scholarly journals RESEARCH OF THE QUALITATIVE COMPOSITION OF MILK OF COWS OF UKRAINIAN BROWN DAIRY BREED

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 185-190
Author(s):  
Y. I. Sklyarenko ◽  
T. O. Chernyavska ◽  
L. V. Bondarchuk
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Milk Quality ◽  
State Enterprise ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Qualitative Composition ◽  
Dairy Breed

The aim of the research – is to study the qualitative composition of milk of cows of Ukrainian brown dairy breed in terms of households and in the context of genealogical descent. Method. Research conducted under the conditions of the State Enterprise "Pilot Farm of the Institute of Agriculture of Northern East of NAAS» in Sumy region, Enterprize of Additional Liability “Mayak” in Trostyanetc region, State Enterprise "Pilot Farm Agricultural Firm “Nadiya” of the Institute of Agriculture of Northern East of NAAS» in Romny region. Milk production was assessed by monthly milking control with sampling of milk. Quality indicators measured in the laboratory of the former Sumy State Breeding Center on the equipment of Bentley. We investigated the percentage of fat, percentage of protein, including casein, percentage of dry matter, skimmed residue, contents of somatic cells. Biometric processing of results was carried out by the conventional method (Plohynskoho M.O., 1969), using software Statistica 6.0. The results of the research. Studies have been conducted on the content of fat, protein, casein, lactose and somatic cell count in cow milk. Established difference of qualitative composition of milk of cows depending on the households and on the genealogical origin of the animals. Analysis of our studies indicate that the level of quality indicators of milk production of animals of Ukrainian brown dairy breeds in different farms is significantly different. All the main indicators of quality prevailed in animals of Enterprize of Additional Liability “Mayak”. For the fat content of milk cows of Distinkshna line 159523 were dominated. They though not significantly, but dominated the animals of Eleganta 148551 and Laddi 125640 lines for 0.16% and 0.19% respectively. The substantial significant difference of the content of lactose in the milk of cows of different lines is not set. Animals of Distinkshna line 159523 significantly superior cows of Eleganta 148551 and Laddi 125640 lines for the protein, for 0,24% (P < 0,05) and 0,32% (P < 0,05) respectively. For the casein content they were significantly superior then Laddi 125640 line cows – on 0,24% (P < 0,05). For the dry matter content and skimmed milk residue animals of Distinkshna line 159523 also have the advantage. Conclusions. As a result of studies found that the level of quality indicators of milk production in animals of Ukrainian brown dairy breed in different farms is significantly different. So fat content in milk varies 3,43–3,98%; protein content – 3,10–3,55%; casein content – 2,83–3,31%; dry matter content – 12,4–13,1%, fat-free dry milk residue – 8,95–9,13%. The dependence of milk quality indicators based on linear descent. For the main indices are preferred animals of Distinkshna line 159523.

The effect of interval between harvests and wilting on silage for milk production

1980 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Blood Analysis ◽  
Dry Matter Content

ABSTRACTSeventy-two British Friesian cows, with a mean calving date of 21 January, were used in a 3 × 2 factorial design experiment to assess the effects of the interval between harvest and wilting on the value of grass silage for milk production. Three regrowth intervals of 5, 7 and 9 weeks were used with each material ensiled both unwilted and after wilting to a dry-matter content of approximately 450g/kg. The six silages were offered ad libitum in addition to 7·6 kg concentrates per day, from day 8 of lactation until 13 April, with a mean experimental period of 67·5 days. The mean intakes of silage dry matter were 11·2, 9·8 and 8·7 kg/day for the 5-, 7 and 9-week regrowth intervals respectively and 9·6 and 10·2kg/day for the unwilted and wilted silages respectively. Regrowth interval significantly affected milk yield with mean yields of 24·7, 24·2 and 22·5 (s.e. 047) kg/day being obtained for the 5-, 7- and 9-week intervals respectively. Wilting significantly depressed milk yield with mean yields of 24·8 and 227 (s.e. 0·39) kg/day being recorded with the unwilted and wilted materials respectively. Live weight at the end of the experiment was not significantly affected by any of the treatments but the rate of live-weight loss, calculated by linear regression over the experiment, and loss in body condition score both significantly increased with increasing regrowth interval. Wilting had no effect on live weight or body condition. Increasing the regrowth interval also significantly reduced the solids-not-fat and protein contents of the milk produced during the final week of the experiment but no other significant effects were recorded on milk composition.Blood analysis data are presented: blood urea was the only component affected by the treatments and decreased significantly as regrowth interval increased.

Experiments on the use of home-grown foods for milk production: I. The effect of war-time changes in the food supply on the nutrient intake and milk production of dairy cows

1944 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. L. Blaxter
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
High Dry Matter ◽  
Time Changes ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Sufficient Food ◽  
Adequate Method

1. An experiment has been conducted with dairy cows to find the effect on milk production of feeding rations with a high dry-matter content—typical war-time rations.2. It was found that where a ration high in dry matter is fed, the cow tends to refuse food, and a statistically significant fall in milk production results. The correlation between the refusal of food, calculated in terms of starch equivalent, and the fall in milk production was 0·959.3. The factors causing this inability of the cow to consume sufficient food to meet her total nutrient requirements have been considered. It has been concluded that dry-matter consumption is not an adequate method of expressing the amount of food a cow will consume, and that the major factor influencing food consumption is the palatability of the individual foods making up the ration.My thanks are due to Dr S. J. Rowland for chemical analysis of the individual foods used in the experiments.

Statistical research on the fate of water in the adult cow. II. The lactating cow

1970 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Paquay ◽  
R. De Baere ◽  
A. Lousse
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Daily Milk Production ◽  
Total Water Intake

SUMMARYStatistical tests were made on the data obtained from 100 non-pregnant lactating cows, whose milk production ranged from 4 to 22 kg/day. The cows were kept in metabolism stalls and fed 37 different rations.The authors have studied the correlation between total water intake, faecal and urinary water losses, absorbed and available water and the numerous other factors which were analysed in each of the 37 rations.Total water intake is closely related to the dry-matter intake and the dry-matter content of the diet; it is related also to the composition of the ingested dry matter but is unrelated to the daily milk production.Faecal water losses are closely related to the dry-matter intake and the dry-matter content of the diet; increase of pentosans and crude-fibre intake enhances the losses.Urinary water excretion is related to the amount of absorbed water and to the dry-matter content of the diet; a highly significant correlation exists also between urinary water and urinary nitrogen and potassium. Daily milk production and urinary water are negatively correlated.Water secretion in the milk depends on the dry-matter intake and on its composition; but there is no significant correlation between total water intake and milk water.

475. Studies on variations in the solids-not-fat content of milk: V. Variations due to winter feeding practice

1952 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Feeding Practice ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Fat Percentage

During the twelve years from 1935 to 1946 the type of foods given to sixty-one Dairy Shorthorn first calvers during the months of February and March changed so that the dry-matter intake of the cows rose and the dietary fat fell, but there was little change in the Protein and Starch equivalent they received.Milk yield varied directly with the amount of fat and starch equivalent in the diet and inversely with the dry matter.The solids-not-fat percentage of milk varied directly with the amount of starch equivalent, and inversely with the dry matter content, of the diet.The milk-fat percentage was not influenced by the foods given.It was shown that the fall in the level of solids-not-fat in the milk was largely due to the increase in the dry matter intake of the cows.

Seasonal body weight, body condition, and lactational trends in muskoxen

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 1125-1133 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. White ◽  
D. F. Holleman ◽  
B. A. Tiplady
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Ovibos Moschatus

Seasonal patterns of body weight, fat, protein, milk quality (dry matter content), and milk production rate were determined for three sexually mature female muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus) over three consecutive lactation periods. Females were allowed to graze in summer and had access to hay year-round. A high-protein pelleted ration supplemented this diet. Following calving in early May (1984, 1986) or June (1985), body weight remained constant throughout the summer, body fat declined for 3–5 weeks after calving, and body protein declined transiently during the latter period. Almost all annual gains in body weight and body fat occurred during the 6- to 8-week rutting period from mid-August to mid-October. High milk production (1.3–2.4 L/d) occurred 3 weeks post-calving, generally remained high for another month, and declined to 1.2 ± 0.15 L/d (mean ± SEM) just before the rut. A major decline in milk production, to 0.44 ± 0.050 L/d, occurred during the rut. Although milk dry matter increased 33% ± 4.3% during the rut, this increase was offset by the 60% ± 6.4% decline in milk production. All females successfully reproduced each year of the study and no evidence was found for a lactational anestrum. The hypothesis that gains in body weight must be made before the rutting period to maximize conception rate was rejected. This study highlighted the importance to lactating muskoxen of the late summer – early winter period for annual regain in body weight and body fat, which occurred concurrently with ovulation and conception.

scholarly journals Effect of sex on some composition traits of wild boar (wild pig) meat

2009 ◽  
pp. 25-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Bodnárné Skobrák ◽  
János Gundel ◽  
András Jávor
Keyword(s):  
Wild Boar ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Serratus Anterior ◽  
Feeding Intensity ◽  
Wild Boars ◽  
Meat Samples ◽  
Processing Properties

The authors examined the nutrition value of the meat of shot wild boars (wild pigs) (n=66) from three wild boar enclosures with different feeding intensity and also the technological properties of the meat. Samples were taken immediately after the evisceration. Considering the storing and processing properties of game meat the samples were taken from m. serratus anterior. As for dry matter examination results, the highest values were measured in case of semi-intensively fed wild boars, then followed the data from the samples of intensively and extensively fed wild boars. The fat content from the meat samples of intensively and extensively fed wild boars proved to be lower while in case of the semi-ntensively fed wild boars it was higher. In females the dry matter content, while in males the fat content was higher. As for the protein content there were no differences in either the feeding groups or in the genders. It was only the water holding capacity of the samples from the meat of the females from semi-intensive feeding intensity wild boar enclosure that fell in between normal values.

Optimum harvest date of maize for biogas and silage purposes

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-125
Author(s):  
G. Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Vegetative Organs

The dry matter and moisture contents of the aboveground vegetative organs and kernels of four maize hybrids were studied in Martonvásár at five harvest dates, with four replications per hybrid. The dry matter yield per hectare of the kernels and other plant organs were investigated in order to obtain data on the optimum date of harvest for the purposes of biogas and silage production.It was found that the dry mass of the aboveground vegetative organs, both individually and in total, did not increase after silking. During the last third of the ripening period, however, a significant reduction in the dry matter content was sometimes observed as a function of the length of the vegetation period. The data suggest that, with the exception of extreme weather conditions or an extremely long vegetation period, the maximum dry matter yield could be expected to range from 22–42%, depending on the vegetation period of the variety. The harvest date should be chosen to give a kernel moisture content of above 35% for biogas production and below 35% for silage production. In this phenophase most varieties mature when the stalks are still green, so it is unlikely that transport costs can be reduced by waiting for the vegetative mass to dry.

Persistence of modern varieties and hybrids of carrots and its dependence on the biochemical composition

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
Е.В. Янченко
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Modern Varieties

Цель исследований – дать оценку сохраняемости и болезнеустойчивости современных сортов и гибридов моркови столовой и определить корреляционные зависимости влияния биохимических показателей качества на сохраняемость и степень поражения моркови столовой различными видами болезней в процессе хранения. Исследования проводились в 2011–2016 годах во ВНИИО – филиале ФГБНУ ФНЦО по общепринятым методикам. В биохимической лаборатории отдела земледелия и агрохимии содержание сухого вещества определяли высушиванием до абсолютно сухого веса, общего сахара – по Бертрану, аскорбиновой кислоты – по Мурри, нитраты – ионоселективным методом. При характеристике моркови столовой важнейший показатель, определяющий его качество – количество сухого вещества и сахаров. В процессе хранения были выявлены следующие болезни моркови: серая гниль (Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex Fr.), белая гниль (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.)), белая парша (Rhizoctonia carotae Rad.), альтернариоз (Alternaria radicina M., Dr. et E.). В большей степени сортообразцы моркови столовой поражались серой гнилью. Лучшими по сохраняемости сортообразцами были Корсар (94,6%), F1Берлин (94,5%), Берликум Роял (94,1%) и F1 Звезда (94%). Сохраняемость у зарубежных сортов и гибридов моркови столовой была немного выше, чем у отечественных (на 0,4%) как за счет меньшей величины убыли массы (6,3% против 6,4%), так и потерь от болезней (1,6% против 1,9%). Сохраняемость корнеплодов моркови находится в прямой корреляционной зависимости от содержания сухого вещества (r=+0,41), каротиноидов (r=+0,39), моносахаров (r­=+0,30) и суммы сахаров (r=+0,27). Проявление серой гнили находится в обратной корреляционной связи с содержанием сухого вещества и каротиноидов (r=-0,37 и r=-0,35 соответственно), белой парши – в прямой корреляции с содержанием сухого вещества , моносахаров и дисахаров (r= +0,21; r= +0,39; r= -0,41 соответственно), белой гнили в обратной корреляционной связи с содержанием сухого вещества, моносахаров и дисахаров. The purpose of the research is to assess the persistence and disease resistance of modern varieties and hybrids of carrots and to determine the correlation between the influence of biochemical quality indicators on the persistence and degree of damage to carrots by various types of diseases during storage. The research was conducted in 2011–2016 at ARRIVG – branch of FSBSI FSVC, according to generally accepted methods. In the biochemical laboratory of the Department of Agriculture and Agrochemistry, the dry matter content was determined by drying to absolutely dry weight, total sugar – by Bertran, ascorbic acid – by Murri, nitrates – by the ion-selective method. When describing carrots, the most important indicator that determines its quality is the amount of dry matter and sugars. During storage, the following diseases of carrots were detected: gray rot (Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex Fr.), white rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.), white scab (Rhizoctonia carotae Rad.), alternariasis (Alternaria radicina M., Dr. et E.). To a greater extent, varieties of table carrots were affected by gray rot. The best preserved varieties were Corsar (94.6%), F1 Berlin (94.5%), Berlicum Royal (94.1%) and F1 Zvezda (94%). The persistence of foreign varieties and hybrids of table carrots was slightly higher than that of domestic ones by 0.4%. both due to a smaller amount of weight loss (6.3% vs. 6.4%) and losses from diseases (1.6% vs. 1.9%). The persistence of carrot root crops is directly correlated with the content of dry matter (r=+0.41), carotenoids (r=+0.39), monosaccharides (r=+0.30) and the amount of sugars (r=+0.27). The manifestation of gray rot is in inverse correlation with the content of dry matter and carotenoids (r=-0.37 and r=-0.35, respectively), white scab is in direct correlation with the content of dry matter (r= +0.21; r= +0.39; r= –0.41, respectively), white rot is in inverse correlation with the content of dry matter, monosaccharides and disaccharides.

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