Exploitation of rank summation index for the selection of 21 maize hybrids for green maize production in South-eastern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
E. E. Okoli ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
International Institute ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Maize Landraces ◽  
Summation Index

Green (fresh) maize (Zea mays L.) provides food security and income to farmers especially when other crops are still in the field. However, research on green maize varieties is scarcely reported in the literature or information on suitable genetic material (germplasm) for green maize production. Two local maize landraces collected from south-eastern Nigeria and five improved varieties sourced from the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) were used for this experiment. These seven genotypes were crossed in a half diallel mating system in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. Data collected were subjected to analysis of variance and those found significant (p = 0.05) were further subjected to diallel analysis using Griffing’s method II and model I for fixed effects. Rank summation index was used for all the traits studied to identify and select the best performer amongst the genotypes. The rank summation index identified and selected the crosses between DTMA-4 X OKA BENDE-WHITE, OKA MBAISE X OKA BENDE-WHITE, PVA SYM 8 F2 X OKA BENDE-WHITE, POOL 66/ACR-91 X OKA BENDE-WHITE and DMR-ESRY X OKA BENDE-WHITE for the production of green maize in south-eastern Nigeria

scholarly journals Screening of shade tolerant hybrid maize based on stress tolerance index

2021 ◽  
Vol 911 (1) ◽  
pp. 012018
Author(s):  
Lesty Ayu Bidhari ◽  
Roy Effendi ◽  
Nining N. Andayani ◽  
Slamet Bambang
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Hybrid Maize

Abstract The development of adaptive and high-yielding maize varieties tolerant to shade stress is the right strategy to increase productivity and national maize production by utilizing the land in shaded conditions or under annual stands with 40% shade intensity. This study aimed to assess the best genetic material before releasing new shade tolerant maize varieties. This experiment was conducted in shaded and unshaded conditions in the Indonesian Cereal Research Institute, Maros, from July-October 2018 in KP. Pandu, North Sulawesi under coconut trees from March-August 2019. The design is using a randomized block design with three replications. The genetic material used consisted of 10 three-lane cross-hybrid maize, SHD01, SHD02, SHD03, SHD04, SHD05, SHD06, SHD07, SHD08, SHD09, and SHD10, and two comparison varieties of three-lane cross-hybrid maize, Bima-19, and P-35. Shade causes a reduction in light intensity, impacting changes in the microclimate under the shade. This is indicated by the dynamics of changes in light intensity which are quite high between maize crops in shaded and unshaded conditions. Tolerance to shade stress was assessed by measuring the difference in yield between unshaded environmental conditions and shaded environmental conditions to assess average productivity under normal and shaded conditions using the stress tolerance index (STI). The adaptive level in shade conditions of the candidate varieties SHD02 and SHD10 was significantly better than that of the Bima 19 and P 35 varieties, with the STI values of these candidates being 0.87 and 0.80, while the two comparison varieties Bima 19 and P 35, were respectively only 0.62.

scholarly journals Impact of adoption of drought-tolerant maize varieties on total maize production in south Eastern Zimbabwe

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodney Witman Lunduka ◽  
Kumbirai Ivyne Mateva ◽  
Cosmos Magorokosho ◽  
Pepukai Manjeru
Keyword(s):  
Maize Production ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Maize Varieties

scholarly journals Effect of different levels of nitrogen on growth and yield of hybrid maize (Zea mays L.) varieties

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-62
Author(s):  
Kripa Adhikari ◽  
Sudip Bhandari ◽  
Krishna Aryal ◽  
Mohan Mahato ◽  
Jiban Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Maize Variety ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Hybrid Maize

Nitrogen (N) fertilizer is considered as one of the most important factors affecting growth and grain yield of hybrid maize. This study was conducted to determine the effects of different rates of nitrogen and varieties on growth and yield of hybrid maize in Lamahi Municipality, Dang, Nepal from June to October, 2019. Three levels of hybrid maize varieties (10V10, Rajkumar F1 and NMH-731) and four levels of nitrogen (160, 180, 200 and 220 kg N ha-1) were evaluated using two factorial randomized complete block design with three replications. The results showed that grain yield and yield attributing traits of hybrid maize varieties increased with the increasing level of nitrogen from 160 to 220 kg ha-1. The application of nitrogen @ 220 kg N ha-1 produced the highest grain yield (10.07 t ha-1), cob length (16.33 cm), no of rows per cob (14.97), no of grains per row (33.37), cob diameter (4.54), thousand grain weight (276.77 g), stover yield (12.91 t ha-1), biological yield (23.00 t ha-1), harvest index (43.80), gross return (NRs. 208940 ha-1), net return (NRs.104488 ha-1) and B:C ratio (2.001). The hybrid maize variety 10V10 produced the highest grain yield (9.35 t ha-1), net returns (NRs. 91740.66 ha-1) and B:C ratio (1.91) accompanied by the highest cob length (16.25 cm), and as number of grains per row (32.35) as compared to other varieties. This study suggested that maize production can be maximized by cultivating hybrid maize variety 10V10 with the use of 220 kg N ha-1 in inner Terai region of Nepal.

scholarly journals Combnining Ability of Sweetpotato Yield in Endemic and Non-endemic Sweetpotato Weevil (Cylas formicarius) Environments in South West Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
M. S. Afolabi ◽  
M. O. Akoroda
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Gene Pools ◽  
Cylas Formicarius ◽  
South West

Introduction: Combining ability studies in sweetpotato marketable root yield were carried out using ten sweetpotato varieties and their F1 hybrids in Cylas formicarius endemic (Omu Aran) and free (Ibadan) environments during 2012 cropping season. Study Design: The genetic material used for this experiment was from the germplasm                collection of the Department of Agronomy, University of Ibadan, Nigeria. This material               comprised of 10 varieties of sweetpotato: 5 orange fleshed, 3 white fleshed and 2 yellow             fleshed. Place and Duration of Study: The field trial was carried out in C. formicarius endemic (Omu Aran) and Non-endemic (Ibadan) environments both in South West Nigeria during the raining season of 2012. Methods: Collected data were subjected to diallel analysis using Griffing (15) approach in method I (parents, crosses reciprocals together), Model I (fixed effects). Both general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining abilities (SCA) were computed using PBTools, version 1.4. for the 10 parents and their F1 hybrids with respect to C. formicarius. Results and Discussion: The result obtained from this study showed that some parents were tolerant to C. formicarius, but level of tolerance varied probably due to differences in genetic background among the parental population or time of planting. Hybrids from the parents resisto, TIS 87/0087 displayed high performance in term of C. formicarius tolerance. These parents and their hybrids appeared to have gene pools for C. formicarius tolerance that can be manipulated and used to develop promising hybrids in South west, Nigeria.  

Consumption and Acceptability Pattern of 21 Evaluated Maize Hybrids for Fresh Maize Production in South-Eastern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
Evans Ebuka Okoli
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Sensory Evaluation ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Kernel Size ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
The Cross

Purpose: Green (fresh) maize (Zea mays L.) provides food security and income to farmers especially when other crops are still in the field. However, research on green maize variety is scarcely reported in literature or information on the consumption or acceptability pattern of the developed maize hybrids. Unattractive colour, bad taste, kernel size and hard kernels are among factors that affect the level of fresh maize acceptability and subsequent consumption of genotypes in the South eastern part of Nigeria, therefore, the purpose of this work is to study the variation in sensory characteristics of hybrids generated from crosses between seven maize genotypes of two local varieties (Oka Mbaise and Oka Bende-white) and five improved varieties (DTMA-4, DMR-ESRY (POOL 18-SR), PVA SYM 8 F2 (PRO VIT A), POOL 66/ACR-91 SUWAN – 1- SR (QPM), DTMA – W, from IITA) was evaluated at the Centre for Agricultural Research, Federal University of technology Owerri and the sensory evaluation was done at different hostels in Umuchima, Ihiagwa and Centre for Agricultural Research, FUTO.Methodology: The methodology used in the field to develop these hybrids was the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Questionnaires were used to achieve the following palatability qualities measured; colour, kernel hardness, appeal, size and taste. The numerical scoring from the questionnaires was analysed using Genstat discovery 10th Edition.Results: The result of this work revealed that there were significant differences among the hybrids for kernel size and appeal. The cross between DTMA-4 and all other genotypes had the highest grain size (2.17) and was the most preferred by the respondents. The crosses between POOL 66/ACR-91 SUWAN – 1- SR (QPM) and Oka Mbaise; POOL 66/ACR-91 SUWAN – 1- SR (QPM) and Oka Bende-white; DTMA – W and Oka Mbaise; DTMA – W and Oka Bende-white; Oka Mbaise and Oka Bende-white had the hardest grain (3.00) and were least preferred by the respondents. Correlation matrix of the sensory evaluation revealed that grain size, colour and appeal were positively correlated while hardness was negatively correlated with appeal.Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: In contribution to practice, the study recommends the cross OKA MBAISE X OKA BENDE-WHITE as it was highly preferred by the respondents. 

scholarly journals Using a Participatory Approach and Legume Integration to Increase the Productivity of Early Maturing Maize in the Nigerian Sudan Savannas

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Alpha Y. Kamara ◽  
Hakeem A. Ajeigbe ◽  
Nathalie Ndaghu ◽  
Lucy Kamsang ◽  
Temitope Ademulegun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Striga Hermonthica ◽  
International Institute ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Sudan Savanna

Drought, infestation of cereal crops by the parasitic weed Striga hermonthica, and poor soil fertility are the major constraints to maize production by smallholder farmers in the Sudan savannas of northern Nigeria. Four innovation platforms (IPs) were therefore established in 2008 in the Sudan savanna (SS) agroecological zone of northern Nigeria to create a stakeholder forum to address these identified food production challenges in the target areas. The IPs comprised researchers from Bayero University, Kano; Institute for Agricultural Research, Zaria; International Institute of Tropical Agriculture; state and local government extension programs in Kano and Katsina states; input and output dealers; community-based organisations; and media organisations in the two states. The current study reports on the effects of legume integration on maize performance in farmer fields and the adoption of Striga management technologies introduced in the IPs over a four-year period. The deployment of drought- Striga-tolerant and early-maturing maize varieties along with legume rotation reduced Striga infestation by 46–100% when cowpea was rotated with maize, 80–97% when groundnut was rotated with maize, and 59–94% when soybean was rotated with maize. Grain yield of maize increased by 63–88% when cowpea was rotated with maize, 69–128% when groundnut was rotated with maize, and 9–133% when soybean was rotated with maize. Participatory and detailed questionnaire-based adoption surveys showed high adoption of improved maize varieties, five years after program interventions. The maize variety 99EVDT-W-STR C0 was the most popular among all the IPs because it is early maturing, Striga-resistant, and drought-tolerant. The high maize yields and high adoption rates suggest that the IP approach was effective in disseminating maize technologies.

scholarly journals Environmental impact and genetic expressions of new drought tolerant maize genotypes in derived savannah agro-ecology

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 10691
Author(s):  
Paul INYANG ◽  
Chikezie O. ENE ◽  
Ankrumah EMMANUEL ◽  
Uchechukwu P. CHUKWUDI ◽  
Ugochukwu N. IKEOGU
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
International Institute ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Sub Saharan

Reduced water resources in sub-Saharan Africa will not only pose threat to the livelihood of poor resource farmers, but also food security in the region. Drought tolerant (DT) maize varieties hold promise to reducing poor resourced farmers’ vulnerability and improve food security in sub-Saharan Africa. Ten maize genotypes obtained from the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), were evaluated in 2015 and 2016 using a randomized complete block design experiment with three replications to estimate their genetic variability and predict their genetic advances in the derived savannah agro-ecology. Growth, phenological and yield data were collected from 10 middle row plants. Genetic advance, genotypic, phenotypic and environmental coefficients of variations and their variances were estimated. Principal component and hierarchical cluster analyses were also performed. The dendrogram showed that at 80% dissimilarity point, the genotypes were grouped into clusters A, B and C in both years. The first two principal components explained 91.8% and 93.3% of the total variation in 2015 and 2016, respectively. Number of grains cob-1, plant height and number of days to physiological maturity were consistent in explaining the variations observed in the maize population. Heritability estimates in broad sense ranged from 1.35% for number of leaves to 87.43% for grain yield per hectare. The genetic parameters studied showed significant variations among the growth, phenological and yield data collected that warrants selection and maize improvement program using the DT maize inbred lines in derived savannah agro-ecology.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Maize (Zea mays L.) Varieties for Moisture Stress Areas in Humbo District, Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Senapathy
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Maize Varieties

Maize is a priority crop to farmers because it is a staple food in many rural communities of the southern region. It is widely grown in the various parts of the southern region, from lowland to mid-highlands. On the other hand, moisture stress is one of the most critical production constraints of maize in low to intermediate agroecology. Thus, developing maize varieties tolerant to moisture is of paramount importance to sustain maize production in moisture areas. In this context, field experiments were conducted during 201617 croppings at Kindo Koyisha and Humbo to select adaptable maize varieties for moisture stress areas with reasonable grain yield. Treatments used in this study were eight maize varieties (BH546, BH547, Gibe II, MH130, Melkasa IV, MH140, Melkasa II, and Melkasa 6Q) and three local cultivars (Local red, Local mixed, and Local white) of the total of eleven maize genotypes were evaluated at two moisture-prone areas in southern Ethiopia. Treatments were laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Maize varieties exhibited different performances at two tested locations. The varieties had the relatively superior performance of Kindo Koyisha as compared to Humbo. The Humbo varieties MH140, MH130, BH546, and Melkasa IV, have yielded relatively higher grain than the rest of the areas. At the same time, the Kindo Koyisha maize varieties expressed relatively better performance concerning grain yield. It has been recorded that the varieties with superior performance with sounding grain yield were BH546, MH140, BH547, and MH130 in these locations. Based on this result, BH546, MH140, and MH130 could be used at both locations. Moreover, BH547 at Bale and Melkasa IV at Humbo also be used in respective locations for production.

scholarly journals Response of Zea mays var. Jala to Burkholderia sp. and Klebsiella oxytogena under reduced urea dose

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-182
Author(s):  
Dieter Plata-Guzmán ◽  
Juan Luis Ignacio-de la Cruz ◽  
Juan Carlos Carrillos-Amezcua ◽  
Juan Manuel Sánchez-Yáñez
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Maize Varieties

Introduction: The growing of maize (zea mays L.) in Latin America is carried out under the intensive production system, which causes loss of soil fertility due to excessive nitrogen fertilizer. Objective: Analyzing the response of maize var. Jala to genera of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) endophytes of maize var. Mexicana (teocintle) when using nitrogen fertilizer such as urea at 50 % under greenhouse and soil conditions. Methodology: A randomized block design was established with five treatments, three controls and twenty repetitions. The treatments with inoculated maize seeds and 50 % urea were: Burkholderia (KO) and Burkholderia sp. 14 (B14); the controls were: non-inoculated maize with 50 % urea (RC1), non-inoculated maize irrigated with water (FC) and non-inoculated maize with 100 % urea (RC2). The experiments were established under greenhouse and soil conditions. The response variables were radical dry weight (RDW) and fresh weight of grain (FWG). ANOVA and Tukey’s mean comparison (P ≤ 0.01) were carried out. Results: In both environments, treatment B14 showed statistically higher values than those obtained with FC (full control), but statistically equal to RC2 (relative control). Study limitations: Maize varieties have specific and beneficial endophytic PGPB genera, which are not necessarily for regional varieties. Originality: PGPB endophytes from teocintle (ancestor of maize) were used because of their close genetic relationship with the maize var. Jala. Conclusion: PGPB endophytes from teocintle are a viable option for sustainable maize production.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Maize Agronomics Performance under low Nitrogen Soil Availability, in Southern Savanna of DR Congo

Afrika Focus ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Pierre Kabongo Tshiabukole ◽  
Gertrude Pongi Khonde ◽  
Amand Mbuya Kankolongo ◽  
Carcy Tshimbombo Jadika ◽  
Roger Kizungu Vumilia
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Dr Congo ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Low Nitrogen

To determine the growing and yield performance of low nitrogen tolerant maize varieties under fertilized and unfertilized conditions, a study was conducted at the Mvuazi Research Center. Nine varieties were tested with and without fertilizer using the micro-dosing method, following the randomized complete block design with two factors. The results showed a difference among varieties in both crop conditions. The average yield with fertilizer was higher than the yield without fertilizer. The varieties LNTP-W C4 and LNTP-Y C7 registered 5.9 t/ha and 3.6 t/ha respectively under fertilized crop conditions and 7.14t/ha and 7.12t/ha under unfertilized crop conditions. Thus, using Low-N can minimize production costs by improving the productivity of soils low in Nitrogen typical of conditions of the southwestern savanna. KEY WORDS: LOW NITROGEN SOIL, LNTP, MAIZE PRODUCTION, FERTILIZER, SAVANNA, INERA-DRC

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