scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF POLYMORPHISM IN MUCIN 4 GENE ASSOCIATED WITH ANIMAL RESISTANCE TO COLIBACTERIOSIS IN PIGS OF DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN SELECTIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 200-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Rudoman ◽  
V. Balatskyi ◽  
V. Nor
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Fixation Index ◽  
Large White ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Muc4 Gene ◽  
Selection Of

Nowadays one of the most common and critical problem in pig breeding is colibacteriosis. This infectious disease has acute course and it is caused by enteropathogenic strains of bacteria Escherichia coli. One of the recent and effective approaches to prevent colibacteriosis is using markers of selection; it involves pig genotyping by genome loci. The chosen loci are associated with animal sensitivity to the disease and selection of animals with increased resistance by the results of genotyping. According to several researches, one of such loci is Mucin 4 (MUC4) gene. MUC4 gene is located in the13-th chromosome (SSC13q41). Mucins (MUC) are macromolecular glycoproteins synthesized by goblet enterocytes and play main role in protecting the intestinal epithelium from pathogens, including adhesive strains of Escherichia coli. As a result of spot replacement g.1849 G>С in intron 7, structure of mucin protein encoded by gene is changing which leads to changes in the sensitivity of the intestinal mucosa to pathogenic Escherichia coli. G allele and respectively GG genotype determine the resistance of animals to colibacteriosis, while СС і GС genotypes are susceptible to this disease. In Ukraine, the studies of polymorphism MUC4 g.1849 G> C were held fragmentally and only at certain populations of Ukrainian Meat and Large White. The aim of the work was to determine the genetic structure of pig breeds of domestic and foreign selection for MUC4 gene and to establish the possibility of organizing marker associated selection for genetic improvement of resistance to colibacteriosis. For research the samples of blood and hair were used from the animals of Large White of English selection, Large White of Ukrainian selection Type 1 and Type 3, Red White-Belt, Mirgorod, Poltava Meat and Landrace breeds. DNA isolation from the samples of biomaterial were carried out using ion exchange resin Chelex-100. Genotyping was performed by PCR-RFLP by Jorgensen methods (2006) with own modifications, concerning the selection of primer annealing temperature and optimum concentration of the gel to separate the restriction fragments. Genetic structure was determined using DNA analysis of MUC4 locus at seven breeds and intrabreed types. Predominance of potentially beneficial G allele frequency over undesirable C allele was established in all the populations of the studied pigs. The highest frequencies of G allele were characterized for Mirgorod (0.795), Poltava Meat (0.740) and Red White-Belt (0.820) breeds. Analysis of the distribution of genotypes showed domination of genotypes GG and GC in all analysed populations. Positive Wright fixation index and predominance of expected heterozygosity (0.484) over actual one (0.460) for Large White of Ukrainian selection Type 3 indicate the existence of moderate inbreeding and selective pressure in this herd. Other populations were characterized by a negative value of fixation index, which is indicative of an excess of heterozygotes, these breeds are in outbreeding depression. Statically significant deviation of actual frequencies of genotypes from expected ones was identified using Hardy-Weinberg criterion for pig population of Large White of English selection and Large White of Ukrainian selection Type 1. This may indicate that these populations aren’t in condition of equilibrium and about inclusion of the chosen gene to the selection process. The valuation was performed by calculating the PIC (polymorphic information content) of the marker. Based on the calculated PIC index MUC4 locus could be perspective to be used in marker associated selection with improving genetic resistance to colibacteriosis. The data of Mucin 4 gene polymorphism at Ukrainian pig populations of different origins and productive direction show the possibility of marker selection to improve the genetic resistance of animals to colibacteriosis regardless of their belonging to breed. This creates prerequisites for the establishment and implementation of the early molecular diagnosis of carriers of harmful C allele in MUC4 gene in pig breeding.

CONNECTION g.307 G > A SNP POLYMORPHISM OF THE ALPHA-FUKOZYLTRASFERAZA 1 GENE WITH ECONOMIC-USEFUL TRAITS IN THE LARGE WHITE PIG BREED

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 134-140
Author(s):  
H. S. Rudoman ◽  
V. M. Balatsky ◽  
V. Y. Nor ◽  
V. O. Vovk
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Information Content ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Fixation Index ◽  
Its Sequencing ◽  
Large White ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
High Level

One of the top priorities at the present stage of development of pig breeding remains the development of a set of measures aimed at increasing the resistance animals to various diseases, especially – to colibacteriosis .One of the recent and effective approaches to prevent colibacillosis is using markers of selection; it involves pig genotyping by genome locuses. Chosen locuses are associated with animal sensitivity to the disease and selection of the results of genotyping of animals with increased resistance. Due to researches, one of such locuses is alpha-fukozyltrasferаza 1 gene (FUT1). Gene FUT1 is located in chromosome 6. As a result of its sequencing in the swine breeds of Large White and Swedish Landrace, single-nucleotide polymorphism (g.307 G > A SNP) has been detected. AA genotype determines the resistance of animals to colibacteriosis, while AG and GG genotypes are susceptible to this disease. According to the results of previous studies, the positive effect of allele A was determined not only on the resistance of pigs to colibacteriosis, but also on indicators of fattening and meat productivity and on reproductive performance. In Ukraine, the studies of polymorphism FUT1 g.307 G > A SNP were held fragmentedly and only on certain populations of Ukrainian Meat and Large White breed but without establishing its association with the indicators of productivity of pigs. The aim of our work was to study the genetic structure of Ukrainian Large White breeds, type 1 and the establishment of association. g. 307 G > A SNP FUT1 gene with pigs indicators of productivity. For research the 96 samples of hair were used. DNA isolation from samples with biomaterial were carried out using ion exchange resin Chelex-100. Genotyping was performed by PCR-RFLP by method of Jorgensen et al. (2006). Using DNA analysis of this breeds locus FUT1 was determined by genetic structure. Allele frequency of allele G (0,573) and allele A (0,427) was established The distribution of genotype frequencies was not statistically significantly different from the theoretically expected, calculated by the Hardy-Weinberg criterion. Thus, according to the locus of FUT1 g.307 G > A, the breeds investigated are in a state close to the genetic equilibrium. The negative value of the fixation index by the locus FUT1 g.307 G > A indicates an excess of heterozygotes in the population, and hence the lack of targeted selection for this marker. The valuation was performed by calculating the PIC (polymorphic information content) – information content of polymorphism marker. In the analyzed pig herd for this marker, the PIC has an average value (0,367), which indicates the high level of polymorphism of the given locus and is favorable for the possibility of conducting a search for links between individual genotypes and indicators of productivity. To establish the association g.307 G > A SNP FUT1 gene with indicators of animal productivity, a one-way analysis of variance of the experimental data was used. Based on the results of a one-way analysis of variance, a significant effect of the genotypes of the FUT1gene (g.1849 G > C) on the indicator of the average daily weight gain (р ≤ 0,001), the thickness of the bacon at the level of the VI-VII vertebrae (p ≤ 0.01), reaching live weight of 100 kg (р ≤ 0,001) and breeding index of fattening qualities (р ≤ 0,01) was found. The parameter of the influence of the genetic factor on the test feature was 28,54%, 10,4%, 33,4% and 8,8% respectively. According to the investigated indicators of productivity, animals with genotype AA, which determines resistance to colibacteriosis, dominated the animals with genotypes GG and AG. Based on the results of our research and pre-published data, the multiple effect of the g.307 G > A SNP FUT1 gene is observed, which is associated with the indicators of productivity, which again confirms the polygenicity of the quantitative trait loci of farm animals. Taking into account a high level of polymorphism of the investigated gene and reliable associations of genotypes with indicators of productivity found, it can be recommended to carry out breeding of pigs using genetic information of the g.307 G > A SNP gene FUT1.

Selection of a Suitable Strain from Recombinant Escherichia coli Strains with the Same Genetic Structure Expressing Periplasmic hGM-CSF

2004 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 578-580
Author(s):  
SEYED SAFA-ALI FATEMI ◽  
BAGHER YAKHCHALI ◽  
JAFAR TOWFIGHI DARIAN ◽  
SEYED ABBAS SHOJAOSADATI ◽  
ALI REZA ZOMORODIPOUR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Recombinant Escherichia Coli ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Emergence of Biofilm-Forming Subpopulations upon Exposure of Escherichia coli to Environmental Bacteriophages

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 956-959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Lacqua ◽  
Oskar Wanner ◽  
Teresa Colangelo ◽  
Maria Giovanna Martinotti ◽  
Paolo Landini
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Membrane Protein ◽  
Outer Membrane ◽  
Outer Membrane Protein ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Type I ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Dps Protein ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT Exposure of Escherichia coli MG1655 to environmental bacteriophages results in rapid selection for phage-tolerant subpopulations displaying increased biofilm formation. Analysis of one phage-tolerant strain revealed large amounts of the DNA-binding Dps protein in the outer membrane protein and production of fimbria-like structures. In dps and fimA mutant derivatives of MG1655, no selection of phage-tolerant bacteria upon exposure to bacteriophages occurred, suggesting a role for Dps and type I pili in bacteriophage tolerance.

scholarly journals REGULATION OF NEWLY EVOLVED ENZYMES. IV. DIRECTED EVOLUTION OF THE EBG REPRESSOR

Genetics ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 673-681
Author(s):  
Barry G Hall
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Directed Evolution ◽  
Enzyme Synthesis ◽  
Regulatory Function ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT In Escherichia coli, the wild-type repressor of ebg (evolved β-galactosidase) enzyme synthesis, specified by the ebgR  + gene, responds very weakly to lactulose (fructose-β-D-galactopyranoside). Selection for a functional repressor that responds strongly to lactulose as an inducer reveals the existence of ebgR+L mutants, which occur spontaneously at a frequency of about 2 x 10-10. ebgR+L mutants are pleiotropic in that they specify ebg repressor with a greatly increased response to lactulose, lactose, galactose-arabinoside and methyl-galactoside as inducers. Selection of ebgR+L mutants is discussed within the framework of directed evolution of a regulatory function.

scholarly journals Selection for non-specific adhesion is a driver of FimH evolution increasing Escherichia coli biofilm capacity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mari YOSHIDA ◽  
Stanislas THIRIET-RUPERT ◽  
Leonie MAYER ◽  
Christophe BELOIN ◽  
Jean-Marc GHIGO
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Selective Advantage ◽  
Coli Strain ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
Lectin Domain ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Type 1 Fimbriae ◽  
Abiotic Surfaces ◽  
Selection For

Bacterial interactions with surfaces rely on the coordinated expression and interplay of surface exposed adhesion factors. However, how bacteria dynamically modulate their vast repertoire of adhesins to achieve surface colonization is not yet well-understood. We used experimental evolution and positive selection for improved adhesion to investigate how an initially poorly adherent Escherichia coli strain increased its adhesion capacities to abiotic surfaces. We showed that all identified evolved clones acquired mutations located almost exclusively in the lectin domain of fimH, the gene coding for the alpha-D-mannose-specific tip adhesin of type 1 fimbriae. While most of these fimH mutants showed reduced mannose-binding ability, they all displayed enhanced binding to abiotic surfaces, indicating a trade-off between FimH-mediated specific and non-specific adhesion properties. Several of the identified mutations were already reported in FimH lectin domain of pathogenic and environmental E. coli, suggesting that, beyond patho-adaptation, FimH microevolution favoring non-specific surface adhesion could constitute a selective advantage for natural E. coli isolates. Consistently, although E. coli deleted for the fim operon still evolves an increased adhesion capacity, mutants selected in the ∆fim background are outcompeted by fimH mutants revealing clonal interference for adhesion. Our study therefore provides insights into the plasticity of E. coli adhesion potential and shows that evolution of type 1 fimbriae is a major driver of the adaptation of natural E. coli to colonization.

Analisis Kapasitas Galangan Kapal Ikan Untuk Memenuhi Rencana Pengadaan Kapal Ikan Hibah

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-36
Author(s):  
Agus Lubis Fitriansyah ◽  
Heri Supomo
Keyword(s):  
Fishing Vessel ◽  
Fishing Vessels ◽  
Score Method ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Selection Of

The government through the Ministry of Marine and Fisheries offers assistance of fishing vessel to achieve fisheries production targets. This procurement plan must be supported by the ability and selection of the right shipyard. Beacuse the information of the capability and capacity of fiber shipyards in Indonesia is unclear, so the realization of the procurement of fishing vessel in previous years did not met the planned targets. The purpose of this study was to analyze shipyard capacity to meet the planned procurement of KKP fishing vessels grant in 2019. First classification of fishing vessels is based on the size of each GT, which is 5 GT (type 1), 5-10 GT (type 2), and 20-30 GT (type 3). The second is the minimum shipyard criteria for building fishing boats. Third, an assessment of the shipyard is based on the criteria that have been made. Fourth, shipyard selection was carried out on each WPPN-RI using the load score method. The fifth calculates the number of ships that can be built by the shipyard. The results of the shipyard assessment found that 43% of shipyards have the ability to build type 1 vessels, around 38% of shipyards have the ability to build type 2 vessels, and around 19% of shipyards have the ability to build type 3 vessels. is 1625 units / period. Referring to shipyard capacity, it can be said that the entire shipyard is able to fulfill the plan to procure assistance for KKP fishing vessels in the 2019 budget year.

scholarly journals Evolution of the iss Gene in Escherichia coli

2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (8) ◽  
pp. 2360-2369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Johnson ◽  
Yvonne M. Wannemuehler ◽  
Lisa K. Nolan
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Neonatal Meningitis ◽  
Additional Tool ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Virulence Plasmids ◽  
Survival Gene ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Manganese Transport ◽  
Iron And Manganese

ABSTRACT The increased serum survival gene iss has long been recognized for its role in extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) virulence. iss has been identified as a distinguishing trait of avian ExPEC but not of human ExPEC. This gene has been localized to large virulence plasmids and shares strong similarities with the bor gene from bacteriophage λ. Here, we demonstrate that three alleles of iss occur among E. coli isolates that appear to have evolved from a common λ bor precursor. In addition to the occurrence of iss on the ColV/BM virulence plasmids, at least two iss alleles occur within the E. coli chromosome. One of these alleles (designated type 3) was found to occur in the genomes of all currently sequenced ExPEC strains on a similar prophage element that also harbors the Sit iron and manganese transport system. When the prevalence of the three iss types was examined among 487 E. coli isolates, the iss type 3 gene was found to occur at a high frequency among ExPEC isolates, irrespective of the host source. The plasmid-borne iss allele (designated type 1) was highly prevalent among avian pathogenic E. coli and neonatal meningitis-associated E. coli isolates but not among uropathogenic E. coli isolates. This study demonstrates the evolution of iss in E. coli and provides an additional tool for discriminating among E. coli pathotypes through the differentiation of the three iss allele types and bor.

scholarly journals An Improved Cloning Vector for Construction of Gene Replacements in Listeria monocytogenes

2003 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 3020-3023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guojie Li ◽  
S. Kathariou
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Plasmid Vector ◽  
Gene Replacement ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Food Borne Illness ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT Listeria monocytogenes is a gram-positive, facultative intracellular bacterium implicated in severe food-borne illness (listeriosis) in humans. The construction of well-defined gene replacements in the genome of L. monocytogenes has been instrumental to several genetic studies of the virulence and other attributes of the organism. Construction of such mutations by currently available procedures, however, tends to be labor intensive, and gene replacement mutants are sometimes difficult to recover due to lack of direct selection for the construct. In this study we describe the construction and use of plasmid vector pGF-EM, which can be conjugatively transferred from Escherichia coli S17-1 to L. monocytogenes and which provides the genetic means for direct selection of gene replacements.

scholarly journals SELECTING PEDAGOGICAL GEOTOPES IN URBAN ENVIRONMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 649
Author(s):  
Γ. Φέρμελη ◽  
Α. Μαρκοπούλου-Διακαντώνη
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Geological History ◽  
Metro Station ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
The Way

Landscape is our modern environment and the rocks that constituting are simultaneous the materials from which are made our cities. May be, some students have seen these geological outcrops, but what are they knowing about the way that they have formed, the way that they act on humans and the way that humans act on them? It is very important the selection of urban pedagogical geotopes because their study will contribute in the understanding of the local geological history, and they will help each student separately to develop useful skills and also they will sensitize the general public. There are three cities types or three sections in the cities that they can coexist in a city or it can appear one or a combination of two (Tab. 1). In type 1, exist impressive or simply obvious natural geological resources. In type 2, the appearance of geological natural resources is very limited, but exists. In these two types of cities, we are looking for "typical geotopes" and there is the opportunity to promote the geological natural resource in the urban environment and indicate his relation with historical, social and cultural development of city. In type 3, does not exist the least appearance of geological resources. In this category belong usually the centres of big cities and the probability to find typical geotopes is minimal. In this type, if we want to promote the idea of geological heritage we should "create" a geological resource that means a "non typical geotope". In these cases the built environment - buildings, statues, monuments (Tab. 5), even cemeteries, streets mainly pedestrian zones Tab. 6), pavements and other constructions which their materials (Tab. 7) (rocks and constructions materials) are emanating from geological natural resources – can constitute a "not typical geotope". Educationally these "non typical geotopes" offer a great challenge to discover the local geological history. As a "non typical geotope" in Athens is proposed the "appearance" of Iridanos river in the METRO Station Monastiraki (Tab. 8).

Selection of a suitable strain from recombinant Escherichia coli strains with the same genetic structure expressing periplasmic hGM-CSF

2003 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 578-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Safa-Ali Fatemi ◽  
Bagher Yakhchali ◽  
Jafar Towfighi Darian ◽  
Seyed Abbas Shojaosadati ◽  
Ali Reza Zomorodipour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Recombinant Escherichia Coli ◽  
Selection Of
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