scholarly journals Incidence of helminthes infestation in small ruminants in three Local Government Areas of Plateau State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-92
Author(s):  
P. G. Gofwan ◽  
◽  
S. D. Sudik ◽  
A. J. Dastu ◽  
H. Machido ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Plateau State

Sheep and goats traditionally managed are usually neglected in terms of development programmes including the determination of their parasitic loads. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine the incidence of helminthes infestation in small ruminants in three Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Plateau State, Nigeria. A total of 1800 faecal samples of sheep and goats were collected from June to September, 2020 in three Local Government areas namely Shendam, Mikang and Langtang South. Two hundred (200) samples were collected from each village given a total of 600 samples per LGA. Samples were collected inside white polythene leather, location, species, sex, age and season were carefully labeled. Microscopic examinations of faecal samples were carried out using standard laboratory methods of floatation and sedimentation techniques. Data was analyzed using Chi square test. The results showed that 60.00% of the faecal samples were infested with helminthes and 40% were negative. Majority (34.60%) of the positive samples had mixed parasite infestations while 25.40% had singled infestations. Shendam LGA had the highest (p<0.001) incidence (78.50%) helminthes infestation while Langtang South had the lowest (50.20%). The females’ sheep and goats were significantly infested (p<0.001, p<0.001, respectively) higher (61.00%) than the males (55.20%) while the adult sheep and goats (7 months and above of age) were highly significantly (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively) infested higher (57.40% and 63.70%, respectively) than the young (0-6 months of age) (50.60% and 60.20%, respectively). The sheep and goats infested in the wet season were significantly (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively) higher (76.50%) than in the dry season (43.20%). It may be concluded that 60% of the sheep and goats studied had incidence of helminthes infestation. Therefore, proper housing, feeding, grazing systems, stocking density among other management practices are recommended to improve the productivity of sheep and goats in the area

scholarly journals Infection levels of gastrointestinal parasites in sheep and goats in Papua New Guinea

2012 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Koinari ◽  
S. Karl ◽  
U. Ryan ◽  
A.J. Lymbery
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Parasite Control ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
Faecal Samples

AbstractGastrointestinal parasites of livestock cause diseases of important socio-economic concern worldwide. The present study investigated the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in sheep and goats in lowland and highland regions of Papua New Guinea (PNG). Faecal samples were collected from a total of 165 small ruminants (110 sheep and 55 goats) from February to April 2011. Analysis by a modified McMaster technique revealed that 128 animals (72% of sheep and 89% of goats) were infected with one or more species of gastrointestinal parasites. The gastrointestinal parasites found and their prevalences in sheep (S) and in goats (G) were as follows: strongyle 67.3% (S), 85.5% (G); Eimeria 17.3% (S), 16.4% (G); Strongyloides, 8.2% (S), 23.6% (G); Fasciola, 5.5% (S), 18.2% (G); Trichuris, 1.8% (S), 3.6% (G); and Nematodirus, 1.8% (S), 3.6% (G). Two additional genera were found in goats: Moniezia (9.1%) and Dictocaulus (3.6%). This is the first study to quantitatively examine the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in goats in PNG. The high rates of parasitism observed in the present study are likely to be associated with poor farming management practices, including lack of pasture recovery time, lack of parasite control measures and poor-quality feed.

scholarly journals Isolation ofMycobacterium aviumsubspeciesparatuberculosisfrom non-ruminant wildlife living in the sheds and on the pastures of Greek sheep and goats

2007 ◽  
Vol 136 (5) ◽  
pp. 644-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. FLOROU ◽  
L. LEONTIDES ◽  
P. KOSTOULAS ◽  
C. BILLINIS ◽  
M. SOFIA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Strain ◽  
Insertion Sequence ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Dairy Sheep ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Type Strains

SUMMARYThis study aimed to: (1) investigate whether non-ruminant wildlife interfacing with dairy sheep and goats of four Greek flocks endemically infected withMycobacterium aviumsubspeciesparatuberculosis(MAP) harboured MAP and (2) genetically compare the strains isolated from the wildlife to those isolated from the small ruminants of these flocks. We cultured and screened, by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), pooled-tissue samples from 327 wild animals of 11 species for the MAP-specific IS900insertion sequence. We also cultured faecal samples from 100 sheep or goats from each of the four flocks. MAP was detected in samples from 11 sheep, 12 goats, two mice, two rats, a hare and a fox. Only one rat had histopathological findings. Genetic typing categorized 21 isolates as cattle-type strains and two, from a house mouse and a goat respectively, as sheep-type strains; this is the first report of a rodent harbouring a sheep-type strain. The MAP types that were most frequently isolated amongst the sheep and goats of each flock were also the ones isolated from sympatric rodents; those isolated from the fox and hare also belonged to the predominant ruminant strains.

scholarly journals Reduction rate of nematode egg counts and third-stage larvae development from sheep and goat faeces preserved at 4οC

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 177 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. DRIMTZIA ◽  
E. PAPADOPOULOS
Keyword(s):  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematode ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
Nematode Parasites ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Faecal Egg Counts ◽  
Larvae Development

Gastrointestinal nematode parasites cause major production losses to small ruminants. The most common way to diagnose or monitor the worm burdens in sheep and goats remains the quantitative parasitological examinations, i.e. the faecal egg counts. However, the reliability of the results of such methods depends greatly on the conditions and duration of the storage of the faecal samples prior to examination. The aim of this research was to evaluate the reduction rate and the maximum storage period, without significant losses, of nematode egg counts and third-stage larvae development from sheep and goat faeces preserved at 4οC. Towards this end, a pooled faecal sample was formed by collecting faeces from naturally infected sheep and goats (separately). Faecal egg counts and coprocultures were performed on fresh faeces and on preserved ones every week and up to 119 days post sampling. It was concluded that the preservation at 4oC, i.e. into a refrigerator, of fresh faeces from sheep and goats for parasitological examinations poses danger of misdiagnosis, if not performed in a period not exceeding 3 weeks of time. The rate of reduction of the faecal nematode egg counts starts to be significant lower than the ones performed with fresh samples, for both sheep and goats, after the third week of storage. The percentage of the gastrointestinal nematode larvae developing to the infective third–stage alters significantly for the Haemonchus genus, soon after the first week of storage (p<0.05).

scholarly journals Management Information Needs of Fish Farmers in Egbeda Local Government Area of Oyo State

1970 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-150
Author(s):  
Otobong Micheal Udo ◽  
L.A. Akinbile ◽  
Samuel Ikechukwu Chinkata
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Management Information ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Increase Production Efficiency

This study investigated the management information needs of fish farmers in Egbeda Local Government Area of Oyo State. Structured questionnaire was used to obtain data from one hundred and ten fish farmers randomly selected from four urban and seven rural wards of the area. Data obtained were analyzed using descriptive (frequency, percentage,) and inferential (chi-square and PPMC) statistics. Results show that respondents had average age of 43years, majority were male (64.8%), had primary school as highest educational level (52.4%), had 2-5 ponds, use earthen ponds (55.2%) and had 5-7 years fish farming experience. Information was most needed in hormone identification (x=2.83), fish marketing (x=2.80) and water quality management (x=2.71). Respondents indicated high cost of feed and poaching as a major challenge in fish farming. Respondents’ age (r = -0.233, p = 0.017); management practices (r = 0.209, p =0.032); number of ponds (r = -0.412, p = 0.000) were correlated with management information needs. The study therefore recommends the need for extension agencies to provide robust and timely information in the areas of need highlighted by the fish farmers in order to increase production efficiency and output of the fish farmers.Keywords: Information needs, Fish farmers, Aquaculture

scholarly journals A Targeted Survey for Scrapie in Jos Plateau State, Nigeria

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
O. O. Nwankiti ◽  
E. I. Ikeh ◽  
O. A. Arowolo ◽  
A. J. Nwankiti ◽  
M. O. Odugbo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
Casualty Slaughter ◽  
Plateau State

Scrapie, a disease of sheep and goats with a progressive course and fatal outcome, has not been identified in Nigeria. Anecdotal scrapie reports by livestock workers abound. Livestock diseases like scrapie form huddles in livestock economics of countries. For 8 months we surveyed for scrapie targeting emergency/casualty slaughter sheep and goats in Jos, Nigeria. We clinically examined 510 sheep and 608 goats of local breeds, aged from 12 months to 5 years. In total 31 (5.10%) goats and no sheep were clinically suspicious for scrapie. Caudal brainstem tissues of suspect animals collected postmortem were analyzed for the disease specific form of the prion protein, PrPSc, using Bio-Rad’s TeSeE ELISA rapid test kit. No sample was positive for scrapie. Fluorescent antibody test for rabies and H&E staining on samples were carried out for differential diagnosis. These showed no pathological lesions indicative for neurological disease. While our findings do not exclude the presence of scrapie in Jos, we demonstrate that targeted sampling of small ruminants for neuroinfectious disease is feasible in developing countries, pointing to the possibility of implementing such a monitoring scheme in Nigeria to prevent economic losses in small ruminant livestock as scrapie caveats from endemic countries have shown.

scholarly journals Repercussion of Talent Management on Workforce Retention in Selected Hotels in Madurai

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3S2) ◽  
pp. 312-315
Keyword(s):  
Employee Retention ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Talent Management ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
Workforce Retention ◽  
Basic Functions ◽  
The Impact

Human Resource is one of the basic functions of the organisation that manages the workforce more effectively in achieving the objectives of the organisation. Talent Management is the emerging trend in the HR department. It involves the process from recruiting to retaining the talent pool of employees. This practice concentrate not only on the identified talent of the employees it also makes them develop the unidentified one. Retaining the talented employees is one of the biggest responsibility of an organisation. In the current scenario, holding the abled workforce is difficult for the company. This paper presents the impact of talent management on workforce retention in selected hotels in Madurai. The major objective of this paper is to study the talent management practices which are in progress in the hotels and the interconnection between talent management, employee turnover, and employee retention practices in selected hotels in the study area. A sample of 200 respondents from 5 hotels were chosen. The respondents are from different designation selected under cluster sampling method. Chi-square test was used to substantiate the association between the talent management practices and retentiveness of the employees to the same hotel. The significant value of chi-square at 95% confidence level revealed that there is considerable interrelation between the talent management practices and employee retention strategies in selected hotels in study area.

scholarly journals Prevalence and distribution of dermatophytosis lesions on cattle in Plateau State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1484-1490 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Dalis ◽  
H. M. Kazeem ◽  
J. K. P. Kwaga ◽  
C. N. Kwanashie
Keyword(s):  
Management Practice ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Direct Microscopic Examination ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Health Significance ◽  
Plateau State

Background and Aim: Dermatophytosis is an infection of the superficial, keratinized structures of the skin, nails, and hair of man and animals caused by a group of fungi called dermatophytes in the genera Trichophyton, Microsporum, and Epidermophyton. The prevalence of dermatophytosis among cattle in Nigeria and Plateau State, in particular, is yet to be fully determined. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and the distribution of dermatophytosis lesions on cattle in Plateau State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Four hundred and thirty-seven cattle showing visible skin lesions suggestive of dermatophytosis were drawn from nine local government areas (three each) from the three senatorial districts of Plateau State, Nigeria. Skin scrapings were aseptically collected using a cross-sectional study, in which sampling units were selected using purposive sampling method. Samples were processed for both direct microscopic examination and isolation of dermatophytes in culture. The isolates were stained with lactophenol cotton blue and identified microscopically based on the size, shape, and arrangement of macro- and micro-conidia. The dermatophytes were further identified by determining the sequences of the internal transcribed spacer regions of their ribosomal DNA. Data were analyzed and presented as percentages, bar graph, and Chi-square test of association. p≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The overall prevalence rate of bovine dermatophytosis in Plateau State was found to be 11.0%. Trichophyton verrucosum was more frequently isolated (54.2%) than Trichophyton mentagrophytes (45.8%). Age, breed, management practice, and season were significantly associated with the occurrence of the disease (p<0.05). Conclusion: Dermatophytosis among cattle may be of public health significance in Plateau State, Nigeria. This is the first report on the prevalence and distribution of dermatophytosis lesions on cattle from Plateau State, Nigeria.

scholarly journals Gender, Educational Qualification and Ethnicity Differences in Personal Financial Management Practices among Generation Y in Malaysia

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Rudy Ansar ◽  
Rudy Ansar ◽  
Mohd Rahimie Abd Karim ◽  
Zaiton Osman ◽  
Muhamad Shameer Fahmi
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Generation Y ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Educational Qualification ◽  
The Social ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Ethnicity Differences

This paper examines gender, educational qualification, and ethnicity differences in personal financial management practices among Generation Y in Malaysia. The issue of this study concerns the number of young generation identified as Generation Y, who has been declared bankruptcy keep on increasing year-to-year. Therefore, this study focuses on Generation Y, who was born from 1981 to 2001 and included respondents from all the states of Malaysia. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 25.0 (SPSS 25.0) was used to analyse a total of 119 valid questionnaires collected using the Chi-Square test. The findings displayed that only ethnicity differences in personal financial management practices among Generation Y in Malaysia were found. The results of the study can be used as guidelines by the Malaysian government agencies and policymakers. They can also enhance their knowledge regarding financial needs and education to improve peoples’ personal financial management practices as well as being an alternative in finding the solution to control the bankruptcy problem among members of Generation Y in Malaysia.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Pulmonary Mucormycosis among Poultry Farmers in Barkin Ladi Local Government Area of Plateau

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Dayok O
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Pulmonary Mucormycosis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Poultry Farmers ◽  
Plateau State ◽  
Poultry Farming

This research titled Incidence of Pulmonary Mucormycosis among Poultry Farmers in Barkin Ladi Local Government Area of Plateau State was aimed at determining the number of Poultry Farmers who are infected with pulmonary mucormycosis. Sputum from 100 Poultr y Farmers was investigated by cultivation on Sabouraud’s Dextrose Agar containing antibiotics and examined for fungi. Fungal identification was carried out by direct microscopy and colony morphology using the Papanicolau stain, standard mycological stains and reagents. Consent was obtained from the participants and questionnaires were used to obtain their Bio - data. Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version - 25 software was used for Chi - Square and t - test analyses of the research findings. A total of 6 (6.0%) persons were infected with Mucor, other fungi were isolated in 14 (28%) of the farmers. Abnormal squamous epithelial cells were seen in 24 (48%) and inflammatory cells in 11 (22%) of farmers. Mucor was not isolated from the sputum of Pers ons with mean duration in years of poultry farming activities of 2.5 years and 6.5 years while those with 18.5 and 22.5 years had 2 (%) rate of infection each. Infection with mucor in relation to years of poultry farming was statistically significant,  2 (5) = 16.31, p ≤ 0.05. There was however no significant difference in abnormal substances found in the sputum of males (M = 4.61, SD = 2.05) and the sputum obtained from females (M = 4.33, SD = 1.83); t (109) = 0.742, p = 0.460. There is need for farmers t o regularly use face mask to avoid inhalation of dust. Environmental sanitation should be regularly carried out so as to reduce wastes which serve as breeding ground for fungi. There is also the need for Farmers to also engage in routine medical checkups.

An Assessment of Performance Evaluation Feedback in Governmental Secondary School, Jos North L.G.A Plateau State

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zekeri MOMOH ◽  
Okafor GENEVIEVE CHINWENDU ◽  
Michael KOLO
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Alternative Hypotheses ◽  
Evaluation Feedback ◽  
Plateau State

The aim of this study is to assess the level of Performance evaluation feedback in governmental secondary schools in Jos North Local Government Area. However, both primary and secondary sources of data collection were employed. The primary sources of data were obtained through administering 210 structured questionnaires to teachers in all 21 governmental secondary schools in Jos North Local Government Area (Nigeria). While the secondary sources of data were obtained from text books, journals and internet sources. The three hypotheses study were tested using Chi-square at 0.5% significance level. On the whole, alternative hypotheses of the study were upheld which states that teachers in governmental secondary schools in Jos North Local Government Area are satisfied with the performance evaluation feedback they got. Secondly, that teachers in governmental secondary schools in Jos North Local Government Area get feedback from performance evaluation and that there are diverse opinions on when performance evaluation should be conducted among teachers in governmental secondary schools in Jos North Local Government Area. 

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