Tiliroside: Biosynthesis, Bioactivity and Structure activity relationship (SAR)- A review

Tilirosides (TLD) are glycosidic flavonoids (GFD) from originating in plants that exhibit a range of bioactivities of great interest for healthcare: antioxidant, anti-microbial, antifungal, anti-diabetic and antihyperlipedemic, antiviral and cytotoxic, anti–inflammatory, anti-rheumatism, inhibition of neuroinflammation and acute inflammation and hepatoprotective activities. TLD are biosynthesized in plants in three main steps. First, the synthesis of the aglycone (a flavonoid) occurs, which follows the shikimate pathway with cinnamoylCoA as a starter unit. Second, there is the glucosylation of the aglycone using Uridine diphosphosugar (UDPglucose) as the agent for glycosylation. Finally, the coumaroyl part is added. The Structure Activity Relationship of TLD reveals that the addition of the para coumaric acid moiety considerably modifies their bioactivity.