scholarly journals Phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity of crude aqueous and ethanol extracts of Salvadora persica L. stem (Miswak) from Saudi Arabia

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 243-247
Author(s):  
Emad Mohamed Abdallah ◽  
◽  
Khalid Assaf Al Harbi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Salvadora Persica ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Since long time ago, medicinal plant products have been a rich source of antibacterial drugs. Salvadora persica L. stem is used basically for cleanse, get rid of microbes and the stink smell of the mouth. Phytochemical investigations on the aqueous and ethanol extracts of Salvadora persica L. stem revealed presence of some bioactive principles, such as Saponins, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, Terpenoids and flavonoids. Antimicrobial investigation revealed presence of some degree of antimicrobial effect against some gram negative bacteria (Salmonella enterica ATCC 5174, Proteus vulgaris ATCC 49132, Klebsiella pneumonia ATCC 27736, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853) and some gram positive bacteria (Bacillus cereus ATCC 10876, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 49461, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923). This antibacterial activity considered Competitor to penicillin G, but modest when compared to gentamicin. The antibiotic penicillin is collapsing and it is no longer a good option.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel Fluorinated 2-Styrylchromones as Antibacterial Agents

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehbub Momin ◽  
Deresh Ramjugernath ◽  
Hafizah Chenia ◽  
Neil A. Koorbanally
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Phenyl Ring ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Fluorine Substitution ◽  
Single Strain ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Activity Indices

A range of fluorinated 2-styrylchromones (5a–g) of which six were new (5a–f) were prepared in three steps using the Baker-Venkataraman rearrangement along with two methoxylated derivatives (5h-i) and a methylenedioxy derivative (5j) and screened for their antibacterial activity using Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, sciuri, andxylosusas well asBacillus subtilis) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, andKlebsiella pneumonia). The compounds were most effective againstB. subtilisfollowed byS. aureusand a single strain ofE. coli(ATCC 25922). Difluorination on the phenyl ring was shown to enhance antibacterial activity, and fluorine substitution at the 6 position was shown to be far superior to substitution at the 7 position. In comparison to tetracycline, the activity indices of the fluorinated styrylchromones ranged from 0.50 to 0.75 againstB. subtilis. The crystal structure of 2′-fluoro-2-styrylchromone is also presented, and the molecule was shown to be planar.

scholarly journals Synthesis, characterization and antibacterial evaluation of some sulfonamide Schiff base derivatives

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 3535-3543
Author(s):  
Mustafa M. AL-Hakiem ◽  
Rita S. Elias ◽  
Munther A. Mohammed-Ali
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Schiff Base ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Antibacterial Evaluation

New series of Schiff base compounds obtained from sulfa drugs have been synthesized by the reaction of sulfonamide compounds (sulfadiazine, sulfapyridine, sulfamethazine, or sulfamerazine) with corresponding aromatic aldehydes (3-pyridinecarboxaldehyde or 4-pyridinecarboxaldehyde). The synthesized compounds were characterized by FT-IR, ESI-Mass, and 1H-NMR spectroscopy to confirm the chemical structures of synthesized compounds. The purity of all synthesized compounds were verified using pre-coated TLC (MERCK) plates using dichloromethane: methanol (9:1) solvent system. The chromatographic plates were viewed under ultraviolet(UV) light at 254 nm The sulfonamide Schiff base compounds were tested for antibacterial evaluation against two pathogenic Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus spp.) and two pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia). The antibacterial activity of synthesized compounds was evaluated by assessing the inhibitory concentration by measuring their inhibition zone versus certain kinds of standard antibiotics with concentrations (500, 750, and 1000) μg /ml. Most synthesized compounds at high concentration were moderately active against all tested bacteria ,compound SH7 showed best antibacterial activity for both (Gram-positive and Gram-negative) bacteria while SH8 compound exhibited moderate antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria and weak activity (<10 mm) against Gram-negative bacteria and all synthesized compounds were less antibacterial activity for all tested bacterial strains than standard drugs.

Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activity of Ag- and Au-Nanoparticles Loaded TiO2 Nanotubes

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1416-1425
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Arkusz ◽  
Ewa Paradowska ◽  
Marta Nycz ◽  
Justyna Mazurek-Popczyk ◽  
Katarzyna Baldy-Chudzik
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Live Bacteria

Current research on the antibacterial properties of implant surfaces has focused on using titanium nanotubes (TNTs) with diameters of 100 and 200 nm, which simultaneously show the best antibacterial properties, poor osseointegration, and ability to immobilize proteins. Therefore, the research aimed to develop an implantable material based on titanium dioxide nanotubes with a diameter of 50 nm doped with silver (AgNPs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), indicating good absorption and antibacterial properties. Moreover, metallic nanoparticles deposited by varying methods should maintain sphericity and lack of agglomeration. For this purpose, the surface charge, wettability, stability of nanoparticles, and antibacterial properties against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, i. e., Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus mutans, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa , were performed. Obtained results indicate a greater resistance to leaching of silver nanoparticles compared to gold nanoparticles. These results are reflected in microbiological studies, both into the time and the effectiveness of the implantable material's antibacterial activity. A greater antibacterial effect of AgNPs than AuNPs has been confirmed. Also, AgNPs inhibit the multiplication of Gram-negative bacteria to a greater extent than Gram-positive bacteria. It has been proven that the TNT platforms deposited with metal nanoparticles via the voltammetric method are more effective in deactivating microorganisms. Besides, the results have proven that smaller TNTs effectively reduce live bacteria as nanotubes with a diameter of 100 and 200 nm.

scholarly journals PYRAZOLINE SYNTHESIS THROUGH A CHALCONE INTERMEDIATE

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 59-62
Author(s):  
Md Hedaitullah ◽  
Ramanpreet Walia ◽  
Iqbal Khalid ◽  
Balwan Singh ◽  
Asif Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Drug Research ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Potential

Pyrazoline derivatives, being used as potential medicinal agents, possess many important pharmacological activities and therefore they are useful materials in drug research. A series of these derivatives HT- 1 to HT- 6 containing  5-4-(chlorophenyl)-1,3-diphenyl- 4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole derivatives were synthesized, structures were confirmed using melting point, IR, NMR and MS and evaluated for their antibacterial activity using disc diffusion method at concentration 2mg/ml. The reference used was Amikacin and mostly, all synthesized compounds exhibited a significant antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC No. 96) as Gram positive bacteria, Staphylococcus epidermidis(MTCC No. 435) as Gram positive and Escherichia coli (MTCC No. 739) as Gram negative bacteria. It was observed that HT-1 and HT-2 possess good antibacterial potential against S. aureus, HT- 5 against S.epidermidis and HT-1 and HT-4against E. coli.

Antibacterial activity of magnesium oxide nanoparticles prepared by Calcination method

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaf Ayad Kadhem ◽  
Miaad Hamzah Zghair ◽  
Sarah , Hussam H. Tizkam, Shoeb Alahmad Salih Mahdi ◽  
Hussam H. Tizkam ◽  
Shoeb Alahmad
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Magnesium Oxide ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Agar Disc

magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs) were prepared by simple wet chemical method using different calcination temperatures. The prepared NPs were characterized by Electrostatic Discharge (ESD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). It demonstrates sharp intensive peak with the increase of crystallinty and increase of the size with varying morphologies with respect to increase of calcination temperature. Antibacterial studies were done on gram negative bacteria (E.coli) and gram positive bacteria (S.aureus) by agar disc diffusion method. The zones of inhibitions were found larger for gram positive bacteria than gram negative bacteria, this mean, antibacterial MgO NPs activity more active on gram positive bacteria than gram negative bacteria because of the structural differences. It was found that antibacterial activity of MgO NPs was found it has directly proportional with their concentration.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity Test of Extracts and Fractions of Cassava Leaves (Manihot esculenta Crantz) against Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes Causing Acne

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Resmi Mustarichie ◽  
Sulistiyaningsih Sulistyaningsih ◽  
Dudi Runadi
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Active Fraction ◽  
Cassava Leaves ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

This study is aimed at determining antibacterial activity from ethanol extracts and the most active fraction of cassava leaves against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes. Research carried out by the experimental method involved determination of plants, extraction with maceration method, fractionation with liquid-liquid extraction, antibacterial activity testing of extracts and fractions by agar diffusion method, determination of most active fraction from the extract, and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) testing of most active fraction by microdilution method. The results showed that ethanol extracts of cassava leaves had antibacterial activity against both bacteria with the most active fraction indicated by ethyl acetate. MIC values of ethyl acetate fraction against S. epidermidis were in the concentration range of 2.5%–5.0% (w/v) and against P. acnes were in the concentration range of 1.25%–2.5% (w/v). The MBC value of ethyl acetate fraction against S. epidermidis was at a concentration of 5% (w/v), while P. acnes was at a concentration of 2.5% (w/v). From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the ethanol extract of cassava leaves (Manihot esculenta Crantz) has antibacterial activity against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis as well as on Propionibacterium acnes. The fraction with the best activity from the ethanol extract of cassava leaves to the two test bacteria was shown by ethyl acetate fraction. It is suggested that cassava leaves are possible to be developed into standardized antiacne herbal.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activities of Mefloquine and a Series of Related Compounds

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 848-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Kunin ◽  
W. Y. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Walter Reed Army Institute ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Related Compounds

ABSTRACT Mefloquine was found to have bactericidal activity against methicillin- and fluoroquinolone-susceptible and -resistant strains ofStaphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis and gentamicin- and vancomycin-resistant strains ofEnterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium. The MICs were 16 μg/ml, and the minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) were 16 to 32 μg/ml. These concentrations cannot be achieved in serum. Mefloquine was active at a more achievable concentration against penicillin-susceptible and -resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae, with MICs of 0.2 to 1.5 μg/ml. Mefloquine was not active against gram-negative bacteria and yeasts. In an attempt to find more active derivatives, 400 mefloquine-related compounds were selected from the chemical inventory of The Walter Reed Army Institute of Research. We identified a series of compounds containing a piperidine methanol group attached to pyridine, quinoline, and benzylquinoline ring systems. These had activities similar to that of mefloquine against S. pneumoniae but were far more active against other gram-positive bacteria (MICs for staphylococci, 0.8 to 6.3 μg/ml). They had activities similar to that of amphotericin B againstCandida spp. and Cryptococcus neoformans. Combinations of the compounds with gentamicin and vancomycin were additive against staphylococci and pneumococci. The MIC and MBC of gentamicin were decreased by four- to eightfold when this drug was combined with limiting dilutions of the compounds. There was no antagonism with other antimicrobial drugs. The compounds were rapidly bactericidal. They appear to act by disrupting cell membranes. Combinations of the compounds with aminoglycoside antibiotics may have potential for therapeutic use.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Prismatomeris tetrandra K. Schum Root Extract against Antibiotic Resistance Bacteria

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 341-348
Author(s):  
On-Anong SOMSAP
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Culture Broth ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Colony Forming Units

Antibiotic resistance bacteria has become an increasing problem now today due to many factors. This study investigates the efficacy of Prismatomeris tetrandra K. Schum root extract as a new source of antibacterial activity for antibiotic resistant bacteria using agar well diffusion method. The results showed that S. aureus TISTR517 exhibited more sensitivity to P. tetrandra K. Schum root extract than other Gram-positive bacteria indicator strains. On the other hand, Gram-negative bacteria exhibited resistance to P. tetrandra K. Schum root extract. The study further showed the activity between P. tetrandra K. Schum root extract and gentamycin (10 µg), it revealed that MRSA142 was resistant to gentamycin (10µg) but sensitive to P. tetrandra K. Schum root extract. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was evaluated by using S. aureus TISTR517 and MRSA142 as indicator strains. The MIC value was 0.59 mg/mL and 1.17 mg/mL for S. aureus TISTR517 and MRSA142, respectively. MBC assay demonstrated that the MBC value was 9.75 mg/mL and 150 mg/mL for S. aureus TISTR517 and MRSA142 respectively. The mode of action was investigated with the presence of P. tetrandra K. Schum root extract in the culture broth. The action of P. tetrandra K. Schum root extract was revealed of bacteriostatic activity due to the Optical density (OD) at 600 nm and Colony-Forming Units (CFU) of indicator strains were continuously decreased.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Macrocyclic Complexes of Cu(II), Ni(II) and VO(II) Derived fromo-Aminobenzaldehyde

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 481-486
Author(s):  
K. Anuradha ◽  
R. Rajavel
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Molar Conductance ◽  
Macrocyclic Complexes ◽  
Spectral Studies ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

Novel Cu(II),Ni(II) and VO(II) complexes are synthesized with N1,N4-bis(2-aminobenzylidene)benzene-1,4-diamine (L). Complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductance, IR, UV and EPR. Spectral studies reveals a square planner geomentry for Cu(II), Ni(II) complexes and square pyramidal for VO(II) complex. The ligand and its complexes were also evaluated against the growth of gram positive bacteria and gram negative bacteria.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of the Essential Oil of Espeletia nana

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1200700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Peña ◽  
Luis Rojas ◽  
Rosa Aparicio ◽  
Libia Alarcón ◽  
José Gregorio Baptista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

The essential oil of the leaves of Espeletia nana Cuatrec, obtained by hydrodistillation, was analyzed by GC-MS, which allowed the identification of 24 components, which made up 99.9% of the oil. The most abundant compounds were α-pinene (38.1%), β-pinene (17.2%), myrcene (15.0%), spathulenol (4.2%), bicyclogermacrene (4.0%), α-zingiberene (4.0%), and γhimachalene (3.7%). Antibacterial activity was tested against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria using the agar disk diffusion method. Activity was observed only against Gram-positive bacteria. MIC values were determined for Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923(200 μg/mL) and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 (600 μg/mL).

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