Chemical characteristics and nutritional potentials of unsaturated fatty acids

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Reduce Blood Pressure ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Unsaturated Oil ◽  
And Control

The oil has wide range of therapeutic and culinary applications. Saturated (SFAs), unsaturated (USFAs) like monounsaturated (MUFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). It also contains the ω-3 fatty acid i.e. linolenic acid (ALA), ω-6 i.e. linoleic acid (LA) and ω-9 i.e., oleic acid (OA). These PUFAs are most beneficial to human health and in prevention and control of various diseases. The seeds oil contains SFAs, USFAs (MUFAs and PUFAs). Unsaturated oil has most beneficial to human health and in prevention and control of various diseases such as cancer, inflammation, rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular disorders, coronary heart disease (CHD), specifically for its ability to reduce blood pressure and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and other health benefits.

scholarly journals Effect of atorvastatin and rosuvasta tin on the fatty acid spectrum of lymphocyte membranes in patients with unstable angina

2020 ◽  
pp. 92-95
Author(s):  
T.V. Bogdan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Unstable Angina ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Membrane Phospholipids ◽  
Stabilization Of Membranes ◽  
Dynamic Structures

Numerous studies have demonstrated the superiority of rosuvastatin over other statins in the treatment of cardiovascular disease. It has been proven that rosuvastatin is more effectively lowers low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients with cardiovascular disease than other members of this drug group. Despite the known mechanisms of action of statins on blood lipids, their effective use in patients with cardiovascular disease, as well as side effects, the influence of these drugs on the fatty acid spectrum of lymphocyte (LC) membrane phospholipids in patients with ischemic heart disease remains unexplored. The results of the studies cited in the article indicate that, in patients with unstable angina who received the therapy that included rosuvastatin, unlike patients receiving the basic treatment with atorvastatin, the relative phosphate lipid contents of palmitic, stearic, and stearin arachidonic polyunsaturated fatty acids and the amount of unsaturated fatty acids are normalized, which testifies to the stabilization of membranes as dynamic structures.

Variation in Human Erythrocyte Membrane Unsaturated Fatty Acids: Correlation With Cardiovascular Disease

2010 ◽  
Vol 134 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
Jorge L. Sepulveda ◽  
Yvette C. Tanhehco ◽  
Monica Frey ◽  
Lida Guo ◽  
Lorna J. Cropcho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Vascular Disease ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Fa Composition ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Trans Fa ◽  
Cis And Trans

Abstract Context.—Whether cell membrane fatty acid (FA) composition is a useful indicator of vascular disease is unclear. Objective.—To study variation of erythrocyte (RBC) membrane FA in samples from healthy volunteers, hospitalized patients, and cardiac troponin I–elevated patients with myocardial damage without a priori assumptions as to FA composition. Design.—We separated FAs extracted from RBCs by gas chromatography and identified them by mass spectrometry. Fatty acids with abundance greater than 1% of total were quantified and compared: hexadecanoic (C16:0), octadecadienoic (C18:2), cis- and trans-octadecenoic (C18:1), and eicosatetraenoic (C20:4) acids. Deuterated standards established proportionality of FA recovery. The cis- and trans-C18:1 identification was verified by comparison with standards. Results.—In troponin-positive samples, C18:2 to C18:1 ratios were increased 30% compared with healthy controls or with random patient samples. Erythrocyte trans-C18:1 had a wide variation, ∼10-fold, in all groups but without differences between groups. Replicates showed that the wide range of RBC trans-FA load is not due to analytic variation. In healthy subjects, the RBC content of lower– molecular weight FAs (C16-C18) correlated with serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, but despite the established relationship between dietary trans-FA and increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, lipid profiles had no correlation with RBC trans-FA content. Conclusions.—Erythrocyte accumulation of unsaturated FA may be a useful indicator of vascular disease, whereas the wide range in trans-FAs suggests that both diet and genetic variation affect RBC trans-FA accumulation. Unsaturated FAs increase membrane fluidity and may reflect a natural response to subclinical vascular changes, which may in turn reflect increased risk of clinical disease.

scholarly journals Very-Low-Density Lipoprotein: Complex Particles in Cardiac Energy Metabolism

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
You-Guo Niu ◽  
Rhys D. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Very Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Nonesterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cardiac Energy Metabolism ◽  
Cardiac Energy

The heart is a major consumer of energy and is able to utilise a wide range of substrates including lipids. Nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) were thought to be a favoured carbon source, but their quantitative contribution is limited because of their relative histotoxicity. Circulating triacylglycerols (TAGs) in the form of chylomicrons (CMs) and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) are an alternative source of fatty acids and are now believed to be important in cardiac metabolism. However, few studies on cardiac utilisation of VLDL have been performed and the role of VLDL in cardiac energy metabolism remains unclear. Hearts utilise VLDL to generate ATP, but the oxidation rate of VLDL-TAG is relatively low under physiological conditions; however, in certain pathological states switching of energy substrates occurs and VLDL may become a major energy source for hearts. We review research regarding myocardial utilisation of VLDL and suggest possible roles of VLDL in cardiac energy metabolism: metabolic regulator and extracardiac energy storage for hearts.

scholarly journals SUBSTITUTION OF FISH MEAL WITH EARTHWORM MEAL (Lumbricus rubellus) ON FEED TOWARD UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS, TRIGLYCERIDE, LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN (LDL) AND HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN (HDL) CONTENT ON NILE TILAPIA’S (Oreochromis niloticus) MEAT

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guruh Firnanda Reynaldy
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lumbricus Rubellus ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Lower Protein ◽  
Omega 6

Earthworm meal can be used to replaced fish meal because earthworm meal has higher protein than fish meal. Earthworms can be used as meal which can replace fish meal which has a lower protein value than earthworm meal. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of substitution of fish meal with earthworm meal can increase the content of unsaturated fatty acids and HDL and reduce triglycerides and LDL on tilapia’s meat. This study was designed using a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 5 replications. The dose given at each treatment is 0%, 30% 35%, 40%, 45%. Treatments were conducted for 45 days, by feeding 5% of the weight of biomass with a frequency of 3 times a day. The results of this study were able to increase the content of oleic acid, triglycerides and HDL and reduce LDL (P <0.05). Substitution of earthworm meal has no effect on the content of omega 3 and omega 6 meat of tilapia (P> 0.05).

Quercetin alters energy metabolism in swimming mice

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 912-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianquan Wu ◽  
Weina Gao ◽  
Jingyu Wei ◽  
Jijun Yang ◽  
Lingling Pu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Physical Endurance ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Metabolomic Analysis ◽  
Nonesterified Fatty Acids

Quercetin has been demonstrated to be effective in increasing physical endurance in mice and humans. However, the mechanisms involved are not fully understood. In this study, male Kunming mice were fed a diet containing 0.1% quercetin for 14 days before swimming for 60 min. The overall serum metabolic profile was investigated by a 1H nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomic approach. Serum glucose, lactate, nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), and nonprotein nitrogen (NPN), as well as hepatic and muscular glycogen were measured biochemically. The results of metabolomic analysis showed that swimming induced a significant change in serum metabolic profile. Relative increases in the levels of lactate, alanine, low-density lipoprotein–very low-density lipoprotein, and unsaturated fatty acids, and decreases in choline, phosphocholine, and glucose were observed after swimming. With quercetin supplementation, these changes were attenuated. The results of biochemical assays were consistent with the data obtained from metabolomic analysis, in that serum NEFA was increased while lactate and NPN decreased after exposed to quercetin in swimming mice. Similar change in NEFA was also found in liver and gastrocnemius muscle tissues. Our current findings suggest that quercetin alters energy metabolism in swimming mice and increased lipolysis may contribute to the actions of quercetin on physical endurance.

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