scholarly journals Fluid invasion dynamics in porous media with complex wettability and connectivity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arjen Mascini ◽  
Marijn Boone ◽  
Stefanie Van Offenwert ◽  
Shan Wang ◽  
Veerle Cnudde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Materials ◽  
Groundwater Remediation ◽  
Co2 Storage ◽  
Invasion Dynamics ◽  
Pore Networks ◽  
Viscous Forces ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Mixed Wettability ◽  
New Type ◽  
Local Variability

Fluid invasion into porous materials is very common in natural and industrial processes. The fluid invasion dynamics in simple pore networks are governed by a global balance of capillary, viscous and inertial forces. However, significant local variability in this balance may exist inside natural, heterogeneous porous materials. Here, we imaged slow fluid intrusion in two sister samples of a heterogeneous sandstone, one water-wet and one mixed-wet, using high-resolution 4D X-ray imaging. The pore-by-pore fluid invasion dynamics were quantified, revealing a new type of mixed-wet dynamics where 19% of the fluid invasions were orders of magnitude slower than in directly neighboring pores. While conventional understanding predicted strongly capillary-dominated conditions, our analysis suggests that viscous forces played a key role in these dynamics, facilitated by a complex interplay between the mixed-wettability and the pore structure. These previously unknown dynamics highlight the need for further studies on the fundamental controls on multiphase flow in complex natural porous materials, which are abundant in e.g. groundwater remediation and subsurface CO2 storage operations.

Development of imaging plate for a TEM and its characteristics

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 100-101
Author(s):  
N. Mori ◽  
T. Oikawa ◽  
Y. Harada ◽  
J. Miyahara ◽  
T. Matsuo
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Protective Layer ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Imaging Plate ◽  
Phosphor Layer ◽  
Imaging Device ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
New Type ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Reading System

The Imaging Plate (IP) is a new type imaging device, which was developed for diagnostic x ray imaging. We have reported that usage of the IP for a TEM has many merits; those are high sensitivity, wide dynamic range, and good linearity. However in the previous report the reading system was prototype drum-type-scanner, and IP was also experimentally made, which phosphor layer was 50μm thick with no protective layer. So special care was needed to handle them, and they were used only to make sure the basic characteristics. In this article we report the result of newly developed reading, printing system and high resolution IP for practical use. We mainly discuss the characteristics of the IP here. (Precise performance concerned with the reader and other system are reported in the other article.)Fig.1 shows the schematic cross section of the IP. The IP consists of three parts; protective layer, phosphor layer and support.

scholarly journals Hydrogen Bonding in Inclusion Chemistry and Porous Materials

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (a1) ◽  
pp. C533-C533
Author(s):  
Gareth Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Porous Materials ◽  
Crystal Engineering ◽  
Organic Radicals ◽  
Void Space ◽  
Pore Networks ◽  
Guest Species ◽  
Paramagnetic Materials ◽  
Inclusion Chemistry ◽  
Do So

Hydrogen bonding played an important role in the development of crystal engineering and cocrystal formation, and continues to do so. Our take on hydrogen bonding will focus on its consequences on the functional properties of a number of materials based on how hydrogen bonding directionality effects porosity design and inclusion chemistry. The design of molecular porous materials has focused on the production of intrinsic porosity within a number of interesting materials where the intrinsic voids are defined by capsules (tetrahedra in our examples) and macrocycles (2X2 metallocycles in our examples). The crystal engineering of the macrocycle packing efficiencies can result in the intrinsic voids spaces being connected into pore networks allowing for diffusion of guest species such as gases. We will show how the hydrogen bonding of these intrinsically porous molecules can result in an increased porosity through the creation of extrinsic void space.[1] The inclusion chemistry we have investigated has looked at gas and vapour sorption where we have determined the guest:framework interaction of a number of porous materials. This includes the inclusion chemistry of a number of persistent organic radicals where the hydrogen bonding and Pi-Pi stacking interactions with the flexible host material results in paramagnetic materials whereas the pure radical materials tend towards being diamagnetic.[2] We will also describe our crystallographic insights into gas:framework interactions, especially that of the hydrogen bonding of Carbon Dioxide.[3]

Numerical Simulations and Experimental Studies on the Quasi-State Axial Compression Behavior of Steel-Based Porous Materials

2018 ◽  
Vol 933 ◽  
pp. 256-263
Author(s):  
Yan Peng Wei ◽  
Quan Zhan Yang ◽  
Peng Gao ◽  
Zhi Quan Miao ◽  
Jing Chang Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Materials ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Quantitative Relationship ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Static Compression ◽  
Compression Behavior ◽  
New Type ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
The Relationship

As a new type composite material, steel-based porous materials presented the higher stiffness, strength and higher temperature resistance in comparison with the nonferrous metals. In order to realize the free-design of pore structure and free-control of porosity of steel-based porous material, indirect 3D printing technology combined with the investment casting process has been used to fabricate the steel-based porous materials. The finite element method has been carried out to study the relationship between the porosity and the mechanical properties by quasi-static compression simulation, which is consistent with compression test. The modified Gibson-Ashby formula is used to establish the quantitative relationship between porosity and elastic modulus and yield strength of steel-based porous materials based on Kelvin structure.

New type of x-ray imaging intensifier

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Li ◽  
Lichen Fu ◽  
Tangren Dan ◽  
Delong Jiang ◽  
Qingduo Duanmu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
New Type

Measurements of the intercombination and forbidden lines from the spectra of helium-like ions in tokamaks and electron beam ion traps

2008 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 291-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Bitter ◽  
K W Hill ◽  
S von Goeler ◽  
W Stodiek ◽  
P Beiersdorfer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Radial Profile ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Ion Traps ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Spatially Resolved ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Radial Profiles ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
New Type

The paper reviews the results from tokamak experiments and measurements on electron beam ion traps for the line ratios x/w, y/w, and z/w in the spectra of helium-like ions with Z in the range from 14 to 28. With the exception of the DITE experiments, where these line ratios were found to be in agreement with theoretical predictions, all other tokamak experiments yielded values that were significantly greater than predicted. The reasons for these discrepancies are not yet understood. It is possible that radial profile effects were not properly taken into account in the majority of the tokamak experiments. The paper also gives a short historical review of the X-ray diagnostic developments and presents very recent data from a new type of X-ray imaging crystal spectrometer, which records spatially resolved spectra with a spatial resolution of about 1 cm in the plasma. These new data can be Abel inverted, so that it will be possible to determine line ratios at each radial position in the plasma. Effects of radial profiles, which may have affected the chord-integrated measurements of the past, will thus be eliminated in the future. PACS Nos.: 52.55.Fa, 32.30.Rj

Liquid intrusion and alternative methods for the characterization of macroporous materials (IUPAC Technical Report)

2011 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Rouquerol ◽  
Gino Baron ◽  
Renaud Denoyel ◽  
Herbert Giesche ◽  
Johan Groen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Materials ◽  
Capillary Condensation ◽  
Mercury Porosimetry ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Pore Networks ◽  
Statistical Reconstruction ◽  
Technical Report ◽  
Hierarchical Pore

This document deals with the characterization of porous materials having pore widths in the macropore range of 50 nm to 500 μm. In recent years, the development of advanced adsorbents and catalysts (e.g., monoliths having hierarchical pore networks) has brought about a renewed interest in macropore structures. Mercury intrusion–extrusion porosimetry is a well-established method, which is at present the most widely used for determining the macropore size distribution. However, because of the reservations raised by the use of mercury, it is now evident that the principles involved in the application of mercury porosimetry require reappraisal and that alternative methods are worth being listed and evaluated. The reliability of mercury porosimetry is discussed in the first part of the report along with the conditions required for its safe use. Other procedures for macropore size analysis, which are critically examined, include the intrusion of other non-wetting liquids and certain wetting liquids, capillary condensation, liquid permeation, imaging, and image analysis. The statistical reconstruction of porous materials and the use of macroporous reference materials (RMs) are also examined. Finally, the future of macropore analysis is discussed.

Researches Regarding Water Aeration Using a New Type of Fine Bubble Generator

2014 ◽  
Vol 905 ◽  
pp. 492-497
Author(s):  
Mihaela Vlăsceanu ◽  
Nicolae Băran ◽  
Mihai Băran
Keyword(s):  
Porous Materials ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Constructive Solution ◽  
Experimental Stand ◽  
Fine Bubble ◽  
Spark Erosion ◽  
New Type ◽  
Nozzle Plate ◽  
Experimental Researches

The purpose of the paper is to demonstrate that the age of porous diffusers manufactured by ceramic, plastic or other porous materials declined. Following theoretical and experimental researches, the author built a new type of fine bubble generator whose nozzle plate is manufactured by spark erosion. The constructive solution of the fine bubble generator is presented; the scheme of the experimental stand developed at POLITEHNICA University of Bucharest is subsequently exposed. The final section of the paper presents the results of the experimental research, which are compared to data existing in specialty literature.

scholarly journals Dark-field X-ray imaging of unsaturated water transport in porous materials

2014 ◽  
Vol 105 (15) ◽  
pp. 154105 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Yang ◽  
F. Prade ◽  
M. Griffa ◽  
I. Jerjen ◽  
C. Di Bella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Materials ◽  
Water Transport ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Imaging
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