scholarly journals Surveillance of Above- and Below-Ground Mosquito Breeding Habitats in a Rural Midwestern Community: Baseline Data for Larvicidal Control Measures Against West Nile Virus Vectors

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Kronenwetter-Koepel ◽  
J. K. Meece ◽  
C. A. Miller ◽  
K. D. Reed
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Baseline Data ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Virus Vectors ◽  
Breeding Habitats ◽  
Mosquito Breeding ◽  
Below Ground

scholarly journals Emergence of West Nile virus infections in humans in Turkey, 2010 to 2011

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Kalaycioglu ◽  
G Korukluoglu ◽  
A Ozkul ◽  
O Oncul ◽  
S Tosun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Lower Activity ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Notifiable Diseases ◽  
Routine Surveillance

In 2010, 47 human cases of West Nile virus (WNV) infection, including 12 laboratory-confirmed and 35 probable cases, were identified in Turkey. These were the first cases detected during routine surveillance. The patients were from 15 provinces, mainly located in the western part of the country. Incidence was 0.19/100,000 with a maximum of 1.39 in Sakarya province. Forty of the total 47 cases showed neuroinvasive manifestation. Median age was 58 years with a range of four to 86. Ten of the patients died. Enhanced surveillance in humans and animals and mosquito control measures were implemented. The WNV infections were included in the national notifiable diseases list as of April 2011. In 2011, three probable and two confirmed cases of WNV infection were diagnosed in provinces where infections had been detected in the previous year, supporting a lower activity than 2010. However, detection of WNV infections in humans in 2010 and 2011 consecutively, may indicate that WNV has become endemic in the western part of Turkey. Field epidemiological studies were undertaken to understand more about the nature of infection in Turkey.

scholarly journals Host Selection of Potential West Nile Virus Vectors in Puerto Barrios, Guatemala, 2007

2013 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebekah C. Kading ◽  
Maria Eugenia Morales-Betoulle ◽  
Nicholas Komar ◽  
Ana Silvia Gonzalez Reiche
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Host Selection ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Virus Vectors ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals WEST NILE VIRUS SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM IN SERBIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-45
Author(s):  
Tamaš Petrović ◽  
Šekler Milenko ◽  
Dušan Petrić ◽  
Sava Lazić ◽  
Diana Lupulović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Veterinary Service ◽  
The Republic

Serological and virological examination of the presence of human and animal infection caused by West Nile Virus (WNV) as well as the presence of the virus in vectors, which has been conducted during the past few years, confi rmed an active virus circulation in the territory of the Republic of Serbia. Based on the obtained results and anticipated intense circulation of WNV, which poses substantial risks for both public and animal health in Serbia, and having in mind its crucial role in the protection of public health, Veterinary Directorate of the Ministry of Agriculture and Environmental Protection infront the Veterinary Service launched and funded the national WNV monitoring program starting from April 2014. The Program encompassed the entire territory of the Republic of Serbia and was conducted by scientific and specialized veterinary institutes and fi eld veterinary service in close collaboration with qualifi ed entomologists and ornithologists. The principal objective of the monitoring – surveillance program is early detection of WNV in monitored regions, timely reporting of the virus presence and activation of human health service institutions and local authorities aimed at establishing the control measures - eradication of mosquitoes, informing the local community and taking all relevant preventive measures for human health protection. Th e surveillance program of the WNV occurrence and spread is based on direct and indirect surveillance of WNV in natural environment. Indirect surveillance encompasses serological testing of seronegative sentinel horses and poultry for the presence of WNV infection, and it is performing continuously and periodically during the most intensive mosquito activity (May – September). The number of sentinel animals that should be tested was defi ned at the district level, according to the rate of anticipated risk of WNV infection. Direct surveillance was performed through periodical and continuous testing of pooled mosquitoes samples collected at two-week intervals during peak mosquito season (May – September) and samples of wild birds (tissues of dead birds and throat swabs of captured live susceptible bird species). The number of samples was stipulated according to the anticipated risk rate in particular regions.

Wolbachia infection in West Nile Virus vectors of northwest Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faramarz Bozorg-Omid ◽  
Mohammad Ali Oshaghi ◽  
Mozaffar Vahedi ◽  
Fateh Karimian ◽  
Seyyed Javad Seyyed-Zadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Wolbachia Infection ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Virus Vectors ◽  
Northwest Iran

scholarly journals Projection of Climate Change Influences on U.S. West Nile Virus Vectors

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (18) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi E. Brown ◽  
Alex Young ◽  
Joceline Lega ◽  
Theodore G. Andreadis ◽  
Jessica Schurich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Virus Vectors ◽  
Daily Weather Data ◽  
The Impact

Abstract While estimates of the impact of climate change on health are necessary for health care planners and climate change policy makers, models to produce quantitative estimates remain scarce. This study describes a freely available dynamic simulation model parameterized for three West Nile virus vectors, which provides an effective tool for studying vectorborne disease risk due to climate change. The Dynamic Mosquito Simulation Model is parameterized with species-specific temperature-dependent development and mortality rates. Using downscaled daily weather data, this study estimates mosquito population dynamics under current and projected future climate scenarios for multiple locations across the country. Trends in mosquito abundance were variable by location; however, an extension of the vector activity periods, and by extension disease risk, was almost uniformly observed. Importantly, midsummer decreases in abundance may be offset by shorter extrinsic incubation periods, resulting in a greater proportion of infective mosquitoes. Quantitative descriptions of the effect of temperature on the virus and mosquito are critical to developing models of future disease risk.

scholarly journals Spatio-temporal patterns of distribution of West Nile virus vectors in eastern Piedmont Region, Italy

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Donal Bisanzio ◽  
Mario Giacobini ◽  
Luigi Bertolotti ◽  
Andrea Mosca ◽  
Luca Balbo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Temporal Patterns ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Virus Vectors ◽  
Patterns Of Distribution ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Piedmont Region
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