scholarly journals Consideration of the Child’s Image in Historical and Social Context in Modern Consumptive Society of Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina

2021 ◽  
Vol XIX (2) ◽  
pp. 359-371
Author(s):  
Katarina Dadić ◽  
Ružica Bešlić Grbešić ◽  
Vlatko Smiljanić
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Print Media ◽  
Present Situation ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
The Status ◽  
Children And Childhood ◽  
Pedagogical Science

The authors focus on a pluriperspective analysis of the image and status of children, with the emphasis on print media and consumer environment which is researched in the framework of special historical and social conditions. The research shows how the historical and social context of society in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina is related to the image of the child in the relevant print media, scientific analyses and literature. Through this new thesis authors conclude that the present situation directly implies the need for proper care for the status of children and childhood within modern pedagogical science.

scholarly journals Why Is There Learning Disabilities? A Critical Analysis of the Birth of the Field in Its Social Context

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Sleeter
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Low Achievers ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Minority Children ◽  
Degree Of Protection ◽  
White Middle Class

This chapter presents an interpretation of why the category of learning disabilities emerged, that differs from interpretations that currently prevail. It argues that the category was created in response to social conditions during the late 1950s and early 1960s which brought about changes in schools that were detrimental to children whose achievement was relatively low. The category was created by white middle class parents in an effort to differentiate their children from low-achieving low-income and minority children. The category offered their children a degree of protection from probable consequences of low achievement because it upheld their intellectual normalcy and the normalcy of their home backgrounds, and it suggested hope for a cure and for their ability eventually to attain higher status occupations than other low achievers.

scholarly journals Difficulties when using video playback to investigate social cognition in California scrub-jays (Aphelocoma californica)

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina F. Brecht ◽  
Ljerka Ostojić ◽  
Edward W. Legg ◽  
Nicola S. Clayton
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Video Playback ◽  
Social Stimuli ◽  
Aphelocoma Californica ◽  
Social Agents ◽  
Protection Strategies ◽  
Cache Protection

Previous research has suggested that videos can be used to experimentally manipulate social stimuli. In the present study, we used the California scrub-jays’ cache protection strategies to assess whether video playback can be used to simulate conspecifics in a social context. In both the lab and the field, scrub-jays are known to exhibit a range of behaviours to protect their caches from potential pilferage by a conspecific, for example by hiding food in locations out of the observer’s view or by re-caching previously made caches once the observer has left. Here, we presented scrub-jays with videos of a conspecific observer as well as two non-social conditions during a caching period and assessed whether they would cache out of the observer’s “view” (Experiment 1) or would re-cache their caches once the observer was no longer present (Experiment 2). In contrast to previous studies using live observers, the scrub-jays’ caching and re-caching behaviour was not influenced by whether the observer was present or absent. These findings suggest that there might be limitations in using video playback of social agents to mimic real-life situations when investigating corvid decision making.

The Integration of Bosnia and Herzegovina Into the European Union

2022 ◽  
pp. 244-259
Author(s):  
Sead Turcalo ◽  
Elmir Sadikovic ◽  
Elvis Fejzic
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
Economic Transition ◽  
Democratic Process ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
Eu Integration ◽  
Eu Membership ◽  
Internal Politics ◽  
The Status

This chapter focuses on the analysis of the EU integration process of Bosnia and Herzegovina, dealing with the internal and external political challenges that country is facing on its path towards aspired EU membership. As one of the main internal challenges, the authors recognize a very pronounced ethnocracy and leaderocracy that captures democratic process, making the country unstable and unable to fulfill criteria even to achieve the status of candidate for EU membership. Furthermore, there is a strong influence of the neighboring countries, which were involved in the 1992-1995 war in Bosnia and continue to play very often an obstructive role in internal politics of Bosnia and Herzegovina. As the authors argue, in BiH, the issue of Euro-Atlantic integration is less a matter of political and economic transition, and more, it is not primarily an issue of stabilizing the peace and creating fundamental preconditions for overall development.

4. Creating a worldview of childhood

2018 ◽  
pp. 77-95
Author(s):  
James Marten
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
League Of Nations ◽  
Rights Of The Child ◽  
The Status ◽  
Children And Childhood ◽  
The Many

The League of Nations made history on September 26, 1924, when it adopted a resolution declaring that children enjoyed certain rights. The Geneva Declaration of the Rights of the Child reflected a consensus among policymakers and reformers about what childhood meant. Despite its brevity, its idealism, and its lack of specifics—or perhaps because of them—the declaration encouraged a new worldview of children and childhood. “Creating a worldview of childhood” explains how its five clauses provide useful categories for assessing the status of childhood in the twentieth century and help to organize the many threads of reform and policymaking that appeared during the last half of the nineteenth and the first half of the twentieth centuries.

Religious Coping Reconsidered, Part One: An Integrated Approach

1998 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Ruard Ganzevoort
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Religious Coping ◽  
Present Situation ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Narrative Approach ◽  
Multidimensional Approach ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
And Coping

In two articles, the author highlights the need for a multidimensional approach toward religious coping. Not only should the interaction of religion and coping be seen as a bidirectional influence, the interactions with dimensions of identity and social context should be taken into account. Furthermore, the author claims that each of these dimensions should be conceptualized as a process. Implications for theory and research are discussed. Besides this multidimensional approach, the author advocates a narrative reformulation of religious coping theories and tries to show the usefulness of a narrative approach. The first article in the two-part series proposes a multidimensional approach based on a review of literature on religious coping, with a focus on the work of K. I. Pargament. Shortcomings of present approaches are discussed. Then 4 central dimensions of religious coping are described: crisis and coping, religion, identity, and context. A multidimensional framework is construed, in which the interactions among the 4 dimensions are highlighted. Hypotheses and questions for further research are formulated. The aim of this article is to evaluate the present situation in religious coping research and theory and to contribute to a more integrative approach.

Assessment of the Current Status of Iodine Prophylaxis in Bosnia and Herzegovina Federation

2001 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Tahirović ◽  
A. Toromanović ◽  
N. Hadžibegić ◽  
D. Štimljanin ◽  
R. Konjević ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Urinary Iodine ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Iodine Prophylaxis ◽  
The Status ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Deficient Area

AbstractAssessment of the status of iodine prophylaxis was studied in 5,523 schoolchildren randomly selected in all cantons in Bosnia and Herzegovina Federation (BHF). According to the iodine content of household salt samples, all cantons of BHF were divided into two groups: Group A: 95.5% of the salt used is produced in the Tuzla plant, in which the salt is iodized at 5-15 mg Kl/kg salt, and 4.5% of the salt used is produced in the Pag plant, in which the salt is iodized at 20-30 mg Kl/kg of salt, and Group B: 19.9% of the salt used is produced in the Tuzla plant and 80.1% in the Pag plant. In Group A the amount of iodine in salt was significantly lower than in Group B (11.4 mg/kg vs 18.9 mg/kg, P <0.001). In Group A the prevalence of goiter was significantly higher than in Group B (32.6% vs 19.7%, P <0.001). The highest prevalence of goiter was in Bosnian Podrinje Canton (51.2%) and Central Bosnian Canton (42.6%) while the lowest was in West Herzegovina Canton (12.9%). Significantly higher concentrations of urinary iodine were found in Group B than in Group A (82.6 μg/1 vs 75.2 μg/1, P <0.001). In Group A the percentage of urine samples below 50 μg/1 iodine was significantly higher than in Group B (35.6% vs 26.9%, P <0.001), but there was no difference in the percentage of urine samples with iodine values less than 100 μg/1 (70.7 μg/1 vs 68.25 μg/1, P >0.05). We conclude that FBH is an iodine deficient area and that the improvement of iodine prophylaxis is urgently required, primarily by increasing salt iodine content to 20-30 mg/kg, in order to eradicate endemic goiter.

Feminist Psychiatric Ethics in the Twenty-First Century and the Social Context of Suffering

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Nyquist Potter
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Forensic Psychiatry ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Intimate Partner Abuse ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
First Century ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
The Social ◽  
Key Questions

This chapter covers three central developments in feminist psychiatric ethics: nosology, forensic psychiatry, and advances in feminist theorizing the twenty-firstst century. Each of these sections raises key questions in how to think about gender and other socially marked bodies as they intersect with psychiatry. In particular, I highlight feminist challenges to nosological and ontological issues in psychiatry and their relation to ethics; the concept of relationality as it affects our understanding of intimate partner abuse; postcolonialism and how an understanding of epistemologies of ignorance present ethical challenges to psychiatry; and the crucial question of testimonial justice when it comes to listening appropriately to patients. I argue that a consideration of each of these areas entails a shift in how feminists approach ethical issues, making psychiatric ethics more complex, more challenging and, in general, messier, as reflects current social conditions.

‘Have a Quiet, Orderly, Polite Revolution’: Framing Political Protest and Protecting the Status Quo

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 733-751
Author(s):  
Tamara J. Lynn ◽  
L. Susan Williams
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Print Media ◽  
New York Times ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Occupy Wall Street ◽  
Wall Street ◽  
Presidential Candidates ◽  
The Status

This paper demonstrates how print media sources frame the Tea Party and Occupy Wall Street in ways that, consciously or not, support the prevailing status quo – social, economic, and political elites. The study employs critical discourse analysis (CDA) as the analytic framework, investigating how print media (sometimes referred to as ‘print capitalism’) utilized framing techniques that disparaged the two political organizations but in very different ways. The analysis incorporates articles appearing in the New York Post and the New York Times from the inception of each organization, through six weeks after the 2012 Presidential Inauguration; articles were coded to uncover themes that defined both organizations as ‘outsiders.’ Tea Partiers are characterized as irrational demagogues, while Occupy Wall Street (OWS) activities are criminalized; both are dismissed as irrelevant, leaving the predominant ‘mainstream’ political rule intact. Findings identify tools of discourse used by media to limit the influence of competing movements while essentially protecting the status quo. Revealing these tools provides clues to unreliable discourse in media coverage of presidential candidates, which tends to quash open debate and threaten principles of participatory government.

Violence Against Women in the Yugoslav war as told by Women-Refugees

1998 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Stevanović
Keyword(s):  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Present Situation ◽  
Women Refugees ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Serbia And Montenegro ◽  
Close Vicinity ◽  
Women's Experience ◽  
Definition Of

In the first part of the paper the author discusses and interprets the results of research carried out in 1994, on the basis of interviews with 70 women refugees from Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, presently situated in Serbia and Montenegro. Also, the first part of the paper was written as a result of the interviews which the group of authors conducted with 54 women refugees from Krajina in the period between 1 January 1995 and 15 March 1996 in Serbia, about their own definition of violence in war, which means that their subjective definition was given priority over the objective definition. This research was aimed at the analysis of women's experience of violence in the war conflict in our close vicinity, whose largest number of victims, as ever, were children and women. We tried to help the women to articulate their own experiences, in such a manner to avoid them being hurt in the process, but rather to relieve their burdens of piled up fears and emotions. In the second part of the paper the author evaluates the present situation in this area, especially the process of social adaptation.

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