scholarly journals CYTOMORPHOLOGICAL RESEARCH OTSYT-CUMULUS COMPLEXES RABBIT FROM WITH OVARIAN AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF THE ESTROUS CYCLE

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 279-284
Author(s):  
A. B. Zyuzyun
Keyword(s):  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
The Body ◽  
Follicular Growth ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Ovarian Follicular Growth

The analysis of the research results revealed that the largest number (86.4%) of oocytes suitable for further development outside the body can be obtained with ovarian follicular phase of growth. It should be noted that statistically significant difference was observed between the groups OCC rabbit derived from ovaries at different phases of the estrous cycle by the number oocytes unsuitable for further cultivation. Thus, the phase of the ovarian follicular growth of gametes was obtained only 13.6% of ovarian and with signs of ovulation and the luteal phase, 35.4% and 31.4% respectively. When comparing the results of the analysis of cytogenetic preparations oocytes from ovaries removed rabbit at different stages of the estrous cycle, found that regardless of the phase of the estrous cycle Yachnik mostly larger number of oocytes were under dyploteny. The largest number of gametes with diffuse chromatin at the stage dyploteny (37.3%) received from the stage ovarian follicular growth. At the stage of fibrillar dyploteny increasing number of gametes was removed from ovarian luteal phase of the estrous cycle. In step dyploteny visible bivalent were more likely gametes obtained from stage ovarian follicular growth (18,1%, p <0,05). The highest percentage of oocytes degeneration chromatin was observed in the group removed from the ovaries to the rabbit lyutealniy phase (21.6%).

scholarly journals Peripheral concentrations of inhibin A, ovarian steroids, and gonadotropins associated with follicular development throughout the estrous cycle of the sow

Reproduction ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 139 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michiko Noguchi ◽  
Koji Yoshioka ◽  
Seigo Itoh ◽  
Chie Suzuki ◽  
Sachiko Arai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Follicular Growth ◽  
Inhibin A ◽  
Ovarian Steroids ◽  
Feedback Regulator

We investigated changes in peripheral concentrations of inhibin A, total inhibin, steroids, and gonadotropins throughout the intact estrous cycle of the sow in relation to ovarian changes determined by daily transrectal ultrasonography. All visible follicles of 3 mm or more in diameter were classified as small (≥3 and <6 mm) or large (≥6 mm). Follicular recruitment was identified in two periods of the cycle: one from the late luteal to the follicular phase, characterized by an increase in the number of small follicles followed by the appearance of large follicles; and another during the early luteal phase, consisting only of increased numbers of small follicles. Plasma concentrations of inhibin A increased (P<0.05), coinciding with the two periods of follicle emergence. Estradiol (E2) levels increased (P<0.05) during the follicular phase, but not during the early luteal phase. An inverse relationship (P<0.01) between the patterns of inhibin and FSH concentrations was noted around the two periods of follicle emergence, but there was no relationship (P≥0.1) between the patterns of plasma E2and FSH during the early luteal phase. In conclusion, measurement of plasma inhibin A levels combined with ultrasonographic examination of the ovaries revealed two periods of synchronous follicular growth during the sow's estrous cycle. The results strongly suggest that inhibin A functions as a negative feedback regulator of FSH secretion throughout the estrous cycle, whereas E2appears to influence FSH secretion only during the follicular phase.

Comparison of bovine uterine horns for progesterone and oxytocin levels with bilateral corpus luteum

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 463-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Cerbito ◽  
M. P. B. Wijayagunawardane ◽  
M. Takagi ◽  
K. Sato ◽  
A. Miyamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Uterine Horn ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Uterine Tissue ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Right

Bovine uterine horns with both ovaries containing a corpus luteum (CL) were compared for progesterone (P4) and oxytocin (OT) concentrations during the luteal phase of the estrous cycle. Uterine tissue samples from five Holstein cows with bilateral CL obtained from the slaughterhouse were used for this study. No significant difference was observed in P4 and OT levels in the right and left horns with corpora lutea in both ovaries. The data clearly indicate that both sides of the uterine horn having a functional CL are exposed to similar levels of P4 and OT, supporting the hypothesis that luteal products are delivered locally to the uterus. Key words: Progesterone, oxytocin, uterine horn, bilateral, corpus luteum, cow

1 PROGESTERONE AS THE DRIVING REGULATORY FORCE BEHIND SERUM FSH CONCENTRATIONS AND ANTRAL FOLLICULAR GROWTH IN CYCLIC EWES

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
T. E. Baby ◽  
P. M. Bartlewski
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Follicular Growth ◽  
Follicular Waves

Ovarian antral follicles in sheep grow in an orderly succession, producing typically 3 to 4 follicular waves per 17-day estrous cycle. Each wave is preceded by a transient increase in circulating FSH concentrations. The mechanism controlling the number of recurrent FSH peaks and emerging follicular waves remains unknown. During the ewe's estrous cycle, the time between the first 2 FSH peaks and days of wave emergence is longer than the intervals separating the ensuing FSH peaks and follicular waves. The prolonged inter-peak/inter-wave interval occurs early in the luteal phase when low levels of progesterone are secreted by developing, or non-fully functional, corpora lutea. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of varying progesterone (P4) levels on circulating concentrations of FSH and antral follicular development in sheep. Exogenous P4 (15 mg per ewe i.m.) was administered twice daily to 6 cycling Rideau Arcott × Dorset ewes from Day 0 (ovulation) to Day 4 (the mean duration of the inter-wave interval); 6 animals served as controls. Follicular growth was monitored in all animals by daily transrectal ultrasonography (Days 0 to 9). Jugular blood samples were drawn twice a day from Day 0 to 4 and then daily until Day 9 to measure systemic concentrations of P4 and FSH. The first FSH peak post-ovulation was detected on Day 1.4 ± 0.2 and 4.0 ± 0.2 in treated and control ewes, respectively (P < 0.05). The next FSH peak(s) occurred on Days 3.4 ± 0.3 and 5.2 ± 0.2 in the treatment group and on Day 5.5 ± 0.3 in controls. Consequently, the treatment group had, on average, 3 follicular waves emerging on Days 0, 3, and 6, whereas the controls produced 2 waves emerging on Days 0 and 5 (P < 0.05).We then retrospectively analyzed and compared daily serum concentrations of P4 and FSH obtained in cyclic Western White Face ewes (Columbia × Rambouillet) that had 3 (n = 10) or 4 (n = 19) follicular waves per cycle. Mean P4 concentrations were greater (P < 0.05) in sheep with 4 waves per cycle compared with their counterparts, which had 3 waves of follicular growth. Interestingly, the ewes with 3 waves exceeded (P < 0.05) all animals with 4 follicular waves in mean serum FSH concentrations on Days 0 to 2, 6 to 7, and 9 to 15 post-ovulation. In summary, creation of mid-luteal phase levels of P4 in metestrus shortened the time to the first post-ovulatory FSH peak in ewes, resulting in emergence of one more follicular wave compared with control animals during the same time frame. The ewes exhibiting 4 waves of follicular emergence had greater serum levels of P4 but lower FSH concentrations compared with sheep with 3 waves per cycle. Therefore, progesterone appears to be a key endocrine signal governing the control of periodic increases in serum FSH concentrations and the number of follicular waves in cyclic sheep. This study was funded by OMAFRA and NSERC grants. Appreciation is extended to Norman C. Rawlings, Susan Cook, and Sekallu Srinivas (University of Saskatchewan) and the staff at Ponsonby Sheep Research Station.

Ovarian Follicular Growth and Development During the Estrous Cycle of Bos taurus, Bos indicus and Bubalus bubalis Heifers Maintained on the Same Nutritional and Environmental Status.

2011 ◽  
Vol 85 (Suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 675-675
Author(s):  
Julia M. Baldrighi ◽  
Manoel Francisco Sa Filho ◽  
Pietro Sampaio Baruselli ◽  
Jose Antonio Visintin ◽  
Mayra Elena Ortiz D'Avila Assumpcao
Keyword(s):  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
Follicular Growth ◽  
Environmental Status ◽  
Ovarian Follicular Growth

Contractile effect of PGF2α and PGE2 on isolated branches of uterine and ovarian artery in different days of estrous cycle and early pregnancy in pigs

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 597-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Skipor ◽  
M. Pikulińska ◽  
S. Stefańczyk-Krzymowska
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Uterine Artery ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Ovarian Artery ◽  
Contractile Effect ◽  
Strong Contraction

Contractile effect of PGF2α and PGE2 on isolated branches of uterine and ovarian artery in different days of estrous cycle and early pregnancy in pigs The contractile effects of PGF2α (3 × 10-6 to 10-4 M) and PGE2 (10-7 to 10-5 M) were examined on isolated branches of ovarian artery (OA) and extramyometrial branches of uterine artery (UA) collected from pigs in the luteal (day 10-12) and follicular phase (day 17-20) of the estrous cycle, and during early pregnancy (day 10-12). Strong contraction was demonstrated in both arteries during all investigated periods in response to PGF2α, which was significantly higher (P <0.01) than to PGE2, being negligible in the follicular phase. In UA, the effective dose of PGF2α (ED50) amounted 7.9 × 10-6 M and 6.3 × 10-6 M in the luteal and follicular phase, and 5.0 × 10-6 M in early pregnancy. ED50 for PGE2 reached 5.0 × 10-7 M in the luteal phase, and 4.1 × 10-7 M in early pregnancy. For both prostaglandins, the contraction was much stronger (P <0.01) in OA than in UA branches. In OA, the ED50 for PGF2α was 1.2 × 10-5 M in the luteal phase and was significantly higher (P <0.05) than in the follicular phase (3.1 × 10-6 M) and early pregnancy (2.7 × 10-6 M). ED50 for PGE2 amounted 7.3 × 10-7 M in the luteal phase and 1.7 × 10-7 M in early pregnancy. Studies showed the influence of the estrous cycle and early pregnancy on OA branches sensitivity to the contractile effect of PGF2α and the lack of this effect on UA branches, and the influence of the estrous cycle on UA and OA branch contraction in response to PGE2.

Effect of mid-luteal phase progesterone levels on the first wave dominant follicle in cattle

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Taylor ◽  
R. Rajamahendran
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Follicular Growth ◽  
Dominant Follicle ◽  
Prostaglandin F ◽  
Follicular Dynamics

A wave-like-pattern of follicular growth and regression during the luteal phase has been described in the bovine. The factors responsible for inducing the onset of regression of nonovulatory dominant follicles are unknown. The present study was designed to examine the effect of progesterone (P4) administration early in the estrous cycle on the first wave dominant follicle. Nine heifers were administered P4 on day 3 (200 mg), day 4 (100 mg) and day 5 (50 mg) of the estrous cycle (Day 0 = day of estrus) and seven heifers received vehicle to serve as controls. All heifers received a luteolytic dose of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) on day 7. Follicular dynamics were monitored by daily ultrasonography. All seven control heifers ovulated the first wave dominant follicle. In four P4 treated heifers, the first wave dominant follicle regressed prior to PGF2α administration and a dominant follicle from the second pool of follicles ovulated. The remaining five P4 treated heifers ovulated the first wave dominant follicle. However, in these heifers the growth of the first wave dominant follicle was slower (0.65 ± 0.13 mm day−1 between days 3 to 7 for treated vs 1.46 ± 0.23 mm day−1 for control; P < 0.05) and estrus and ovulation were delayed compared to controls (3.8 ± 0.3 vs 2.4 ± 0.2 and 5.2 ± 0.4 vs 3.9 ± 0.2 days after PGF2α, respectively; P < 0.05). The results indicate that P4 administered early in the estrous cycle to mimic the mid luteal phase levels alters follicular dynamics and is capable of inducing premature regression of the first wave dominant follicle. Key words: Progesterone, dominant follicle, cattle, atresia, ovulation

Hypothalamic response to leptin changes during a hormonally induced estrous cycle in rats

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kajsa Sjöholm ◽  
Björn Carlsson ◽  
Lena Carlsson
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Primary Response ◽  
The Body ◽  
Leptin Resistance ◽  
Cytokine Signaling ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cyclic Feeding

AbstractThe leptin system regulates body fat mass through a feedback loop between adipose tissue and the hypothalamus. To test if leptin responsiveness may be regulated we assayed hypothalamic response to leptin during the estrous cycle; when changes in food intake are known to occur. Immature rats were treated with pregnant mare’s serum gonadotropin (PMSG) to induce synchronized follicular development, ovulation and corpus luteum formation. Leptin response was estimated by measuring the in vitro induction of tis11, a primary response gene activated by STAT3-dependent cytokines in hypothalamic explants after leptin stimulation. In addition, mRNA levels of the suppressor cytokine signaling-3 (SOCS-3), a possible mediator of leptin resistance, were analyzed. Serum leptin levels did not change between days 2 and day 3 (corresponding to proestrus and estrus, respectively) but the response to leptin was higher on day 2 than on day 3 (p=0.05). Food intake displayed a tendency towards downregulation between day 1 and day 2 (p=0.057), and a tendency towards upregulation between day 2 and day 3 (p=0.072), although the body weight increased on day of the study (p<0.0001). There was no significant difference in hypothalamic expression of SOCS-3 between day 2 and day 3. In conclusion, we have shown that leptin responsiveness changes during a hormonally induced estrous cycle in rats. Our data suggest that a change in the hypothalamic response to leptin may cause the cyclic feeding behavior seen in rats.

scholarly journals Keefektifan ekstra putih telur terhadap peningkatan albumin dan penurunan IL-1β pada pasien tuberkulosis dengan hipoalbuminemia

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Agus Prastowo ◽  
Wiryatun Lestariana ◽  
Siti Nurdjanah ◽  
Retno Sutomo
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Egg White ◽  
The Body ◽  
World Health ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is world health problem which still needs attention. Recently, Indonesia ranks the third in TB prevalence after India and China. Research revealed that albumin decreases significantly in TB patients, due to lack of nutritious intakes such as low-calorie intake, anorexia, increased catabolism, enteropathy and acute protein reaction. Low albumin was associated with increased IL-1β and cytokines inflammation in TB patient. Albumin had a very important role in the body and white egg known as a good quality source of protein.Objective: To assess the effect of white egg supplementation in TB patient towards the level of albumin and the level of IL-1β.Method: A single-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted with 75 patient selected for the study and divided to 37 patient as the study group and 38 as a control group. Both groups received high energy high protein diet, while the study group received, additionally, an oral egg white-based on formula calculation Baxter for 14 days. Control group received, additionally, an extra soybean curd and mungbean powder. Albumin and IL-1β were checked before and after the intervention. Data is analyzed by using Mann-Whitney.Results: Research results show that average albumin pre-intervention in the study group was 2.82 g/dL and control group was 2.85 g/dL. Average albumin difference in the study group was 3.47 g/dL and control group was 2.81 g/dL. Bivariate analysis results show significant of increasing albumin between study group and control group (p<0.05). Research results show average IL-1β pre-intervention difference in study group (0.9 pg/mL) and control group (0.67 pg/mL). The average IL-1β difference in the study group was -0.39 pg/mL and control group was 0.76 pg/mL. Bivariate analysis results show a significant difference of IL-1β depletion between study group and control group (p<0.05).Conclusion: Egg white increase albumin level and IL-1β depletion in tuberculosis patients effectively.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Ramadan Fasting with Menstrual Cycle Pattern Changes in Teenagers

KnE Medicine ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ikhsan
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Menstrual Blood ◽  
P Value ◽  
Ramadan Fasting ◽  
Significant Difference

<p><strong>Objective</strong></p><p>This study was to assess the relation between Ramadan fasting and menstrual cycle changes among teenagers</p><p><strong>Methods</strong></p><p>This is an observational study with cohort prospective approach. The target population was teenagers between 15-19 years old. 85 female students of 1 Senior High School in Manyak Payed District were enrolled in this study that fulfilled the inclusions criteria and failed exclusion criteria. Respondents were asked to fill the questionnaires regarding menstrual cycle for 4 consecutive months to assess their menstrual cycle. Parameter observed was changes in menstrual cycle which could be in duration, frequency, and menstrual blood volume. For menstrual blood volume, the quantification was using menstrual pictogram questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results</strong></p><p>among 85 female students enrolled, 14 students were menorrhagia and 6 students were oligomenorrhea during Ramadan fasting. There was no difference in menstrual cycle abnormalities during Ramadan fasting between the respondents who started fasting in follicular phase or luteal phase (p &gt; 0.05). However, for menstrual blood quantification, there was a significant difference between menstrual blood volume before and during Ramadan fasting. This was marked by the increased mean in menstrual blood volume as much as 13.84 mL (SD 18.69 mL; 9.8-17.87 mL 95% CI) with p value &lt; 0.0001.</p><p><strong>Conclusion</strong></p><p>During Ramadan  fasting, there were changes in teenagers’  menstrual cycle especially in menstrual blood volume. There was significant difference (p &lt; 0.0001) in menstrual blood volume before and during Ramadan fasting. But, there was no difference in menstrual cycle abnormalities (menorrhagia and oligomenorrhea) between respondents who started fasting in follicular phase or luteal phase (p &gt; 0.05).</p>

scholarly journals A comparative study of parasympathetic function tests during different phases of menstrual cycle in young healthy females

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaily Verma ◽  
Prashant Khuraiya ◽  
Rajni Soni
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Heart Rate Response ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Parasympathetic Function ◽  
Three Phases

Background: The hormonal fluctuations that occur during normal menstrual cycle has profound influence on autonomic functions. This influence on autonomic nervous system may affect cardiovagal control. The aim of the study is to find out the variation of Parasympathetic function tests during different phases of menstrual cycle in young healthy females.Methods: The present study was carried out on 50 healthy female subjects with normal menstrual cycles between the ages of 18 to 25 years. Various non-invasive parasympathetic function tests during different phases of menstrual cycle were performed that include Resting heart rate (RHR), Heart rate variation during deep breathing (E:I Ratio), Heart rate response to standing (30:15 Ratio), Heart rate response to Valsalva maneuver (Valsalva Ratio). The results were analysed using ANOVA and student’s paired-t tests.Results: During the menstrual cycle, we found varied heart rate response with higher values towards the luteal phase, when compared to the follicular phase and the menstrual phase. There was a statistically significant difference in the heart rate parameters like resting heart rate, 30:15 ratio, valsalva ratio and E:I ratio during the three phases of menstrual cycle.Conclusions: The study concludes that there was statistically significant heart rate variability during three phases of the menstrual cycle, as observed by the increased sympathetic discharge in the luteal phase compared to the increased parasympathetic discharge in the follicular phase. The results of our study have emphasized the complexity of the relationship between ovarian steroids and various hemodynamic regulatory systems.

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