PROSES PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL DARI CAMPURAN MINYAK KELAPA DAN MINYAK JELANTAH

Konversi ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Muthia Elma ◽  
Satria Anugerah Suhendra ◽  
Wahyuddin Wahyuddin
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Esterification Reaction ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Ester Content ◽  
Total Glycerol

Abstrak-Indonesia memiliki hasil produksi buah kelapa yang hanya dimanfaatkan untuk memasak. Minyak jelantah merupakan hasil dari sisa penggorengan rumah tangga yang setelah penggunaanya menjadi limbah dan dapat mencemari lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memproduksi biodiesel dengan memanfaatkan campuran antara minyak kelapa dan minyak jelantah terhadap efek penambahan metanol dan waktu reaksi optimum dari pembuatan biodiesel. Proses produksi biodiesel dari campuran kedua bahan baku menggunakan proses dimana minyak kelapa dan minyak jelantah dicampurkan berdasarkan %-v/v dari 200 mL dengan perbandingan minyak jelantah (MJ) dan minyak kelapa (MK) yaitu 100MJ:0MK; 75MJ:25MK; 50MJ:50MK; 25MJ:75MK; dan 0MJ:100MK dengan komposisi metanol serta esterifikasi 38%; 30%; 28%; 19% serta untuk trasesterifikasi 19%; 20%; 21%; 25%. Pada reaksi esterifikasi menggunakan komposisi katalis H2SO4 0,5%, dan transesterifikasi menggunakan katalis KOH 0,9%. Yield yang dihasilkan dari penelitian ini adalah: 100MJ:0MK 92,15%; 93,65%, 75MJ:25MK (96,65%), 50MJ:50MK (95,11%), 25MJ:25MK (96,65%) dan 100MK:0MJ (82,65%). Analisa gliserol total yang didapat pada penelitian ini adalah 100MJ:0M (0,19%), 75MJ:25MK (0,21%), 50MJ:50MK (0,23%) 25MJ:25MK (0,22%) dan 100MK:0MJ (0,26%). Dari hasil analisa gliserol total tersebut didapat sampel yang terbaik yakni 50MJ:50MK dengan nilai glirserol total 0,23% dengan waktu 60 menit untuk esterifikasi dan 70 menit untuk transesterifikasi, dengan analisa angka asam yang didapatkan sebesar 0,2117, angka penyabunan 198,41; ester content  yang didapat sebesar 98,163% water content untuk sebesar 0,56 ppm. Keseluruhan dari hasil analisa biodiesel tersebut memenuhi standar EN 14214.  Kata kunci: minyak kelapa, minyak jelantah, biodiesel, FFA, trigliserida, gliserol total.  Abstract-Coconut oil is normally produced as cooking oil in some areas in Indonesia. However, palm oil mostly produced by industries as vegetable/cooking oil.Waste cooking oil from palm oil becomes a big problem in the environment, and creates pollution. This research aims to use waste cooking oil to produce biodiesel by mixing waste cooking oil and coconut oil. Those mixed oils become raw materials for this proces. The composition of the mixtures are  100MJ: 0MK; 75MJ: 25MK; 50MJ: 50MK; 25MJ: 75MK; and 0MJ: 100MK (% v / v of waste cooking oil (MJ) and coconut oil (MK)).The total of 200 mL oil mixtures was used for the esterification process with methanol composition were 38%; 30%; 28%; and trans-esterification were 19%; 20%; 21%; 23%. Esterification reaction was using the 0,5% H2SO4 as a catalyst, while transesterification was using 0.9% KOH as catalyst. The yield of biodiesel this reaserch were: 100MJ: 0MK (92.15%), 75MJ: 25MK (96.65%), 50MJ: 50MK (95.11%), 25MJ: 25MK (96.65%) and 100MK: 0MJ (82.65%). Furthermore, the total glycerol values were 100MJ:0MK (0.19%), 75MJ: 25MK (0.21%), 50MJ:50MK (0.23%) 25MJ: 25MK (0.22%) and 100MK: 0MJ (0.26%). EN14214 standard shows that the best composition of mixtured oils was 50MJ:50MK. Then, the total glycerol was 0.23% (60-70 minutes for the esterification and transesterification reaction). Acid number value was 0.2117, saponification number was 198.41; ester content was 98.163% and water content was 0.56 ppm.  Keywords: coconut oil, waste cooking oil, biodiesel, FFA, triglyceride, total glycerol.

scholarly journals PROSES PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL DARI CAMPURAN MINYAK KELAPA DAN MINYAK JELANTAH

Konversi ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Muthia Elma ◽  
Satria Anugerah Suhendra ◽  
Wahyuddin Wahyuddin
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Esterification Reaction ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Ester Content ◽  
Total Glycerol

Abstrak-Indonesia memiliki hasil produksi buah kelapa yang hanya dimanfaatkan untuk memasak. Minyak jelantah merupakan hasil dari sisa penggorengan rumah tangga yang setelah penggunaanya menjadi limbah dan dapat mencemari lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memproduksi biodiesel dengan memanfaatkan campuran antara minyak kelapa dan minyak jelantah terhadap efek penambahan metanol dan waktu reaksi optimum dari pembuatan biodiesel. Proses produksi biodiesel dari campuran kedua bahan baku menggunakan proses dimana minyak kelapa dan minyak jelantah dicampurkan berdasarkan %-v/v dari 200 mL dengan perbandingan minyak jelantah (MJ) dan minyak kelapa (MK) yaitu 100MJ:0MK; 75MJ:25MK; 50MJ:50MK; 25MJ:75MK; dan 0MJ:100MK dengan komposisi metanol serta esterifikasi 38%; 30%; 28%; 19% serta untuk trasesterifikasi 19%; 20%; 21%; 25%. Pada reaksi esterifikasi menggunakan komposisi katalis H2SO4 0,5%, dan transesterifikasi menggunakan katalis KOH 0,9%. Yield yang dihasilkan dari penelitian ini adalah: 100MJ:0MK 92,15%; 93,65%, 75MJ:25MK (96,65%), 50MJ:50MK (95,11%), 25MJ:25MK (96,65%) dan 100MK:0MJ (82,65%). Analisa gliserol total yang didapat pada penelitian ini adalah 100MJ:0M (0,19%), 75MJ:25MK (0,21%), 50MJ:50MK (0,23%) 25MJ:25MK (0,22%) dan 100MK:0MJ (0,26%). Dari hasil analisa gliserol total tersebut didapat sampel yang terbaik yakni 50MJ:50MK dengan nilai glirserol total 0,23% dengan waktu 60 menit untuk esterifikasi dan 70 menit untuk transesterifikasi, dengan analisa angka asam yang didapatkan sebesar 0,2117, angka penyabunan 198,41; ester content  yang didapat sebesar 98,163% water content untuk sebesar 0,56 ppm. Keseluruhan dari hasil analisa biodiesel tersebut memenuhi standar EN 14214.  Kata kunci: minyak kelapa, minyak jelantah, biodiesel, FFA, trigliserida, gliserol total.  Abstract-Coconut oil is normally produced as cooking oil in some areas in Indonesia. However, palm oil mostly produced by industries as vegetable/cooking oil.Waste cooking oil from palm oil becomes a big problem in the environment, and creates pollution. This research aims to use waste cooking oil to produce biodiesel by mixing waste cooking oil and coconut oil. Those mixed oils become raw materials for this proces. The composition of the mixtures are  100MJ: 0MK; 75MJ: 25MK; 50MJ: 50MK; 25MJ: 75MK; and 0MJ: 100MK (% v / v of waste cooking oil (MJ) and coconut oil (MK)).The total of 200 mL oil mixtures was used for the esterification process with methanol composition were 38%; 30%; 28%; and trans-esterification were 19%; 20%; 21%; 23%. Esterification reaction was using the 0,5% H2SO4 as a catalyst, while transesterification was using 0.9% KOH as catalyst. The yield of biodiesel this reaserch were: 100MJ: 0MK (92.15%), 75MJ: 25MK (96.65%), 50MJ: 50MK (95.11%), 25MJ: 25MK (96.65%) and 100MK: 0MJ (82.65%). Furthermore, the total glycerol values were 100MJ:0MK (0.19%), 75MJ: 25MK (0.21%), 50MJ:50MK (0.23%) 25MJ: 25MK (0.22%) and 100MK: 0MJ (0.26%). EN14214 standard shows that the best composition of mixtured oils was 50MJ:50MK. Then, the total glycerol was 0.23% (60-70 minutes for the esterification and transesterification reaction). Acid number value was 0.2117, saponification number was 198.41; ester content was 98.163% and water content was 0.56 ppm.  Keywords: coconut oil, waste cooking oil, biodiesel, FFA, triglyceride, total glycerol.

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan Bentonit sebagai Penyerap Air pada Proses Transesterifikasi Minyak Jelantah Menjadi Biodiesel

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Andesta Yulanda ◽  
Lisna Wahyuni ◽  
Rahmi Safitri ◽  
Abu Bakar ◽  
Muhammad Dani Supardan
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Activated Bentonite ◽  
Varying Mass ◽  
Scanning Electron

ABSTRAK. Transesterifikasi merupakan salah satu proses dalam pembuatan biodiesel. Metode transesterifikasi secara konvesional tanpa penambahan adsorben memiliki kekurangan pada rendemen dan mutu biodiesel sehingga dikembangkan metode transesterifikasi menggunakan adsorben secara simultan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk pemanfaatan bentonit sebagai penyerap air untuk meningkatkan rendemen biodiesel pada proses transesterifikasi minyak jelantah. Pertama dilakukan pengecilan ukuran bentonit menjadi 100 hingga 120 mesh dan dilanjutkan dengan aktivasi bentonit menggunakan asam sulfat 98% pada suhu 80oC. Hasil analisis Scanning Electron Microscope menunjukkan bentonit aktivasi memiliki permukaan yang lebih halus dan bersih dibandingkan dengan bentonit tanpa aktivasi. Selanjutnya, bentonit digunakan pada proses transesterifikasi minyak jelantah dengan variasi massa adsorben (1, 2, 3 dan 4 %-berat minyak) dan kadar air minyak jelantah (2, 3, 5 dan 6 %-berat minyak). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan bentonit teraktivasi menghasilkan rendemen yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan bentonit tanpa aktivasi dan proses tanpa menggunakan bentonit. Hasil penelitian terbaik diperoleh pada massa adsorben 3% dan kadar air 2% yaitu rendemen biodiesel sebesar 81%, massa jenis 865 kg/m3, viskositas 2,90 mm2/s, angka asam 0,1675 mg KOH/gram dan kadar air 0,70%.ABSTRACT.Transesterification is one of process in production of biodiesel. Conventional transterification method without adding adsorbent has deficiency in the yield and quality of biodiesel, therefore transesterification using adsorbent simultaneously is developed. The purpose of this research is to utilize bentonit as the adsorbent of water to increase yield of biodiesel in the waste cooking oil transesterication process. The first step to do in this research was bentonite crushing to the size of 100 to 120 mesh and then bentonite activation using sulfuric acid 98% at 80 oC. The result of SEM analysis showed that activated bentonite surface was smoother  and more clean than bentonite without activation. Bentonite is used to transesterification process by varying mass of adsorben (1, 2, 3 and 4 %-wt. of waste cooking oil) and water content (2, 3, 5 and 6 %-wt. of waste cooking oil). The result of this research showed that activated bentonite has better yield than without adsorbent and activation. The best result from this research is at adsorbent mass 3% and water content 2% with biodiesel yield 81%. The biodiesel produced have density of 865 kg/m3, viscosity of 2.90 mm2/s, acid number of 0.1675 mg KOH/gram and water content of 0.7%.

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan Limbah Cangkang Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis) Sebagai Pengadsorbsi Minyak Jelantah

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Nurcholis Al Ubaidah ◽  
Siti Nuryanti ◽  
Supriadi Supriadi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Peroxide Value ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Cooking Oil

Improper of usage and storage of cooking oil can increase the water content on cooking oil. It can decrease of cooking oil quality and fried food that resulted from this cooking oil which then can cause health problems. This study aimed to determine of the waste cooking oil quality after it was adsorbed with charcoal from eggshell palm oil (Elaeis gunieensis). The quality was determined based on the free fatty acids, the peroxide value, and the water content of the waste cooking oil before and after adsorption. Determination of free fatty acids was used titration method while determination of water content was used gravimetric method. The result showed that the cooking oil quality contained 0.014% of free fatty acids, 1 meq.O2/kg of peroxide value, and 0.0003% of water content. The waste cooking oil quality without adsorption process was 0.042% of free fatty acids, 26 meq.O2/kg of peroxide value, and 0.0011% of water content. After adsorption process with 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 gram of charcoal from eggshell palm oil into 100 mL of waste cooking oil, it was found that 15 gram of eggshell weight was the best adsorbent. In was condition, the free fatty acid was 0.0006%, the peroxide value was 2 meq.O2/kg, and the water content 0.0005%. It showed that the waste cooking oil quality become better after adding of charcoal of eggshell palm oil as the adsorbent.

scholarly journals Pemurnian Minyak Kelapa Berbahan Baku Kopra / Refining of Coconut Oil Made of Copra

Buletin Palma ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Fahri Ferdinan Polii
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Active Charcoal ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Cooking Oil

<p>Processing of copra is generally done by drying through direct or fogging with warming temperatures. This way produces coconut oil with low quality rough, because the content of water and free fatty acids high, so quickly turn rancid, brownish and unfit in the consumption. The purpose of this research process of purification yaitumelakukan coconut oil made of copra smog became a good-quality cooking oil. Research use descriptive method. Research carried out the month on June 2015 until January 2015 in Research and Standardization of Industrial Institute in Manado, North Sulawesi. The raw materials used in the study of copra comes from Bengkol Village in Manado. Processed into copra oil and refined oil. The results of the analysis of the quality of coconut oil before refining the parameters color, odor, moisture content, free fatty acids and acid number does not qualify SNI. After the process of purification by neutralization using NaOH 18 oBe and 20 oBe and performed an analysis of the quality of the oil, it turns out that the use of NaOH 20 oBe effective improve quality coconut oil good physics and chemistry. Coconut oil results neutralization with 20 NaOH oBe continued with the process of bleaching  using active charcoal 2% and mix active charcoal  1% + 1% bentonite improved the quality of the oil either chemical or physical parameters and qualify SNI cooking oil. Yield after cooking oil with  neutralised NaOH 20oBe and bleaching using active charcoal 2% i.e. 78,79%.</p><p align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p>Pengolahan kopra pada umumnya dilakukan  dengan cara pengeringan melalui  pemanasan langsung atau pengasapan dengan suhu yang tinggi. Cara ini menghasilkan minyak kelapa kasar mutu rendah, karena kandungan air dan asam lemak bebasnya tinggi, sehingga cepat menjadi tengik, warna kecoklatan dan tidak layak di konsumsi. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu melakukan proses pemurnian  minyak kelapa berbahan baku kopra asap  menjadi minyak goreng yang bermutu baik. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif. Penelitian dilakukan bulan pada Pebruari 2015 sampai dengan November 2015 di Balai Riset dan Standardisasi Industri Manado, Sulawesi Utara. Bahan baku kopra  yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berasal dari Kelurahan  Bengkol Manado. Kopra diproses menjadi minyak dan minyak dimurnikan. Hasil analisis mutu minyak kelapa sebelum pemurnian  untuk parameter bau, warna, kadar air, asam lemak bebas dan bilangan asam tidak memenuhi syarat SNI. Proses pemurnian  dengan netralisasi menggunakan larutan NaOH 18 oBe dan 20 oBe,  ternyata larutan NaOH 20 oBe efektif meningkatkan mutu minyak kelapa  dan  memenuhi syarat mutu SNI. Minyak kelapa hasil netralisasi dengan NaOH 20 oBe dilanjutkan dengan proses pemucatan  menggunakan arang aktif 2% dan campuran arang aktif 1%+bentonit 1% terjadi peningkatan mutu minyak baik parameter fisika maupun  kimia dan memenuhi syarat SNI minyak goreng.  Rendemen minyak goreng setelah dinetralisasi dengan larutan  NaOH 20 oBe dan  pemucatan menggunakan arang aktif 2%, yakni 78,79%.</p>

scholarly journals Modifikasi Katalis CaO Untuk Produksi Biodiesel Dari Minyak Bekas

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
St. Annisa Gani Rachim ◽  
Indah Raya ◽  
Muhammad Zakir
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Astm D6751

Research about modification of CaO catalyst to produce biodiesel has done. This research aims to know the effectiveness of CaO-ZnCl2 belong to ASTM D6751 to get a yield biodiesel.  Modification of the CaO with ZnCl2 was conducted by impregnation method using methanol and n-hexane. For synthesis biodiesel, methanol is used as solvent and Waste Cooking Oil (WCO) as raw material. Ratio molar of WCO and methanol is 12:1 with 3% CaO-ZnCl2 added.  This reaction is carried out at a temperature of 65oC. the biodiesel is characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) to determine the presence of ester groups formed. The yield percentage of biodiesel produced is 77.94%. The characterization of biodiesel properties consist of acid number is 73.38 mg KOH/g, density is 0.9038 and water content is 0.0053%.

scholarly journals TRANSESTERIFICATION OF BIODIESEL FROM WASTE COOKING OIL USING CAO NANOCATALYST

Konversi ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindi Ramayanti ◽  
Sarah Dampang
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Initial Stage

The production costs of biodiesel based on vegetable oil is not economical, so it is difficult for biodiesel to compete with petrodiesel. Waste cooking oil can be used as a source of raw materials for biodiesel production. This research aims to produce biodiesel from waste cooking oil. The initial stage is to pretreatment of waste cooking oil. At this step, the waste cooking oil is filtered to separate impurities from the raw material. After that, it is heated to 100 oC to remove the water content. The second stage is transesterification. At this stage, the reaction time remains for one hour at a temperature of 65 oC. the product is centrifuged to separate the catalyst. The highest yield was obtained in the 12: 1 molar ratio variable and the amount of catalyst 3%, which was 0.922. Yield obtained ranged from 0.853-0.922. An increase in the molar ratio is significant enough to increase the amount of yield. However, increasing the amount of catalyst especially from 2% to 3% is not significant enough to increase biodiesel yield. The characteristics of biodiesel produced are in accordance with SNI Biodiesel, density 870 Kg / cm3, viscosity 4.25 cSt, flash point 170, and acid number 0.4 mg-KOH/g biodiesel.

scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN BUAH MENGKUDU TERHADAP KUALITAS MINYAK JELANTAH SEBAGAI SUMBER BELAJAR KIMIA DI SMA KUANTAN SINGINGI

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Sri Rahayu ◽  
Fitri Refelita
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Bulk Oil ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Repeated Use

AbstrackCooking oil is one food that is very needed by the whole society. The rising price of cooking oil in among society with low economics, is one of the factors causing the repeated use of cooking oil (Waste cooking oil). Using of waste cooking oil can cause poisoning, cancer and others. This research aimed to know the persentage reduction in acid number and water content, also organoleptic of the oil produced. The methods of waste cooking oil can be done by giving antioxidant to the oil. Noni fruit is one of the plant that be rich of antioxidant. 50 gram simplisia of noni added to 250 ml waste cooking oil of packadge and bulk oil. The methods of acid number by alkalimetri and measurement of water content using oven. The organoleptic tests carried out by favorite level from 25 panelists. The results of this research showed that persentage of reduction in packpage and bulk oil’s acid number were 28% and 25%. Whereas for persentage of reduction water content from each oil were 75% and 71.42%. The favorite level of color, odor and flavor were 99%, 76% and 89%. The results of the questionnaire about the feasibility of video in terms of content and appearance was 84.375%, which was included in the excellent category.Keywords: Waste Cooking Oil, Noni Fruit, Water Content, Acid Number and Organoleptic Tests.

scholarly journals Effects of Storage Characteristics on Flash Point and Water Content of Biodiesel derived from Crude Palm Oil, Jatropha, and Waste Cooking Oil

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-162
Author(s):  
Muhamad Asri Azizul ◽  
Amir Khalid ◽  
Nadiarulah Nanihar ◽  
Bukhari Manshoor ◽  
Zuraidah Ngadiron
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Flash Point ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Storage Characteristics

In recent years, there was a major drawback in the reduction of fossil fuels. Researchers attempts to find solutions to overcome this crisis including using biodiesel as replacement for fossil fuel. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of ambient and storage characteristics on flash point and water content of biodiesel derived from crude palm oil, jatropha and waste cooking oil. There are three types of biodiesel blending which is 5 vol %, 10 vol % g and 15 vol% blending and compare with commercial diesel. There are three type of biodiesel blended from Crude Palm Oil, Jatropha, and Waste Cooking Oil. The biodiesel samples were stored in clinical compartment, at different temperatures and were monitored at regular interval over a period of 1960 hours’ periods and storage temperature from 28oC~35oC. The analysis of blending biodiesel properties is performed with ASTM D6751 and EN 14214 standard. The changes of properties of biodiesel such as density, kinematics viscosity, acid value, water content and flash point of biodiesel were discussed in detail. High blending ratio CPO blends and longer storage period influences the increasing of viscosity for both conditions. Storage characteristics has a great influence on the biodiesel blends especially under high blending ratio. Increasing storage duration and temperature for all variant blending ratios are found to influences the increasing of the water content fuel density, resulting in increased the biodiesel viscosity. However, flash point of all biodiesel blends tends to decrease with increasing storage duration at different storage temperature.

scholarly journals Experimental Study of the Ignition Process and Combustion of Biodiesel-Water-Air Rapid Mixing Derived from Waste Cooking Oil, Crude Palm Oil and Jatropha Oil in Burner Combustion

2015 ◽  
Vol 773-774 ◽  
pp. 530-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirnah Suardi ◽  
Norazwan Azman ◽  
Dahrum Samsudin ◽  
Shahrin Hisham Amirnordin ◽  
Norani Mansor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Jatropha Oil ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Mixture Formation ◽  
Rapid Mixing ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Flame Development

The prospects of fossil oil resources and strengthen of future emission regulation have raised keen attention together with the issue of renewable alternative fuel. As one of the different solutions to these problems, emulsion fuel technology in biodiesel has received close attention because it may provide better combustion efficiency and would contribute to a reduction in emissions, such as nitrogen oxides (NOx) or particulate matter (PM).The solution of this issue is by using Biodiesel fuel as an alternative fuel from waste cooking oil (WCO), crude palm oil (CPO) and Jatropha Oil (JPO). In addition, Waste cooking oil is one of the most economical options for producing biodiesel due to the biodegradable properties and preserves energy. This study focuses on the observation of ignition and combustion characteristics of biodiesel-water-air rapid mixing of biodegradable fuel using internally rapid mixing injector in burner combustion. In this research, the relation of mixture formation, burning process and flame development of biodiesel were investigated in detail. The parameters include equivalent ratio, water content and mixture formation are studied. The flame development is analysed in term of flame longest for testing. The result shows that equivalent ratio and water content affect the combustion. Increasingly of water content will reduce the flame length and increase the probability of misfire.

Effect of Mixture Formation of Biodiesel-Water-Air Rapid Mixing Derived from Crude Palm Oil and Waste Cooking Oil in Burner Combustion

2014 ◽  
Vol 660 ◽  
pp. 421-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirnah Suardi ◽  
Norazwan Azman ◽  
Dahrum Samsudin ◽  
Shahrin Hisham Amirnordin ◽  
Amir Khalid
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Spray Angle ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Mixture Formation ◽  
Penetration Length ◽  
Rapid Mixing ◽  
Cooking Oil

The trade-off between NOx and PM is a main issue in the observation of combustion characteristics, NOx and PM are released from the combustion of biodiesel either in internal combustion engine or external burner system. Thus, the rapid mixing of biodiesel-water-air technique is one of the most significant approaches to the reduction of pollutant emissions of burner combustion. In this research, the relation between the mixture formation of biodiesel spray and burning process was investigated in detail in order to understand the effects of the changes of fuel properties in fuel evaporation. In these experiments, different types of biodiesel fuel derived from the crude palm oil and waste cooking oil were used in the same nozzle characteristics of burner system. This study focuses on the observation of the real images of the spray characteristics together with equivalent ratio, water content, spray penetration length, spray angle and spray area. Water emulsion of percentage up to 15vol% and blending of biodiesel ratio was varied from 5vol%-15vol%. The diesel fuel have been compare with based analyzed of real spray images with the times change. The results shows percentage of biodiesel and shows the higher of water content due to the higher viscosity affects the higher penetration length and lower spray angle and influence the flame penetration.

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