scholarly journals NEOLOGISMS IN THE INGUSH LANGUAGE AND THEIR CLASSIFICATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 130-135
Author(s):  
P.Z. Albakova ◽  
M.M. Sultygova
Keyword(s):  
New Words ◽  
Science Culture ◽  
Current State ◽  
Culture Technology

In recent decades, due to the development of science, culture, technology, and industry, the vocabulary of the Ingush language has changed, resulting in the appearance of new words and phrases that serve as names for new objects, phenomena, and concepts. Neologisms that have become units of the Ingush language are eventually included in dictionaries that reflect the current state of the vocabulary. The article deals with both the problems of modern neology and the issues related to the development and functioning of neologisms in the modern Ingush language.

scholarly journals Plant cell culture technology in the cosmetics and food industries: current state and future trends

2018 ◽  
Vol 102 (20) ◽  
pp. 8661-8675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regine Eibl ◽  
Philipp Meier ◽  
Irène Stutz ◽  
David Schildberger ◽  
Tilo Hühn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Plant Cell ◽  
Plant Cell Culture ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Current State ◽  
Culture Technology

The Appearance of the Fifth Edition

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Fitzsimmons
Keyword(s):  
French Revolution ◽  
New Words ◽  
Current State ◽  
The French Revolution ◽  
The Revolution

Maradan quickly withdrew from the project, and years later than the stipulated deadline, Smits published the fifth edition, although the work was rushed into print when key figures working on it were proscribed after the coup of fructidor. The Convention had hoped that the dictionary would disseminate the values of the Revolution in the same manner as the earlier edition had for the ideals of absolute monarchy. The fifth edition, however, was filled with anachronistic ideas and suppressed institutions and barely took note of the Revolution, not even mentioning the French Revolution in its list of examples of revolutions. The sole acknowledgment was a brief and utterly inadequate supplement of new words in use since the Revolution, which at only 418 words was a fraction of the dictionary’s content. To the degree that it failed to capture the current state of language, the fifth edition was widely regarded as deficient.

scholarly journals Can learning new words in auditory modality lead to rapid cortical plasticity in adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-56
Author(s):  
A.M. Razorenova ◽  
V.V. Skavronskaya ◽  
N.B. Tyulenev ◽  
A.M. Rytikova ◽  
B.V. Chernyshev
Keyword(s):  
Phonological Processing ◽  
Cortical Plasticity ◽  
Auditory Modality ◽  
Late Development ◽  
Speech Impairments ◽  
Functional Tests ◽  
New Words ◽  
Current State ◽  
Speech Correction ◽  
Language Network

A stable relation between words and referent objects or events underlies human language. One of the most fundamental questions is how brain processes new words in order to form new lexical items. The answer to such questions will bring significant breakthrough in multiple fields, ranging from methods of language teaching and speech correction programs for children with late development to clinical rehabilitation of patients with speech impairments and neurophysiological functional tests of language network. This review presents the current state of Russian and foreign studies dedicated to new words learning in auditory modality. We tried to consider all varieties of techniques and paradigms in the field. Equal attention is paid both to studies of the phonological processing of a word (recognition of a phonetic pattern), and to works which consider the ways in which word acquire semantics. We discuss experiments carried out with an aid of such neuroimaging methods as fMRI, EEG / MEG, etc.

THE CONSTRUCTIVE DECISION AND BUILDING MATERIALS OF EXHIBITION PAVILIONSOF GREAT BRITAIN THROUGH THE EXAMPLE THE FIRST AND LAST WORLD EXHIBITION-EXPO

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 86-91
Author(s):  
T. V ShEINA ◽  
A. V IVANOV
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Science Culture ◽  
Building Technology ◽  
The World ◽  
Culture Technology ◽  
Technology Trends ◽  
Structural Solution ◽  
World Exhibition

The results of investigating structural solution and building materials of exhibition pavilions of Great Britain taken at different epochs are presented in this article. Features of architectural formation of exhibition pavilion demonstrate the application of new building materials and constructions. There is presented the development building technology trends, which find the further application in the world architecture. Innovative architectural methods, the unusual thing of setting and forms of pavilions show the achievements of Great Britain in such areas as science, culture, technology and building materials at its best.

The Oxford Handbook of Voice Studies

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Specific Intervention ◽  
Complete Understanding ◽  
Science Culture ◽  
Close Interaction ◽  
Alarm Systems ◽  
The Social ◽  
Field Of Inquiry ◽  
Culture Technology

More than two hundred years after the first speaking machine, we are accustomed to voices talking from seemingly anywhere and everywhere, including house alarm systems, cars, telephones, and digital assistants, or “smart speakers” such as Alexa and Google Home. However, vocal events still have the capacity to raise age-old questions regarding the human, the animal, the machine, and the spiritual—or in nonmetaphysical terms, questions about identity and authenticity. Individuals and groups perform, refuse, and play identity through vocal acts and by listening to and for voice. In this volume, leading scholars from multiple disciplines respond to the seemingly innocuous question: What is voice? While also emphasizing connections and overlaps, the chapters show that the definition and ways of studying of voice is diverse. Many of the authors have worked on connecting voice research across disciplines, seeking to cultivate this trend and to affirm the development of voice studies as a transdisciplinary field of inquiry. It includes diverse standpoints at the intersections of science, culture, technology, arts, and the humanities. While questions of voice address crucial issues within the humanities—for example, the relationships between voice, speech, listening, writing, and meaning—the book also seeks close interaction with the social sciences and medicine in the search for a more complete understanding of these relationships. The term voice studies is used in this context as a specific intervention, to offer a moniker that gathers together otherwise disparate intellectual perspectives and methods and thus hopes to facilitate further transdisciplinary conversation and collaboration.

scholarly journals Pengembangan Model Pengukuran Kesiapan Industri 4.0 Untuk Perusahaan Manufaktur di Indonesia

Jurnal PASTI ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Hauw Sen Rimo Tan ◽  
Aditya Andhika ◽  
Francisca Dini Ariyanti ◽  
Khristian Edi Nugroho Soebandrija
Keyword(s):  
Business Process ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Action Plans ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Electronic Manufacturing ◽  
Current State ◽  
Manufacturing Company ◽  
Culture Technology

Nowadays, manufacturing companies in Indonesia are facing a great challenge in Industry 4.0 era. Manufacturing companies perceive Industry 4.0 is complex and could disturb their business process with uncertainty in results by implementing it. In other side, manufacturing companies also have difficulty in assessing their readiness to start Industry 4.0 transformation process and fail to prepare strategies and action plans clearly. This research developed a measurement model of Industry 4.0 readiness with 2 aspects, 5 dimensions and 20 variables that could be used by manufacturing companies to asses their current state. The dimensions “Awareness” and  “Leadership and Strategy” are used to measure company readiness in “Knowledge” aspect, while the dimensions “People and Culture”, “Technology” and “Operation” are used to measure company readiness in “Resources Capability” aspect. The result of the measurement categories the company in 4 level of readiness, i.e.: “Not Ready”, “Conditional Ready”, “Basic Readiness” and “Fully Ready”. This model has been tested and used to measure Industry 4.0 readiness for an electronic manufacturing company located in Jabodetabek and showed that the model is easy and practical to be used in a real manufacturing company.   Keywords: Industry 4.0, readiness measurement, readiness model, readiness index 

scholarly journals Internationalisms: Do They Affect or Enrich the Modern Albanian Language?

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 352
Author(s):  
Evis Vasili
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Linguistic Community ◽  
Spiritual Values ◽  
State Identity ◽  
New Words ◽  
Science Culture ◽  
Slavic Languages ◽  
European Languages ◽  
Written Form ◽  
Cultural Movement

Language is a symbol of cultural, national or state identity. For Albanians, language was and is the most important feature establishing their identity. The first attempts to codify the written Albanian language were distinguished since the second half of the nineteenth century by the Albanian scholars, who led the cultural movement "Albanian National Renaissance", where first of all we can mention Konstandin Kristoforidhi and Sami Frashëri. As an isolated Indo-European language, Albanian language is part of the Balkan linguistic connection. Although the Albanian language has not lost its origin, throughout its history it has proven and suffered interventions and major influences not only from the Indo-European but also from non-Indo-European languages. These influences are more directly reflected in the lexicon as the most fluid system of language. Like any other language, the Albanian language has responded to the demands of social development, changes in the field of production, technology, science, culture and so on by enriching and further developing its vocabulary, inter alia, by borrowing words from other languages. Language lexicon flows are larger than outflows and this explains the fact that the lexicon is expanded from generation to generation with new units. In general, there is a large number of words in Albanian language borrowed from Latin, Slavic languages in the south and Turkish. Most of the borrowed words such as anglicisms, germanisms, greecisms, italicisms etc are introduced in Albanian language in written form and orally, mainly in the last thirty years as a result of direct contact of Albanians with European and transatlantic countries, where they have lived and continue to live as immigrants, asylum seekers or workers. The number of foreign lexemes in Albanian language often differs from region to region and even from one person to another. Motivation of borrowing the words from a linguistic community, who regarding the cultural, technical and economic aspect prevails to the other community, is the desire and need to name new terms, objects and events, which are unknown in the language that takes these words. Borrowing new words for new issues also serves to cover linguistic requirements. However, taking foreign expressions does not necessarily show a sign of weakness; in a typical case there is a language enrichment, because new words are attributed to new things, new knowledge or new spiritual values. There are also cases when a word already exists in Albanian, but it is still replaced with the foreign word. In different circumstances both can be used. From this point of view, a question arises: What attitude should be taken for foreign words? Do foreign words enrich or spoil a language?

CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS IN ARCHITECTURE OF NATIONAL EXHIBITION HALLS AT THE WORLD UNIVERSAL EXHIBITION OF THE EXPO

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
T. V ShEINA ◽  
A. V IVANOV
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Science Culture ◽  
Building Technology ◽  
The World ◽  
Culture Technology ◽  
Technology Trends ◽  
Structural Solution

The results of investigating structural solution and building materials of exhibition pavilions of Russia taken at different epochs are presented in this article. Features of architectural formation of exhibition pavilion demonstrate the application of new build materials and constructions. There is presented the development building technology trends, which find the further application in the world architecture. Innovative architectural methods, the unusual thing of setting and forms of pavilions show the achievements of Russia in such areas as science, culture, technology and building materials at its best.

ESEM - A multipurpose surface Electron Microscope

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 632-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.D. Danilatos
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Environmental Scanning ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Saturated Water Vapor ◽  
Surface Electron ◽  
Current State ◽  
Saturated Water ◽  
New Type ◽  
Temperature And Pressure

Over recent years a new type of electron microscope - the environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) - has been developed for the examination of specimen surfaces in the presence of gases. A detailed series of reports on the system has appeared elsewhere. A review summary of the current state and potential of the system is presented here.The gas composition, temperature and pressure can be varied in the specimen chamber of the ESEM. With air, the pressure can be up to one atmosphere (about 1000 mbar). Environments with fully saturated water vapor only at room temperature (20-30 mbar) can be easily maintained whilst liquid water or other solutions, together with uncoated specimens, can be imaged routinely during various applications.

Recent applications of TEM to the study of interfaces

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 308-309
Author(s):  
C. Barry Carter
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Diffuse Scattering ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Amorphous Material ◽  
Contrast Imaging ◽  
Current State ◽  
Actual Nature ◽  
High Resolution Images

This paper will review the current state of understanding of interface structure and highlight some of the future needs and problems which must be overcome. The study of this subject can be separated into three different topics: 1) the fundamental electron microscopy aspects, 2) material-specific features of the study and 3) the characteristics of the particular interfaces. The two topics which are relevant to most studies are the choice of imaging techniques and sample preparation. The techniques used to study interfaces in the TEM include high-resolution imaging, conventional diffraction-contrast imaging, and phase-contrast imaging (Fresnel fringe images, diffuse scattering). The material studied affects not only the characteristics of the interfaces (through changes in bonding, etc.) but also the method used for sample preparation which may in turn have a significant affect on the resulting image. Finally, the actual nature and geometry of the interface must be considered. For example, it has become increasingly clear that the plane of the interface is particularly important whenever at least one of the adjoining grains is crystalline.A particularly productive approach to the study of interfaces is to combine different imaging techniques as illustrated in the study of grain boundaries in alumina. In this case, the conventional imaging approach showed that most grain boundaries in ion-thinned samples are grooved at the grain boundary although the extent of this grooving clearly depends on the crystallography of the surface. The use of diffuse scattering (from amorphous regions) gives invaluable information here since it can be used to confirm directly that surface grooving does occur and that the grooves can fill with amorphous material during sample preparation (see Fig. 1). Extensive use of image simulation has shown that, although information concerning the interface can be obtained from Fresnel-fringe images, the introduction of artifacts through sample preparation cannot be lightly ignored. The Fresnel-fringe simulation has been carried out using a commercial multislice program (TEMPAS) which was intended for simulation of high-resolution images.

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