scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF SOME PARATIPICAL FACTORS ON REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION OF DAIRY COWS

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 136-140
Author(s):  
G. S. Sharapa ◽  
O. V. Boyko
Keyword(s):  
Physiological State ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Sexual Cycle ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Service Period ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

Scientific and production experiments were carried out on cows of Ukrainian Black-and-White diary breed (UBAWD) of SE "Seagull" (branch "Lisne") during 2016–2017. The anatomical and physiological state of genital organs of cows was determined by the method of clinical and gynecological research of animals before conducting experiments and during them every 40–50 days. In total 486 cows were kept under control, which were kept in typical rooms with running platforms, but the active motivation of animals was clearly insufficient. Feeding cows according to the recommended standards. The milk yield from the cow in 2017 was 7813 kg. The experiments studied the effect of feeding cows during the dry period, the conditions of retention and some other paratypic factors on the course of the genera and the postnatal period, the duration of the service period and the fertility of cows. In analyzing the research results, personal records and veterinary documentation were used. In conducting experiments, it was found that normal calving was in 89% of cows, and severe and pathological – in 11% of cases. The main diseases in the afterlife period were: detention of the litter – 9.5%, postpartum endometritis – 21.5%, hypofunction of the ovaries – 23.0%, persistent yellow ovarian bodies – 25.6% and others. Normal intervals between stages of excitation of the sexual cycle (18–22 days) were in 63% of cows, and violations of the rhythm of sexual cycle, associated with dysfunction of the ovaries and missed the hunt – 30% of animals. Subunvulation of the genital organs of the cows contributed to the diseases of the limbs, udder and digestive disorders. During 2016–2017, the effect of feeding cows (173 g.) in the dry period on the course of calving, post-autumn period and their fertility was studied. Under the same conditions, keeping cows in the maternity ward and feeding rough and succulent feeds concentrated feeds fed cows of the control group (98 heads) to 1–2 kg daily during the dry period, and experimental (75 heads) – for 18–20 days to calving 2–3 kg. A positive difference was found in favor of cows of the experimental group: there was a more active stage of expulsion of the fetus, less delay of the placenta (by 7%) and endometritis (by 12%), the duration of the postoperative regenerative period decreased by 8.6 days; service period – 19.0 days; fertility from two inseminans was higher by 5.7%. Study of the reproductive capacity of cows at the hotel in different seasons showed that the recovery period was shorter by 11 days in the presence of cows in 3–4 quarters, and the service period – by 23.2 days at hotel in I and IV sq. The average duration of the recovery period was 79.5 days, while the service period was 123.4 days. The longest duration of the joint ventricle was in cows at hotel during the hot summer days of the year. The average fertilization rate from the first insemination of 339 cows was 44.9% with fluctuations in individual groups of milkers from 26.8% to 55.0%. The following indicators were in the number 1 and number 3 (respectively 26.8% and 31.4%). The best fertility rates were in groups № 4, 6 and 7, where there were more cows of the second and third lactation, and the responsible attitude of the milkers to work in organizing cows walks and sexually explicit hunting. When comparing the assessment of the duration of the IP and SP in full-age cows and cows, the first-born, taking into account 225 goals. It was found that these indicators were longer in primitive cows – 20.7 days respectively and 21.9 days in relation to full-age cows. The obtained results are completely consistent with the results obtained by a number of both domestic and foreign researchers. More attention is needed to grow heifers and to prepare newborns for delivery. In 15–17% of cows at and after the hotel, gynecological diseases that occurred in the presence of gastrointestinal diseases, lameness, mastitis and others were diagnosed. This has negatively affected the overall performance of the herd. In studying the duration of HP and SP in healthy and sick cows after calving, it was found that if the SP in healthy cows lasts 73.4 days, then in patients – 116.3 days (the difference was 42.9 days), and the difference in the duration of the joint venture reached 98.7 days. On the basis of the results of the research, it can be concluded that the reproductive function of the cows is influenced by such paratypic factors as feeding animals in the dry period, the temperature factor (time of year), the human factor (the effect of milking on a group of cows), age and physiological state of cows in the hotel and in the afterlife period. When feeding 2–3 kg of bovine feed for cows, together with rough and juicy fodder for 18–20 days prior to calving, the recovery period decreased by 8.6 days and service period – by 19 days, and fertility from two inseminals increased by 5.7%, reaching 85.3%. The smallest duration of the service-period was in the presence of cows in the I and IV quarters year (107.7–117.1 days). In primary cows, the recovery period was longer than that of full-age cows by 20.7 days, and the service period was 21.9 days. In the physiologically healthy cows after calving, the recovery period lasted an average of 73.4 days and service period – 98.7 days, and in patients, after the prescribed treatment – respectively 116.3 days and 197.4 days.

scholarly journals Analysis of interbreeding and age-dependent indexes of reproductive ability of cows.

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Irina Bondarenko ◽  
Kristinа Velikodna
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Sexual Cycle ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Reproductive Ability ◽  
Gynecological Examination ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Digital Material ◽  
Main Components

Comparative estimation of the periods sexual cycle under futile inseminations cortex and heifers sexual mature age in facilities Sumy region. The profitability of dairy farming in the farms of Sumy region will remain an unresolved issue to this day, as the indicators of reproductive capacity of breeding cows and repair heifers need analysis and correction. Inadequate feeding and inadequate care of pregnant cows and parturients are often added to this. As a consequence of the above - the reproductive capacity inherent in this species of animals is not fully realized, most cows remain infertile, and farms are short of calves and milk. The percentage of barren animals can be calculated only at the end of the calendar year, taking into account the data of statistical reporting, while infertility must be fought daily. Detection of infertile animals is effective only in the case of regular obstetric and gynecological medical examinations on the farm. It is during this time that experts find out the causes and calculate the percentage of the main components of infertility, which includes anaphrodisia. The article presents the results of the study of the main folds of anaphrodisia of cows and repair heifers of the experimental farm of Sumy region. The results of obstetric and gynecological examination, indicators of reproductive capacity of cows and heifers of mating age, reflect the basis of technology used in the economy, the intensity of use of breeding stock, as well as determine the economic feasibility of livestock in general. The main indicators of reproductive capacity of cows in the conditions of livestock farms are: indicators of inseminations, fertility, number of hotels, indicators of fruitless inseminations, and also duration of the service period The aim of the research was to study and analyze the components of anaphrodisia of cows and repair heifers of the farm during the experimental years. The results obtained will be a criterion for assessing the state of reproductive function of the uterine population of cattle. The research was conducted at Kosivshchynska Agricultural Company, Sumy District, Sumy Region, on Holstein-Friesian cows during 2019-2020. The main indicators of reproduction of uterine cattle were studied on the basis of annual reports. The obtained digital material was processed by methods of variation statistics using Student's parametric t-test. It was found that a significant percentage of culled animals occurred due to functional disorders of reproductive ability, namely due to repeated and ineffective inseminations. It was found that in 2019, 19.3% showed a sexual cycle after calving in less than 30 days, in 2020 - 18.9%, in 31-60 days in 2019 - 27%, in 2020 - 26%, in 61 -90 days in 2020 - 52.7%, in 2019 - 51.8%, for 91-120 days in 2019 - 22.1%, in 2020 - 23.5%. There is a steady growth of the service period, which worsens the performance of the experimental economy. It was found that the largest percentage of culled cows and repair heifers were animals with anaphrodisia: in 2019 33.7% of the total number of culled animals, in 2020 - 51.10%. The number of inseminations during the experimental years decreased, and the insemination index increased : in 2019 it was equal to 60, and in 2020 -80. Studies in this area highlight the problem of infertility in cattle, which encourages the study of this issue, and the search for ways to solve this problem.  

scholarly journals Reproductive ability of cows and their descendants of different generations

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (89) ◽  
pp. 114-121
Author(s):  
S. I. Fyl ◽  
E. I. Fedorovych ◽  
P. V. Bodnar
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Mothers And Daughters ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Reproductive Ability ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

The research was carried out on cows of Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy breed and their descendants of the first and second generations on the conditions of LLC “Veletenj” in the Glukhiv district of the Sumy region. In cows, based on a retrospective analysis of data and the results of their own searches, was studied the age dynamics of reproductive capacity of cows for the first-seventh and higher lactation, and their daughters and granddaughters for the first and higher lactation. It has been established that reproductive ability of cows to some extent is due to their age. Depending on the lactation, the duration of the parturition of the cows of LLC “Veletenj” varied from 278.2 to 280.0, the duration of the indifference period – from 64.4 to 69.0 days, service period – from 123.5 to 136.4, inter-calving period – from 402.2 to 414.8 and in the dry stable period – from 61.3 to 75.8 days, the reproduction rate was 0.91–0.93, the calves output for 100 cows was 90.9–93.0 the index of insemination is 2.41–2.56 and the fertility index is 42.2–44.8. The results of our research indicate that each subsequent generation of cows was characterized by a better reproductive ability, which, in our opinion, is due to the timely abandonment of fetuses and stimulation of infertile cows, as well as an improved level of feeding. The difference in the duration of the service period for the first lactation between the mothers and their daughters was 24.5, for the best lactation – 24.8, for the duration of the interotional period – 24.8 and 23.7 days, respectively, at P < 0.001 in all cases. A more significant difference in reproductive performance was observed between cows and their granddaughters. In terms of the duration of the service period for the first and best lactation, it was 15.5 (P < 0.05) and 33.3 (P < 0,001) and interotional period – 17.3 (P < 0.05) and 33,2 days (P < 0.001) respectively. Between the majority of the studied reproductive abilities of mothers and daughters for the first and higher lactation, the relative variability was positive and reliable, and mothers and granddaughters – low uncertainty and mostly negative (exception – the duration of calving). The highest positive correlation coefficients were observed between the duration of cervix and their daughters (r = 0.113 ± 0.039 at P < 0.001) and granddaughters (r = 0.211 ± 0.088 at P < 0.05) for the first lactation, as well as mothers and daughters for higher lactation (r = 0.114 ± 0.039 at P < 0.01). Between indicators of the indifference period (r = -0.036–0.051) and the index of fertility of cows (r = -0.080–0.014) and their descendants for the lactation under investigation have low, multidirectional, unreliable connections. The influence of mothers on indicators of reproductive function of descendants is established. They made the most significant impact on the duration of service and inter calving periods, reproduction rate, calving out of 100 cows and the index of daughter insemination (ηx2 = 27.57–52.22%). For higher lactation, this effect was significantly lower (exception – the index of insemination) – ηx2 = 15,39–28,10%.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF STIMULIN-VET ON THE COWS PREGNANCY CONSOLIDATION AFTER INSEMINATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
M. S. Gruntkovskyi
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Embryonic Mortality ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Sexual Cycle ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Cyclic Activity ◽  
Anovulatory Cycle

Improving the reproductive performance of cattle is one of the main tasks in livestock. Numerous stressors, high productivity, poor feeding, improper conditions of care and operation cause hormonal changes in the system "hypothalamus-pituitary-ovaries" of females, which negatively affects reproduction. As a result, farms do not receive a certain amount of offspring and milk, and in the future - an increase in the infertility rate of uterine cattle. In cows after calving at the initial stage of lactation, the trophic function of the pituitary gland is more aimed at ensuring the secretion of milk than at restoring the cyclic activity of the ovaries. Therefore, to correct the reproductive capacity of cows use: feed additives, hormonal drugs, trace elements, physiotherapy methods and more. There are a small number of studies on the effects of biologically active drugs with neurohumoral action on the reproductive function of cows. The aim of our research was to establish the effects of biologically active substances of the neurotropic-metabolic drug "Stimulin-Cattle" on the reproductive capacity of cows. The studies were conducted on the basis of groups of analogues. The experiment selected cows after the first insemination and females who came back to sexual hunting. Experimental animals on day 7 - 9 of the sexual cycle were injected subcutaneously in the scapular region with 20 ml of the drug "Stimulin-Vet", and control according to the same scheme saline sodium chloride solution 0.9%. Cows were inseminated once by recto-cervical method. Three months later, rectal examinations of the animals were performed to determine pregnancy. The analysis of the obtained results showed that in experimental cows the fertility exceeded the control by 15.4 %. In the experimental group, 56.4 % came to sexual hunting again, and in the control group 71.8 %. Among 22 non-pregnant experimental cows, the cause of infertility in 63.6 % of animals was the anovulatory cycle, and in 36.4 % embryonic mortality. Whereas in the control of animals with anovulatory cycle was less by 42.2 %, and with embryonic mortality by the same percentage is probably higher. This situation with infertile animals suggests that the drug stimulates the development of the corpus luteum on the ovary, which promotes the secretion of more progesterone, which causes better conditions for embryo engraftment and thus reduces embryonic mortality. It was also found that animals after the first insemination react worse to the introduction of the drug than those who were inseminated for the first time, which confirms the level of fertility of 41.7 % vs. 46.7 %, respectively.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the reproductive ability of cows of different production types of the simmental breed

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (91) ◽  
pp. 111-115
Author(s):  
T. V. Orikhivskyi ◽  
V. V. Fedorovych ◽  
N. P. Mazur
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Limited Liability ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
The Body ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Dairy Production ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Production Type ◽  
Service Period

In today 's conditions of intensive cattle breeding, the improvement of the reproductive qualities of cows has significant practical and scientific interest since reproductive function impairment of  cattle, shortens the period of its economic use, lowers the level of dairy productivity and therefore the profitability of the livestock industry as a whole. In this respect the reproductive metrics studying of cows of different production types of Simmental breed is important. Researches were held at agricultural limited liability company “Litinske” in the Drohobych district of Lviv oblast. It is established that the average age of the first insemination of Simmental breed animals was 549 days or 18.1 months, age of first calving – 827.3 days or 27.2 months, and the live weight in the specified physiological periods – 453.7 and respectively 529.1 kg. The duration of pregnant heifers was 278.4 days, and the duration of the service period of cows, depending on lactation, was within 89.7–94.4, the interval period – within 371.8–375.1 and the dry period – within 73.1–73.5 days. Indicators of reproductive capacity of animals depend on their production type. In particular, the first insemination and the first calving of animals of dairy production type occurred later than of animals of meat and dairy and meat types. However, heifers of dairy production type were smaller live weight during these periods compared to animals of other production types. It is found that the shortest duration of pregnancy and the longest duration of service and inter service periods were characterized by cows of dairy production type. The strength of impact of production type of animals on age of the first insemination accounted for 11.5% of the total phenotypic variability on the age of the first calving – 9,9%, on the duration of the service period – 7.8–11.0%, inter-calving – 4.8–10.4%, and on the duration of the body and the dry period was insignificant and unbelievable.

scholarly journals Correction of reproductive function in cows with Cytohumat® and Phometrin

2019 ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
Nina Yur'evna Belyaeva ◽  
Yulia Alexandrovna Chekunkova
Keyword(s):  
Humic Substances ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Rapid Recovery ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Biochemical Studies ◽  
Inflammatory Processes

It has been studied the efficacy of a preparation containing humic substances Cytohumat® and of suppositories on the basis of probiotic microorganisms Phometrin for the prevention of obstetric and gynecological pathologies. In the first and second experimental groups in the dry period the treatment included  Cytohumat® at a dose of 70 and 50 ml per head in admixture with the feed for 20 days. After calving animals were injected with Phometrin, intrauterine, for 3 candles and 4, respectively. It led to a decrease in the frequency of postpartum complications by 20…40%. The service period decreased by 28.2…43.6% day, and the insemination index – by 0.8, compared to the control. Biochemical studies of blood in animals of the first and second experimental groups after calving revealed an excess of glucose concentration by 6,3...15,8%,  of carotene – by 23,5...47%, albumins – by 8,2...4,8% and of albumin/globulin ratios – by 7,9...11%, respectively, in comparison with the control group. It probably indicates a more rapid recovery of metabolism and a decrease in inflammatory processes in the genital organs of cows.

scholarly journals PSVII-17 Program Chair Poster Pick: Reproductive function of cows depending on lipid metabolism

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 293-294
Author(s):  
Murat Baymishev ◽  
Sergey Eremin ◽  
Kirill Plemyashov ◽  
Khamidulla Baymishev ◽  
Igor Konopel’tsev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Products ◽  
Synthetic Function ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Oxidized Products

Abstract The aim of the study was to determine the etiopathogenesis of reproductive dysfunction in highly productive cows. Studies were conducted on cows of black-motley breed, aged 3–5 lactations, with a live weight of 480–520 kg. Cows were divided into two groups. The first group included 20 cows effective inseminated after the first insemination. The second group included 17 cows that did not fertilize after the first insemination. Blood samples (n = 253) were taken from 4–7; 14–17; 24–34; 35–50; 88–95; 195–210 days of pregnancy; during the beginning of dry period (DP); 1–4 days before calving and on the first day after calving. The content of total serum lipids in pregnant animals was 15.8% higher compared to unfertilized animals. In non-pregnant cows, a decrease in free cholesterol (by 28.65%), especially in its ether-bound fraction (14.91%), indicates a lower synthetic function of the liver, which is confirmed by the low serum levels of vitamins A and E (a difference of 11.3 and 23.65%). The DP was characterized by a significant increase in the products of lipid peroxidation - malondialdehyde by 12–17%, diene and triene conjugates - by 10–15 and 8–15%, respectively, and 1–4 days before calving in cows, which subsequently had a pathological calving, in particular - retention of placenta (5 cows), were characterized by an increased content in the blood plasma of lipid peroxidation products. Thus, the difference in the number of dienes, trienes, and malondialdehyde products was 14.0, 12.0, and 23.5%, compared with animals without obstetric pathology. On the first day after calving, this difference increased even more. Cows with retention of placenta had a significantly higher level of lipid peroxidation products and were characterized by a predominance of oxidized products over the antiradical thiol disulfide and ascorbate systems restored in the antioxidant balance.

EFFECT OF PVMC DEADWOOD AND OF PVMC LACTATION ON THE COW REPRODUCTION

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
О.В. ЛАТЫШЕВА ◽  
А.В. ИВАНОВ
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Economic Experiment ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Experimental Group

Изучено влияние на репродуктивную функцию коров белково-витаминно-минеральных концентратов (БВМК) с кормовой добавкой «AMG-COMPLEX», состоящей из эфирных масел и растительных экстрактов. Для проведения опыта были сформированы контрольная и опытная группы по 70 голов с учетом количества дней до отела из коров второй и третьей стельности. Животным контрольной группы скармливали основной рацион. Для коров опытной группы были составлены рационы с БВМК, которыми заменяли пропорциональное количество концентрированных кормов и часть витаминно-минерального премикса. Они получали БВМК для сухостойных коров в количестве 300 г на 1 голову в сутки с 60-го по 20-й день до отела и по 200 г на 1 голову в сутки с 20-го дня до отела. После отела 60 дней им скармливали БВМК для раздоя в количестве 1200 г на 1 голову в сутки. Использование БВМК в рационах коров опытной группы способствовало улучшению у них репродуктивной функции и снижению частоты гинекологических заболеваний после отела в 4,5 раза. Индекс осеменения в опытной группе составил 1,73 (P≤0,05), что на 0,76 ниже, чем у животных контрольной группы. Средняя продолжительность сервис-периода в опытной группе составила 87,71 дня (P≤0,01) и была короче, чем в контроле, на 14,72 дня. The effect on the reproductive function of cows of the protein-vitamin-mineral concentrate with the feed additive ʺAMG-COMPLEXʺ, consisting of essential oils and plant extracts, was studied. To experiment, taking into account the number of days before calving, control and experimental group of 70 heads each were formed from cows of the second and third pregnancy. In the scientific and economic experiment, the cows of the control group consumed the feed of the main rations. For the cows of the experimental group rations were made with PVMC, which replaced the proportional amount of concentrated feed and a part of the vitamin-mineral premix. They received PVMC deadwood in the amount of 300 g per 1 head per day from 60th to 20th day before calving and 200 g per 1 head per day 20 days before calving. 60 days after calving they received PVMC lactation in the amount of 1200 g per head per day. Feeding PVMC to cows of the experimental group contributed to the improvement of reproductive function and a decrease in the frequency of gynaecological diseases after calving by 4.5 times. The insemination index in the experimental group was 1.73 (P≤0.05), which is 0.76 lower than in the animals in the control group. The average duration of the service period in the experimental group was 87.71 days (P≤0.01) and was shorter than in the control by 14.72 days.

scholarly journals Reppoductive ability of ukrainian black and white dairy cows

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. Kuziv ◽  
E. I. Fedorovych
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Reproductive Ability ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Lactation Duration ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Period Duration

The major components of economically useful traits in cattle dairy productivity, which conducted the selection is milk productivity and reproductive ability of cows. Studies conducted on animals Ukrainian black and white dairy cattle in the «Milk River» farm in the Sokal and Brody offices breeding reproducers «Breeder» Lviv region and plant breeding «Yamnytsya» Ivano–Frankivsk region. Ukrainian black and white dairy breed in the western region of Ukraine is characterized by good reproductive ability. Depending on the husbandry and lactation duration, service period lasted within 87.4 – 121.5 day, intercalving period – within 364 – 402.6 day, dry period within – 47.3 – 72.9 day, the fertility index was 46.3 – 48.0, coefficient of reproductive ability – within 0.92–0.99,  output of calves per 100 cows – within 91.8 – 98.8. The duration of pregnancy in cows of different  farms and lactations were in range 277 – 283.5 day and meet the requirements of the physiological norm. It has been shown that the milk yield of cows depends on the parameters of reproductive capacity. The correlation between duration of service–period and intercalving period, and milk yield, milk fat in most cases was positive. Correlation dry period duration and parameters of milk yield changed from negative to positive. Depending on the husbandry, lactation and index the impact share of service–period duration on milk yield was 7.0 – 29.7, for intercalving period – 8.8 – 31.8, for dry period – 9.2 – 23.8% respectively.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular Effects of Sedative Infusions of Propofol and Midazolam after Spinal Anaesthesia

1988 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Blake ◽  
G. Donnan ◽  
J. Novella ◽  
C. Hackman
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Spinal Anaesthesia ◽  
Forearm Blood Flow ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Pelvic Surgery ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intravenous Sedation ◽  
The Difference

The cardiovascular effects of intravenous sedation were studied in fifty patients after spinal anaesthesia for lower limb or pelvic surgery. Twenty patients received propofol (mean dosage 74 (SD 4) μg/kg/min for 0–20 minutes and 51 (SD 7) μg/kg/min for 20–40 minutes), twenty received midazolam (35 μg/kg + 2.54 (SD 0.2) μg/kg/min for 0–20 minutes and 1.35 (SD 0.2) μg/kg/min for 20–40 minutes) and ten patients received saline infusion only. The forearm vasoconstriction in response to the spinal anaesthesia was measured by strain gauge plethysmography. Spinal anaesthesia lowered systolic and diastolic blood pressure by 18 (SED 4) mmHg and 9 (SED 2) mmHg respectively. (SED = standard error of the difference.) This was associated with a 32% decrease in mean forearm blood flow. Propofol and midazolam caused similar additional reductions in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (10 (SED 4) mmHg and 4 (SED 2) mmHg) and a decrease in heart rate (P< 0.005), but forearm vasoconstriction was not altered. In the control group, however, forearm vasoconstriction increased during 40 minutes in theatre (P<0.05). Recovery from propofol was far more rapid than after midazolam and was virtually complete in ten minutes. This was reflected by an increase in blood pressure and in forearm vasoconstriction in the recovery period.

The effect of feeding intensity during the dry period on plasma leptin and time to return to cyclicity in dairy cows

2002 ◽  
Vol 2002 ◽  
pp. 1-1 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Holtenius ◽  
S. Agenäs ◽  
H. Gustafsson ◽  
C. Delavaud ◽  
Y. Chillard
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Peptide Hormone ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Feeding Intensity ◽  
Plasma Leptin ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

Much evidence has accumulated showing that female reproductive functions are disrupted when changes in nutritional status take place in both over- and undernutrition. The peptide hormone leptin is considered a possible link between nutrition and reproduction. One objective with the present study was to investigate how different levels of feed intake during the dry period, thereby creating differences in body condition at parturition, affected the plasma leptin concentration and the reproductive function after parturition.

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