Application of mathematical tools and techniques in monitoring and predicting stainless steel corrosion in river water media environment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Tools And Techniques ◽  
Fresh Water Environment

The application of mathematical tools and techniques were applied in the process of monitoring and predicting the corrosion rate and weight loss of stainless steel in salt and fresh water environment of Niger Delta region in Nigeria. The functional parameters used in the mathematical demonstration to compute the corrosion rate and weight loss were obtained from the experimental data and these functional coefficients were fitted into the power and quadratic model. The experimental corrosion rate and weight loss value was compared with the theoretical computed value for both model of quadratic and power concept approach and the result obtained demonstrate a good match indicating the reliability of the concepts on monitoring and predicting the process. In this case, the corrosion rate and weight loss was experienced to be more rapid in the salt water environment than the fresh water environment; this can be attributed to the characteristics of the salt water concentration of the physicochemical parameters that is a major contributing factor for increase in corrosion rate and weight of metals in aqueous media.

Corrosion Behavior of Duplex Stainless Steel in Industrial White Liquor

CORROSION ◽  
10.5006/2558 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 543-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiza Esteves ◽  
Mônica M.A.M. Schvartzman ◽  
Wagner Reis da Costa Campos ◽  
Vanessa F.C. Lins
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Duplex Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Extrapolation Method ◽  
White Liquor ◽  
Duplex Steel ◽  
Kraft Mill ◽  
Lower Corrosion Rate

Specimens of lean duplex and duplex stainless steel were exposed at 200°C in industrial white liquor from a Brazilian kraft mill using an autoclave to simulate the same conditions of digester processing. Tafel extrapolation method and weight loss were used to evaluate corrosion behavior of duplex steel in white liquor. The higher alloy steel, although presenting a lower corrosion rate than the lean duplex, presents a more severe selective attack on ferrite, at 200°C and 1.8 MPa, after Tafel extrapolation method in industrial white liquor.

scholarly journals "Mineralogical & Petrographic Microfacies Study of the Zahraa formation (Pliocene– Pleistocene) in Sawa Lake Surrounding area- IRAQ "

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-20
Author(s):  
Saleh A. Lazam
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Lake Area ◽  
Surrounding Area ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Project Area ◽  
Mineralogical Study ◽  
Fresh Water Environment

"Mineralogical, Petorographic Microfacies study has been done on (16) samples of Zahraa formation (Pliocene – Pleistocene) of outcrop in Surrounded Sawa Lake area. The mineralogical study showed that Calcite is the main mineral within the rock formation, whereas the upper rocks of Zahraa Formation consist silty or sandy claystone is dominant in the middle and the upper portion, in addition to quartz, clay minerals, iron oxide and organic matter as insoluble residues. From thin sections study, Three main microfacies have been identified which are: Charophyte shelly bioclastic wackestone, Charophyte shelly bioclastic dolowackestone and Algal wackestone. Based on microfacies study and its fossils content, it has been possible to determine the depositional environment of Zahraa Formation which deposits in the area of the presence of Charaphytes, indicates fresh water environment. From the depositioal situation and the large extension in the project area, the type of fresh water environment is ephemeral freshen water lakes."

Feasibility Study on Optimisation of Material Selection for High Temperature Sour Gas Producer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Helmi Nordin ◽  
M. Wahidullah Moh Wahi ◽  
Amresh Sashidharan ◽  
Nurfuzaini A. Karim ◽  
Alif Syahrizad Ramli
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Stress Corrosion Cracking ◽  
Martensitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Working Temperature ◽  
Fit For Purpose ◽  
Selection For

Abstract K field is a green field in East Malaysia with prolific gas reserves that is being developed with six high rate gas producing wells from high temperature (190 °C) carbonate reservoir. Tubular material feasibility study is one of the key subjects of scrutiny when it comes to completing wells in high temperature environment coupled with existence of significant level of H2S and CO2 contents. Material testing was conducted at the specified test environments (102 bar CO2 + 120ppm H2S) and load cases to assess susceptibility of Martensitic Stainless Steel to Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC), corrosion rate and compatibility with completion brine. The aim was to optimize the material selection that is fit for purpose (lower completion and flow-wetted area of production casing) and reduce well cost up to USD 2.5 million. The base case of material selection for flow-wetted section is 17CR110 ksi, which meets the design requirements of these wells based on fit for purpose test conducted in the data base. Flow-wetted section in this case is production liner and flow-wetted section of production casing below production packer. Super 13CR -110 ksi and 15CR125 ksi material grades were considered for design optimization for this section of interest. Four Point Bend Method was used for SCC test sets while weight loss method for corrosion rate measurement. For brine compatibility test, calcium bromide (without additive) was used as test solution for 17CR 110 ksi, 15CR 125 ksi and Super 13CR -110 ksi with elevated temperature of 190 °C. Post-test assessment was conducted by visual examination by stereomicroscope to check for surface indication and dye-penetrant examination to determine any indication of cracks. It was observed that the Super 13CR -110 ksi and 15CR 125 ksi test specimens survived the test with no pitting observed. Meanwhile, test specimens were weighed to determine corrosion rates, resulted to Super 13CR -110 ksi sample having an average corrosion rate of 0.2195 mm/year. This translates to less than 30% weight loss throughout well production life and therefore accepted for open-hole production liner and production casing flow-wetted section. Key enabler in this design optimization effort is the understanding of the Stress Corrosion Cracking for martensitic stainless steel in high temperature sour environment where commonly, martensitic stainless steel (Super 13Cr / Modified Super 13Cr) working temperature is 165 °C. The test manages to extend the working temperature up to 190 °C.

scholarly journals Ceriodaphnia dubia as a Potential Bio-Indicator for Assessing Acute Aluminum Oxide Nanoparticle Toxicity in Fresh Water Environment

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. e74003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunandan Pakrashi ◽  
Swayamprava Dalai ◽  
Ahmed Humayun ◽  
Sujay Chakravarty ◽  
Natarajan Chandrasekaran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Oxide ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Ceriodaphnia Dubia ◽  
Nanoparticle Toxicity ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticle ◽  
Fresh Water Environment

scholarly journals Effect of Minor Alloying Elements on the Corrosion Behavior of Fe40Al in NaCl-KCl Molten Salts

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Salinas ◽  
J. G. Gonzalez-Rodriguez ◽  
J. Porcayo-Calderon ◽  
V. M. Salinas-Bravo ◽  
M. A. Espinoza-Medina
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Molten Salts ◽  
Electrochemical Techniques ◽  
The Other ◽  
Type Stainless Steel ◽  
Waste Gasification

The hot corrosion behavior of Fe40Al intermetallic alloyed with Ag, Cu, Li, and Ni (1–5 at.%) in NaCl-KCl (1 : 1 M) at 670°C, typical of waste gasification environments, has been evaluated by using polarization curves and weight loss techniques and compared with a 304-type stainless steel. Both gravimetric and electrochemical techniques showed that all different Fe40Al-base alloys have a much higher corrosion resistance than that for stainless steel. Among the different Fe40Al-based alloys, the corrosion rate was very similar among each other, but it was evident that the addition of Li decreased their corrosion rate whereas all the other elements increased it. Results have been explained in terms of the formation and stability of an external, protective Al2O3layer.

scholarly journals Corrosion Behavior of Materials Al5083 Alloy, 316L Stainless Steel and A681 Carbon Steel in Seawater

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Gina Genoveva ISTRATE ◽  
Alina Crina MUREȘAN
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Aluminium Alloys ◽  
Saturated Calomel Electrode ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Test Technique

In this paper the corrosion behavior of different materials has been evaluated based on exposure in seawater. The laboratory immersion test technique has been applied to evaluate the effect of seawater on the corrosion behavior of different materials. In three sets of experiments, carbon steels (A681 Type O7), austenitic stainless steels (316L) and aluminium alloys (Al5083) were utilized. The specimens were fixed fully submerged in seawater. The corrosion process was evaluated using weight loss method, open-circuit potential measurements (OCP) and polarization techniques. To determine gravimetric index and the rate of penetration, samples were immersed in corrosive environment for 89 days and weighed periodically. The electrochemical experiments were conducted with a Potentiostat/Galvanostat (PGP 201) analyzer. It was connected to a PC. The Voltamaster software was used for electrochemical data analysis. A three-electrode cell composed of a specimen as a working electrode, Pt as counter electrode, and saturated calomel electrode (SCE) (Hg (l)/ Hg2Cl2 (s)) as a reference electrode were used for the tests. The weight loss tests revealed the lowest corrosion rate values for stainless steel and aluminium alloys, indicating a beneficial use for these materials in marine environments. The potentiodynamic method shows that the lowest corrosion rate in seawater (2.8 μm /year) was obtained for the Al5083 alloy, and the highest value of the corrosion rate (41.67 μm/year) for A681 carbon steel.

scholarly journals Biodiesel Potentials of Microalgal Strains Isolated from Fresh Water Environment

2021 ◽  
pp. 100367
Author(s):  
Seun Oyelami ◽  
Nurudeen A. Azeez ◽  
Abideen A. Adekanmi ◽  
Opeyemi B. Ologunye ◽  
Sulaiman A. Adedigba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Fresh Water Environment
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