scholarly journals KAJIAN PERKEMBANGAN PERDAGANGAN INTERNASIONAL KARET INDONESIA KE NEGARA ANGGOTA ISO/TC 45

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Retno Suciati
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
International Organization ◽  
The Other ◽  
Conformity Assessment ◽  
International Standard ◽  
International Organization For Standardization ◽  
The World

<p>As member in organization of international standard ISO, it expected that Indonesia could conduit its importance to survive in the globalization era, that using standards and conformity assessment as a reference in commerce transaction. As one of biggest rubber producer in the world and have importance in international trade, it needs any study of the growth of international trade of Indonesian rubber to all countries destination that concern to international standard related rubber. This study is focused to the countries destination that as a member of international organization for standardization (ISO) especially member of ISO/TC 45, where is Indonesia as a member. The results of this study show that Indonesian rubber export to the ISO/TC 45 member countries destination is growth higher rather than to other countries destination. Its show that the export to the ISO/TC 45 member countries destination is dominated by SITC 231 and to the other countries destination is dominated by SITC 231 and 625.</p>

The EU – Ukraine – Russia Crisis Triangle

2016 ◽  
pp. 105-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Horska ◽  
Serhiy Moroz ◽  
Jana Galova
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
The Other ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
Trade Creation ◽  
Customs Union ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
The World ◽  
Trading Partners ◽  
Trade Sanctions ◽  
Political Decisions

Political decisions and political crisis in one country or region in the world can affect local economics and international trade significantly. Such situation of trade creation at one side and trade decrease on the other side has been observed as the consequence of political circumstances between Russia and Ukraine in 2014. National economics and trade of several countries and regions of the world have been suffering from this political crisis. At the same time with trade sanctions and trade decrease among traditional trading partners (EU-Russia, USA-Russia), the effort to ensure a sufficient market supply in Russia and strengthen links among Russia and customs union countries has been observed. A side effect, higher economic and political risk in doing business with Ukraine, caused the trade decrease with Ukraine, too. The chapter analyses selected trade indicators related to international trade of Ukraine and Russia for period 2010-2014 and identifies possible opportunities and threats following from political crisis and affecting international trade of selected trading partners.

The International Standard Reference Zero for Pure-Tone Audiometers And Its Relation to the Evaluation of Impairment of Hearing

1964 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hallowell Davis ◽  
Fred W. Kranz
Keyword(s):  
Pure Tone ◽  
International Organization ◽  
International Exchange ◽  
International Reference ◽  
International Standard ◽  
Threshold Levels ◽  
International Organization For Standardization ◽  
Standard Values ◽  
American Standard ◽  
The Difference

International reference zero levels for pure-tone audiometers have been agreed upon and recommended by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and are under consideration for inclusion in a new American Standard for Audiometers. The new ISO levels are desirable because (1) the shape of the threshold contour is more accurate, (2) the threshold levels are reproducible from laboratory to laboratory and from country to country, and (3) they represent the only apparent escape from permanent ambiguity and confusion in international exchange of audiometric information. The new ISO levels differ significantly from the American Standard values of 1951, in terms of which our present rules and laws for calculating percentage impairment of hearing for compensation purposes are written. The apparent difficulties arising from the numerical differences can be easily overcome, however, because it is possible to go from the 1964 ISO scale to the 1951 ASA scale by a simple subtraction before beginning such calculations. For the average of the three frequencies 500, 1 000 and 2 000 c/s the difference to be subtracted is 11 dB.

Enumeration of Enterobacteriaceae in Various Foods with a New Automated Most-Probable-Number Method Compared with Petrifilm and International Organization for Standardization Procedures

2008 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 376-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. PAULSEN ◽  
C. BORGETTI ◽  
E. SCHOPF ◽  
F. J. M. SMULDERS
Keyword(s):  
International Organization ◽  
The Other ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Average Difference ◽  
Detection Range ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
International Organization For Standardization ◽  
Glucose Agar ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Differences

An automated most-probable-number (MPN) system (TEMPO, bioMérieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France) for enumeration of Enterobacteriaceae (EB) was compared with methods involving violet red bile glucose agar (VRBG) (International Organization for Standardization [ISO] method 21528-2) (ISO-VRBG) and Petrifilm (PF-EB). The MPN partitioning (three different volumes with 16 replicates of each) is done automatically in a disposable card. Bacterial growth is indicated by acid production from sugars, lowering the pH of the medium, and quenching the fluorescence of 4-methylumbelliferone. After incubation, the number of nonfluorescent wells is read in a separate device, and the MPN is calculated automatically. A total of 411 naturally contaminated foods were tested, and 190 were in the detection range for all methods. For these results, the mean (±standard deviation) counts were 2.540 ± 1.026, 2.547 ± 0.995, and 2.456 ± 1.014 log CFU/g for the ISO-VRBG, PF-EB, and automated MPN methods, respectively. Mean differences were −0.084 ± 0.460 log units for the automated MPN results compared with the ISO-VRBG and 0.007 ± 0.450 for the PF-EB results compared with the ISO-VRBG results. The automated MPN method tends to yield lower numbers and the PF-EB method tends to yield higher numbers than does the ISO-VRBG method (difference not significant; Kruskal-Wallis test, P = 0.102). Thus, the average difference was highest between the automated MPN method and the PF-EB method (−0.091 ± 0.512 log units). Differences between the automated MPN and ISO-VRBG results of &gt;1 log unit were detected in 3.4% of all samples. For 3.9% of the samples, one comparison yielded differences of &lt;1 log CFU/g and the other yielded &gt;1 but &lt;2 log CFU/g, which means that the differences are possibly &gt;1 log CFU/g. For the ISO-VRBG method, confirmation of isolates was necessary to avoid a bias due to the presence of oxidase-positive glucose-fermenting colonies. The automated MPN system yielded results comparable to those of the confirmed Enterobacteriaceae ISO-VRBG method but required only 24 h of analysis time.

scholarly journals Enhancing ISSN data and ISSN services to publishers and libraries

Bosniaca ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 48-50
Author(s):  
Gaëlle Béquet
Keyword(s):  
International Organization ◽  
International Standard ◽  
International Organization For Standardization ◽  
Serial Number

The ISSN International Centre, located in Paris, France, is the Registration Authority appointed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) to implement ISO 3297, the International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) which identifies print and online serials and continuing resources all around the globe. The ISSN International Centre is also the coordinating body of the ISSN network, the organization which brings together 90 ISSN National Centres and that has been thriving for more than 40 years. In 2018, the ISSN International Centre has been involved in two key projects that will have a crucial impact on its activities, i.e. the new ISSN Portal and the revision of the ISSN standard.

scholarly journals Tackling Multiculturalism or Strengthening Subcultures: the Macedonian Case

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Dashtevski ◽  
Gorjan Grncharovski
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
General Formula ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
The Other ◽  
Framework Agreement ◽  
International Standard ◽  
Collective Rights ◽  
Majority Population ◽  
The World

There is no general formula about what multiculturalism means exactly, and which rights it should encompass. It needs to be considered from various aspects. In the case of Macedonia, there are several ethnic groups in it that are in the vicinity of their home countries, which seek to protect their nationals from repression and discrimination. However, Albania is the most aggressive one and, in spite of direct contacts with Macedonian politicians from the Albanian ethnic group, it often interferes with the internal affairs of the Macedonian state. Although in Macedonia all collective rights are given to the ethnic minorities, including much more than what constitutes an international standard in Europe and in the world, in accordance with the Ohrid Framework Agreement of 2001, implemented in the state’s constitution, relations do not seem to be improving. On the contrary, other rights are constantly being sought, even higher than those set for the majority population in the country. On the other hand, the establishment of increased rights in the constitution and laws does not lead to coexistence and relaxation of the relations between the Macedonian and the Albanian communities. On the contrary, the Albanians are becoming ghettoized and live in separate communities, where they create their own subculture. Such behavior leads to greater segregation, which can create cantonization or federalization of the unitary state.

A Collaborative Study to Establish the 5th International Standard for Unfractionated Heparin

2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (12) ◽  
pp. 1017-1022 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Walker ◽  
Barbara Mulloy ◽  
Trevor Barrowcliffe ◽  
Elaine Gray
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Unfractionated Heparin ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
The Other ◽  
World Health ◽  
Expert Committee ◽  
International Standard ◽  
The World

SummaryTwenty-four laboratories participated in a collaborative study to calibrate a replacement for the 4th International Standard for Unfractionated Heparin (82/502). Both candidate materials A and B, gave excellent intra- and inter-laboratory variations (majority of mean %gcv <10%) when assayed against the 4th International Standard. No major differences of potency estimates were found between methods, although the USP method generally gave lower potencies than the other methods and candidate B gave a greater variation between methods than A. Overall, this study showed that the differences between the candidates are marginal. Based on its narrower molecular weight profile, higher specific activity and slightly lower inter-method variation, candidate A, 97/578, was proposed and accepted in October, 1998, by the Expert Committee on Biological Standardisation of the World Health Organisation to be the 5th International Standard for Unfractionated Heparin with an assigned potency of 2031 IU/ampoule.

scholarly journals ANALYZING THE GOING CONCERN UNCERTAINTY DURING THE PERIOD OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN TERMS OF INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-42
Author(s):  
TUBA DERYA BASKAN
Keyword(s):  
Financial Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Effects ◽  
International Standard ◽  
Going Concern ◽  
States Of Emergency ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The World ◽  
Made In

It is thought that the Covid-19 pandemic, of which effects on the world and our country are estimated to be seen more in time, will have economic and social effects on the countries, entities and people. The aim of this research is to mention the significance of the going concern and how to reflect the problems that are arisen by the Covid-19 pandemic and that may occur within the going concern, and to identify the differences caused by this situation among the auditor’s reports in general. In the study, International Standard on Auditing (ISA)-570 Going Concern was generally examined and the required method to reflect it to auditor’s report of entities during the states of emergency was analyzed. Since the time passed over the Covid-19 pandemic is not enough to make a financial analysis, the evaluation was conducted within the frame of ISA-570 and according to the reached results, it was determined that its effect on the going concern assumption should be included in the reports and detailed disclosures should be made in order to provide reasonable assurance to the information users. On the other hand, it was mentioned that how the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic may be included in the auditor's reports in our country within the scope of International Standard on Auditing (ISA)-570 Going Concern. It was inferred that observations may be performed on its effect on the auditor's reports of entities by making comparisons in the upcoming period.

Ground Simulation of Space Radiation Effects on Nonmetallic Materials: Status of the Proposed ISO Standard

1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
Boris Briskman ◽  
Eugene Borson
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Space Radiation ◽  
Technical Committee ◽  
International Organization ◽  
Space Vehicles ◽  
Space Systems ◽  
Iso Standard ◽  
International Standard ◽  
International Organization For Standardization

Russia has proposed a new international standard for the testing of nonmetallic materials to simulate space radiation effects. The proposal was submitted to ISO (International Organization for Standardization) Technical Committee 20 (Aircraft and Space Vehicles), Subcommittee 14 (Space Systems and Operations) and was approved as Working Draft 15856 at the Los Angeles meeting (1997). The second version of the draft was approved at the Beijing meeting (1998).

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