scholarly journals The relevance of a nonword repetition task to assess phonological short-term memory in individuals with Down syndrome

1999 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annick Comblain
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Nonword Repetition ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Repetition Task

Short-term memory problems for phonemes’ serial order in adults with dyslexia: Evidence from a different analysis of the Nonword repetition task

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (03) ◽  
pp. 613-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten Schraeyen ◽  
Wim Van der Elst ◽  
Astrid Geudens ◽  
Pol Ghesquière ◽  
Dominiek Sandra
Keyword(s):  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Serial Order ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Poor Readers ◽  
Nonword Repetition ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Phonological Representations ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Generalized Linear Mixed Effects ◽  
Repetition Task

AbstractMany studies show that poor readers make more errors in nonword repetition than better readers. Although this finding is generally linked to the lower quality of poor readers’ phonological representations in verbal short-term memory, the nature of this poor performance remains unclear. We addressed this issue by focusing on two types of phoneme-related performance in a nonword repetition task: (a) recall of phonemes irrespective of their serial order (phoneme identity) and (b) recall of correctly reproduced phonemes’ serial order (serial order). We tested 91 young adults with and without dyslexia. Generalized linear mixed-effects models demonstrated that controls outperformed individuals with dyslexia in the recall of phonemes’ serial order but failed to detect a difference in the recall of phonemes’ identity. These findings are discussed not only in terms of the nature of or access to phonological representations but also in terms of another concept that has recently been advanced in the literature: a specialized serial order mechanism in verbal short-term memory. We also consider the possibility that individuals with dyslexia may be less sensitive to phonotactic constraints.

scholarly journals Sentence repetition in German-speaking individuals with Down syndrome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernadette Witecy ◽  
Tatjana Tolkmit ◽  
Martina Penke
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Mental Age ◽  
Sentence Repetition ◽  
Cognitive Delay ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
Repetition Task

The present study investigated the morphosyntactic abilities of German-speaking individuals with Down syndrome (DS) employing a sentence repetition task. In addition, a nonword repetition task was used to assess verbal short-term memory. The performance of 16 children/adolescents with DS was compared to that of 10 typically developing (TD) children. Group comparisons as well as the inspection of standard scores that were determined based on nonverbal mental age indicated a significant morphosyntactic impairment in most individuals with DS that could neither be solely attributed to the general cognitive delay nor to the observed deficit in verbal verbal short-term memory. Further qualitative results are presented.

scholarly journals Phonological Short-Term Memory Impairment in Children with Down Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 897-902
Author(s):  
EMAN F. EL-WAKIL, M.D.; RASHA M. SHOEIB, M.D. ◽  
YOSSRA A.N. SALLAM, M.D.; MAHA H. BOSHNAQ, M.D.
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Children With Down Syndrome

scholarly journals Links Between Short-Term Memory and Word Retrieval in Aphasia

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (1S) ◽  
pp. 379-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Minkina ◽  
Nadine Martin ◽  
Kristie A. Spencer ◽  
Diane L. Kendall
Keyword(s):  
Word Pair ◽  
Picture Naming ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Naming Task ◽  
Word Retrieval ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Retrieval Errors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Repetition Task

Purpose This study explored the relationship between anomia and verbal short-term memory (STM) in the context of an interactive activation language processing model. Method Twenty-four individuals with aphasia and reduced STM spans (i.e., impaired immediate serial recall of words) completed a picture-naming task and a word pair repetition task (a measure of verbal STM). Correlations between verbal STM and word retrieval errors made on the picture-naming task were examined. Results A significant positive correlation between naming accuracy and verbal span length was found. More intricate verbal STM analyses examined the relationship between picture-naming error types (i.e., semantic vs. phonological) and 2 measures of verbal STM: (a) location of errors on the word pair repetition task and (b) imageability and frequency effects on the word pair repetition task. Results indicated that, as phonological word retrieval errors (relative to semantic) increase, bias toward correct repetition of high-imageability words increases. Conclusions Results suggest that word retrieval and verbal STM tasks likely rely on a partially shared temporary linguistic activation process.

Language Influences on Verbal Short-Term Memory Performance in Down Syndrome

2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 1334-1346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Brock ◽  
Christopher Jarrold
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Vocabulary Knowledge ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Typically Developing Children ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Language Abilities ◽  
Term Memory

Down syndrome is associated with severe deficits in language and verbal short-term memory, but the causal relationship between these deficits is unclear. The current study therefore investigated the influence of language abilities on verbal short-term memory performance in Down syndrome. Twenty-one individuals with Down syndrome and 29 younger typically developing children were tested on memory for words and nonwords using 2 immediate recognition tasks: an order memory task that was a relatively pure measure of verbal short-term memory and an item memory task that was more sensitive to language ability. Despite having superior vocabulary knowledge to the typically developing children, individuals with Down syndrome were impaired on both order and item tasks. This impairment was particularly marked on the item task, where individuals with Down syndrome showed an atypically large lexicality effect. These results are interpreted in terms of an underlying verbal short-term memory deficit in Down syndrome that is compounded by poor phonological discrimination abilities.

scholarly journals Syllable frequency effects on phonological short-term memory tasks

2002 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 643-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
LISA M. NIMMO ◽  
STEVEN ROODENRYS
Keyword(s):  
Serial Recall ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Nonword Repetition ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Recall Accuracy ◽  
Syllable Frequency ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Frequency Effects

Recent evidence suggests that phonological short-term memory (STM) tasks are influenced by both lexical and sublexical factors inherent in the selection and construction of the stimuli to be recalled. This study examined whether long-term memory (LTM) influences STM at a sublexical level by investigating whether the frequency with which one-syllable nonwords occur in polysyllabic words influences recall accuracy on two phonological STM tasks, nonword repetition and serial recall. The results showed that recall accuracy increases when the stimuli to be recalled consist of one-syllable nonwords that occur often in polysyllabic English words. This result is consistent with the notion that LTM facilitates phonological STM at both a lexical and sublexical level. Implications for models of verbal STM are discussed.

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