelial dysfunction. In effect, endothelial dysfunction not only may precede the elevation of blood pressure, but may also pave the way to conditions often associated with hypertension, such as diabetes, arteriosclerosis, microalbuminuria, congestive heart failure, and tissue hypertrophy. Because inflammation often accompanies endothelial dysfunction, approaches to counteract inflammation are now being evaluated. For this, antagonists of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, statins, and beta blockers are all being tested. All of these agents seem to prevent or delay the induction of proinflammatory molecules aside from, and in addition to, their specific effects on blood pressure. The focus of this review is to update some of the animal and human research showing that hypertension sets off an inflammatory state and also to consider some of the anti-inflammatory approaches that may prevent the development of endothelial dysfunction, and the subsequent renal and cardiovascular damage.

scholarly journals A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MATERNAL OUTCOME IN FIRST-TRIMESTER VAGINAL BLEEDING IN THE DEPARTMENT OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY, SMS MEDICAL COLLEGE, JAIPUR

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Savita Meena ◽  
Suniti Verma ◽  
R N Sehra ◽  
Suman Choudhary
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Vaginal Bleeding ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynaecology ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Background: The outcome of ongoing pregnancies after first trimester vaginal bleeding is of relevance to women and obstetricians for planning antenatal care and clinical interventions in pregnancy. Hence, this study was conducted to identify the risks associated with first trimester bleed which may facilitate decision making regarding mode, place and timing of delivery during management, which may improve maternal and neonatal outcome. Methods: Hospital based comparative prospective study conducted at Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SMS Medical College & associated Hospitals, Jaipur. Results: APH was found in 4 (8.00%) patients of case group and nil in control group. So, APH was found to be more in the case group than control group but was statistically not significant. Pre-eclampsia was found in 4 (8.00%) in case group and 3 (6.00%) in control group with statistically insignificant difference between the two groups.  26 (52.00%) delivered at the gestational age of ?37 weeks, whereas only 8 (16%) of control group delivered at ?37 weeks. So, the gestational age at delivery of control group subjects was found to be higher as compared to case group subjects and the difference was statistically significant (p=0.001). Conclusion: Threatened miscarriage in early pregnancy increases the risk of adverse pregnancy outcome. In our study, these patients were found to be at an increased risk of preterm delivery, PPROM. Keywords: PROM, Miscarriage, Gestational age

scholarly journals Effect of local papaverine on arteriovenous fistula maturation in patients with end-stage renal disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Manani ◽  
Gholamreza Kazemzadeh ◽  
Ali Saberi ◽  
Fatemeh Sadeghipour ◽  
Asghar Rahmani
Keyword(s):  
Renal Disease ◽  
Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Maturation Time ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
And Control ◽  
Fistula Maturation

Abstract Background: Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) maturation is one of the main concerns in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and finding a strategy for increasing success rate and accelerating fistula maturation is valuable. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of papaverine injection on AVF maturation and success rate. Method: This study was a randomized clinical trial that involved 110 patients with ESRD that were referred for AVF construction. Patients were allocated in papaverine group and control group with block randomization according to age and sex. In the case group, papaverine (0.1 or 0.2 cc) was injected locally within the subadventitia of artery and vein after proximal and distal control during AVF construction and in the control group, AVF construction was done routinely without papaverine injection. Results: Maturation time in case and control groups was 37.94 ± 11.49 and 44.23 ± 9.57 days, respectively (p=0.004). Hematoma was not seen in the case group but occurred in one patient in the control group. One patient of the case group developed venous hypertension. Four functional fistulas, 1 (1.8%) in the case group and 3 (5.5%) in the control group, failed to mature (p=0.618). Maturation rate did not differ between the two groups statistically (p=0.101). Conclusion: Local papaverine injection increased vessel diameter and blood flow, increasing shearing stress in both arterial and venous segment of recently created AVF. In this way, papaverine probably can decrease AVF maturation time without an increase in complications.

scholarly journals End stage renal disease patients on haemodialysis profiled epidemiologically at medical college of sub-Himalayan region of India

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1594
Author(s):  
Pankaj Kumar Gupta ◽  
Dinesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Common Complication ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Heart Damage ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Background: Mostly, end organ damage becomes the reason for morbidity and mortality among patients with non-communicable diseases (NCDs) due their chronicity. Derangement of renal function along with brain and heart damage are considered to be a significant problem of NCDs. The objectives of this study were on this background of end stage renal disease (ESRD) as a common complication for common NCDs, present study was planned to study the distribution of responsible NCDs.Methods: Over three-year period, all the cases reported GFR <15ml/min/1.73m2 were studied.Results: Total 100 patients (male:65) were studied with mean age of 51.0±13.0 years. Diabetes mellitus (38.0%), hypertension (28.0%), and glomerulonephritis (16.0%) were three leading cause for ESRD. Idiopathic cause was observed among 12.0% patients. Fifteen percent patients could not survive.Conclusions: NCDs mainly diabetes mellitus and hypertension observed to be most common cause for ESRD.

Renal outcomes of acute kidney injury

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norbert Lameire
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Screening And Surveillance ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

This chapter summarizes the accumulating evidence that incomplete or even apparent complete recovery of renal function after acute kidney injury (AKI) may be an important contributor to a growing number of incident chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) cases, largely in excess of the global growth in CKD prevalence. Evidence based on epidemiologic studies supports the notion that even after adjustment for several important covariates AKI is independently associated with an increased risk for both CKD and ESRD. Several risk factors for the subsequent development of CKD among survivors of AKI have been identified. Besides well-known risk factors for CKD in general, such as hypertension, older age, congestive heart failure, diabetes, and proteinuria, AKIN staging and duration also predict longitudinal CKD development. These characteristics may identify a category of at-risk AKI patients at the time of hospital discharge that will need long follow-up times for appropriate screening and surveillance measures for CKD.

P0990RENINAAV DOSE-DEPENDENTLY EXACERBATE ALBUMINURIA AND GLOMERULOSCLEROSIS, AND REDUCE GFR IN FEMALE UNINEPHRECTOMIZED DB/DB MICE

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mette Viberg Østergaard ◽  
Rune Ida ◽  
Annemarie Aarup Pedersen ◽  
Thomas Secher ◽  
Frederikke Emilie Sembach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Tubular Injury ◽  
Spot Urine ◽  
Recent Emergence ◽  
Induced Hypertension ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Abstract Background and Aims Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a long-term complication that occurs in ∼40% of diabetes patients and is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Despite recent emergence of SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists for nephroprotection in diabetes patients, drug discovery has been halted by the lack of reliable rodent models exhibiting features of human DN. In a newly established mouse model of progressive DN, we investigate the effects of hypertension on kidney injury. Method Female db/db mice were uninephrectomized (UNx) at 8 weeks of age and injected i.v. with a Renin adeno-associated virus (AAV) construct at different doses to induce hypertension, while a LacZAAV construct was used as negative control. db/+ mice served as healthy controls. Hypertension was measured by tail cuff and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) transcutaneous recoding of FITC-sinistrin after i.v. bolus injection at 22 weeks of age. Urine ACR measured in spot urine samples collected before termination 24 weeks of age. Terminal kidney samples were collected for 3D image analyses, histopathological evaluation, and next generation sequencing for gene expression analyses. Results GFR measurements indicated hyperfiltration in all AAV-injected UNx db/db mice compared to db/+ mice, while ReninAAV tended to dose-dependently decrease GFR compared to LacZAAV in UNx db/db mice. Urine ACR was worsened by ReninAAV-induced hypertension compared to LacZAAV controls. Automized AI-based glomerulosclerosis scoring showed ReninAAV dose-dependent increases in glomerulosclerosis compared to LacZAAV controls. 3D kidney imaging demonstrated increased glomerular volume in LacZAAV UNx db/db mice compared to db/+ mice with no further effect in ReninAAV groups. RNA sequencing revealed upregulated gene expression markers of fibrogenesis (incl. Col1a1, Col3, Col4, Fn1, Lamc2 and Vim) and tubular injury markers (Ngal and Kim-1), as well as downregulation of proximal tubular markers (Megalin and Aqp1) in ReninAAV UNx db/db mice compare to LacZAAV controls. Conclusion ReninAAV-induced hypertension in female UNx db/db mice accelerates kidney injury in uninephrectomized db/db mice and aggravates GFR, albuminuria and glomerulosclerosis in parallel with increased expression of genes associated with tubular injury renal fibrosis. Together, these data confirm that ReninAAV UNx db/db mice is a reliable model of DN with features of late stage human disease.

scholarly journals Antihypertensive treatment in patients with end-stage renal disease

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 22-25
Author(s):  
Mensura Aščerić ◽  
Nedžad Mulabegović ◽  
Sabina Nuhbegović ◽  
Alma Nadarević ◽  
Muamera Mujčinagić-Vrabac
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Antihypertensive Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Haemodialysis ◽  
Ultra Filtration ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Arterial hypertension is a common finding in patients with end stage renal disease (80% patients are hypertensive). Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of death in haemodialysis. The present study was performed to asses' successful treatment in hypertensive chronic haemodialysis patients by ultra filtration only and ultra filtration combined with medics. We studied 80 hypertensive adult patients who had been on regular haemodialysis treatment for at least 12 months (average duration of 41 months). All subjects were divided in two different antihypertensive treatment groups including 40 subjects each. The first group of patients were treated with trandolapril and ultra filtration, and the second group of patients were only treated with ultra filtration (control group). Blood pressure measurements before and after HD sessions were performed for each patient. Blood pressure control was defined using World Health Organizationcriteria 140/90 mm Hg. Average systolic blood pressure levels, after haemodialysis, were in the first group of patients 146.33 +/- 9.7 mm Hg, and in the control group 157,86 +/- 10.33 mm Hg. Average diastolic blood pressure was 87.83 +/- 8.11 mm Hg in the first group of patients and, in the control group it was 91.03 +/- 10.67 mm Hg. There were significant differences between systolic blood pressure level in the first group of patients and the control group of patients as well as in diastolic blood pressure (p < 0.05). We conclude that an antihypertensive therapy by trandolapril is more effective than ultra filtration alone in hypertensive patients on chronic haemodialysis.

scholarly journals Frequency of Gastrointestinal Diseases in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease Treated with Long Term Dialysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lutfi Zylbeari ◽  
Zamira Bexheti ◽  
Gazmend Zylbeari ◽  
Ferizate Dika Haxhirexha ◽  
Kastriot Haxhirexha
Keyword(s):  
Renal Disease ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Gastrointestinal Complications ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Background: Gastrointestinal complications are frequent in patients with renal disease and are responsible for substantial morbidity and mortality among these patients in developing countries. Many times, these patients are subjected to endoscopic evaluation and mucosal biopsies are taken for definitive diagnosis. Long before the routine uses of dialysis, patients dying of uremia were found to have a high incidence of gastrointestinal abnormalities (1).Matherials and methods: The survey included 240 persons; 120 of them were dialysis patients, while the remaining 120 were healthy individuals who served as a control group. 54 (45%) of the patients with hemodialysis were females while 66 (55%) of them were males with mean age: 58.20 ± 18.00 years. These patients had been in dialysis for more than 12 years at the Clinic for Nephrology in Skopje and the Clinical Hospital in Tetovo.Results: Gastrointestinal complications were present in 20 (37.0%) out of 54 females while 26 (39.4%) out of 66 males presented with duodenal bulbar ulcers. 84 patients [(females-38/54 (70.4%) and males-46/66 (85.2%)] of the total number of 120 examined patients were found to have chronic gastritis.In conclusion, we found that the incidence of PUD was more than 10 times higher in CKD patients than in those without CKD over a 3-year period between 2008-2010. CKD patients receiving HD, NSAID, or clopidogrel had an increased risk of PUD, compared to CKD patients not receiving these treatments.  

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