scholarly journals IGF2 is differentially expressed in the tumors of breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahan Mamoor

Trastuzumab (Herceptin) is a monoclonal antibody targeting the extracellular domain of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) (1) utilized for the treatment of adjuvant and metastatic breast cancer (2) in the United States and worldwide. We mined published microarray and gene expression data (3, 4) to discover in an unbiased manner the most significant transcriptional changes associated with trastuzumab treatment. We identified the growth factor IGF2 as among the genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer treated with trastuzumab. The primary tumors of breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab expressed significantly higher levels of IGF2 messenger RNA than did patients not treated with trastuzumab, and a single administration of trastuzumab was sufficient to result in differential expression of IGF2 in primary tumors of the breast, demonstrating increased expression of a growth factor encoded at a paternally imprinted locus (5) as a direct transcriptional result of treatment with trastuzumab.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahan Mamoor

Trastuzumab (Herceptin) is a monoclonal antibody targeting the extracellular domain of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) (1) utilized for the treatment of adjuvant and metastatic breast cancer (2) in the United States and worldwide. We mined published microarray and gene expression data (3, 4) to discover in an unbiased manner the most significant transcriptional changes associated with trastuzumab treatment. We identified FGF10 among the genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer treated with trastuzumab. The primary tumors of breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab expressed higher levels of FGF10 messenger RNA than did patients not treated with trastuzumab, and a single administration of trastuzumab was sufficient to result in differential expression of FGF10 in primary tumors of the breast, demonstrating increased expression of a growth factor which provides signals to support development of the limbs and for the differentiation of radial glial cells from neuronal progenitor cells (5-7) as a direct transcriptional consequence of treatment with trastuzumab.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahan Mamoor

Trastuzumab (Herceptin) is a monoclonal antibody targeting the extracellular domain of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) (1) utilized for the treatment of adjuvant and metastatic breast cancer (2) in the United States and worldwide. We mined published microarray and gene expression data (3, 4) to discover in an unbiased manner the most significant transcriptional changes associated with trastuzumab treatment. We identified the growth factor FGF1 as among the genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer treated with trastuzumab. The primary tumors of breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab expressed higher levels of FGF1 messenger RNA than did patients not treated with trastuzumab, and a single administration of trastuzumab was sufficient to result in differential expression of FGF1 in primary tumors of the breast, demonstrating that increased expression of a growth factor (5) whose therapeutic blockade results in decreased primary tumor volume and impairment of lung metastasis (6) as a direct transcriptional result of treatment with trastuzumab.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahan Mamoor

Trastuzumab (Herceptin) is a monoclonal antibody targeting the extracellular domain of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) (1) utilized for the treatment of adjuvant and metastatic breast cancer (2) in the United States and worldwide. We mined published microarray and gene expression data (3, 4) to discover in an unbiased manner the most striking transcriptional features of trastuzumab treatment. We identified the deleted in colorectal cancer locus DCC (5, 6) as among the genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer treated with trastuzumab. The primary tumors of breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab expressed higher levels of DCC messenger RNA than did patients not treated with trastuzumab, and a single administration of trastuzumab was sufficient to result in differential expression of DCC in primary tumors of the breast, demonstrating that a gene encoding for a netrin receptor, cellular machinery utilized for axon guidance in the central nervous system (5-9), is transcriptionally induced in primary tumors of the breast following treatment with trastuzumab.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahan Mamoor

Trastuzumab (Herceptin) is a monoclonal antibody targeting the extracellular domain of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) (1) utilized for the treatment of adjuvant and metastatic breast cancer (2) in the United States and worldwide. We mined published microarray and gene expression data (3, 4) to discover in an unbiased manner the most striking transcriptional features of trastuzumab treatment. We identified the megakaryocyte-associated tyrosine kinase MATK (5, 6) as among the genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer treated with trastuzumab. The primary tumors of breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab expressed higher levels of MATK messenger RNA than did patients not treated with trastuzumab, and a single administration of trastuzumab was sufficient to result in differential expression of MATK in primary tumors of the breast, demonstrating that a platelet-expressed tyrosine kinase (5, 6) that interacts with the receptor for the stem cell factor (7) is likely transcriptionally induced in primary tumors of the breast by trastuzumab.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahan Mamoor

Trastuzumab (Herceptin) is a monoclonal antibody targeting the extracellular domain of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) (1) utilized for the treatment of adjuvant and metastatic breast cancer (2) in the United States and worldwide. We mined published microarray and gene expression data (3, 4) to discover in an unbiased manner the most significant transcriptional changes associated with trastuzumab treatment. We identified NEUROD4 among the genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer treated with trastuzumab. The primary tumors of breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab expressed higher levels of NEUROD4 messenger RNA than did patients not treated with trastuzumab, and a single administration of trastuzumab was sufficient to result in differential expression of NEUROD4 in primary tumors of the breast, demonstrating increased expression of a transcription factor with neurogenic potential (5, 6) as a direct transcriptional consequence of treatment with trastuzumab.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahan Mamoor

Trastuzumab (Herceptin) is a monoclonal antibody targeting the extracellular domain of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) (1) utilized for the treatment of adjuvant and metastatic breast cancer (2) in the United States and worldwide. We mined published microarray and gene expression data (3, 4) to discover in an unbiased manner the most significant transcriptional changes associated with trastuzumab treatment. We identified ENHO among the genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer treated with trastuzumab. The primary tumors of breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab expressed higher levels of ENHO messenger RNA than did patients not treated with trastuzumab, and a single administration of trastuzumab was sufficient to result in differential expression of ENHO in primary tumors of the breast, demonstrating increased expression of a molecule involved in regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism and whose expression is modulated by high-fat diet (5) as a direct transcriptional consequence of treatment with trastuzumab.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahan Mamoor

Trastuzumab (Herceptin) is a monoclonal antibody targeting the extracellular domain of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) (1) utilized for the treatment of adjuvant and metastatic breast cancer (2) in the United States and worldwide. We mined public and published microarray data (3, 4) to discover in an unbiased manner the most significant transcriptional changes associated with trastuzumab treatment. We identified the plant homeodomain (PHD) finger protein 20, PHF20, as among the genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer treated with trastuzumab. The primary tumors of breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab expressed lower levels of PHF20 messenger RNA than did patients not treated with trastuzumab, demonstrating decreased primary tumor expression of an epigenetic molecule which is described to stabilize and activate the tumor suppressor p53 (5) as a direct or indirect transcriptional consequence of treatment with trastuzumab.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahan Mamoor

Trastuzumab (Herceptin) is a monoclonal antibody targeting the extracellular domain of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) (1) utilized for the treatment of adjuvant and metastatic breast cancer (2) in the United States and worldwide. We mined published microarray and gene expression data (3, 4) to discover in an unbiased manner the most striking transcriptional features of trastuzumab treatment. We identified the cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) (5) as among the genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer treated with trastuzumab. The primary tumors of breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab expressed higher levels of IL-6 messenger RNA than did patients not treated with trastuzumab, and a single administration of trastuzumab was sufficient to result in differential expression of IL-6 in primary tumors of the breast, suggesting that increased primary tumor expression of IL-6 in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer, a cytokine whose serum levels are correlated with worse patient survival outcomes in metastatic breast cancer (6), is a direct transcriptional result of treatment with trastuzumab.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahan Mamoor

Trastuzumab (Herceptin) is a monoclonal antibody targeting the extracellular domain of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) (1) utilized for the treatment of adjuvant and metastatic breast cancer (2) in the United States and worldwide. We mined published microarray and gene expression data (3, 4) to discover in an unbiased manner the most significant transcriptional changes associated with trastuzumab treatment. We identified the slit guidance ligand 1, encoded by SLIT1, as among the genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer treated with trastuzumab. The primary tumors of breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab expressed higher levels of SLIT1 messenger RNA than did patients not treated with trastuzumab, and a single administration of trastuzumab was sufficient to result in differential expression of SLIT1 in primary tumors of the breast, demonstrating increased expression of a ligand involved in guidance of axon migration in the central nervous system (5-9) as a direct transcriptional consequence of treatment with trastuzumab.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahan Mamoor

Trastuzumab (Herceptin) is a monoclonal antibody targeting the extracellular domain of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) (1) utilized for the treatment of adjuvant and metastatic breast cancer (2) in the United States and worldwide. We mined published microarray and gene expression data (3, 4) to discover in an unbiased manner the most significant transcriptional changes associated with trastuzumab treatment. We identified the protocadherin 11, Y-linked, PCDH11Y, as among the genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer treated with trastuzumab. The primary tumors of breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab expressed higher levels of PCDH11Y messenger RNA than did patients not treated with trastuzumab, demonstrating increased expression of a neuronal cell adhesion molecule (5, 6) as a transcriptional consequence of treatment with trastuzumab.


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