scholarly journals Ammonia and COD Removal From Landfill Leachate Using MAP Precipitation Method

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Preliminary Treatment ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate

<p>Most of the major cities in our country are opposed to the problem of water pollution due to the uncontrolled leachate resulting from the decomposition of solid wastes in irregular landfills. The waste waters that have high nitrogen content such as leachate cause various problems like eutrophication. In this study; the preliminary treatment of leachate which formed on the landfill site storing solid wastes of Samsun Metropolitan Municipality by MAP (Magnesium ammonium phosphate) precipitation was examined. For this purpose, optimization of the parameters that affecting the MAP precipitation was performed and the conditions for optimum removal efficiency were investigated. As a result of MAP precipitation, various mole ratios were tested with the aim of providing the best ammonia removal efficiency. The maximum ammonia removal was found to be 90.63% at pH 9.5 and at Mg:NH4:PO4 ratio of 4: 1: 2.2. At this conditions the ammonia concentration was decreased from 1792 mg/L to 168 mg/L. Experimental data were also evaluated and the regression equations of ammonia and COD removal were obtained using Minitab 16 statistical software.</p>

Ammonia removal by magnesium ammonium phosphate precipitation in industrial wastewaters

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 225-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olcay Tünay ◽  
Isik Kabdasli ◽  
Derin Orhon ◽  
Saadettin Kolçak
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
The Public ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Leather Tanning ◽  
Segregated Flow ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium

In this study, the theoretical basis and limitations of magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) precipitation are investigated and experimentally tested for leather tanning industry. The MAP precipitation is applied to leather tanning wastewaters for both segregated flows containing high ammonia concentrations and combined flows. Segregated flow treatment on smaller volumes of wastewater provided an ammonia concentration of down to 150 mg l−1 NH3-N. The resulting ammonia concentration of MAP precipitation on combined wastewater is at the level of domestic wastewater which eliminates the need of further nitrogen removal in the biological treatment and provides an effluent quality acceptable for the public sewer.

Struvite precipitation potential for nutrient recovery from anaerobically treated wastes

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (11) ◽  
pp. 259-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Miles ◽  
T. G. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium ◽  
Struvite Precipitation

Geochemical equilibrium speciation modeling was used to determine optimum conditions for precipitation of magnesium ammonium phosphate, or struvite, for the recovery of nutrients from anaerobically digested wastes. Despite a wide range of pH values with the potential to precipitate struvite, the optimum pH was determined to be 9.0. Bench experiments conducted on effluent from an anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (ASBR) treating swine wastes achieved a maximum of 88% ammonia removal at a pH of 9.5 with added magnesium and phosphate to achieve an ammonium: magnesium: phosphate molar ratio of 1:1.25:1. Struvite precipitation was performed on a continuous basis in a pilot-scale ASBR treating swine wastes. Through the addition of supplemental magnesium and phosphate, the ammonia concentration was reduced from 1500 mg/L as nitrogen to less than 10 mg/L. The supematant from the struvite precipitation clarifier was recycled to the feed of the ASBR without adverse impact, simulating on-farm effluent reuse as flush water.

Treatment of leachate from the anaerobic fermentation of solid wastes using two biofilm support media

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 287-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Comett ◽  
S. Gonzalez-Martinez ◽  
P. Wilderer
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Support Materials ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Biofilm Support ◽  
Different Response

Biofilms growing on different carrier media have a different response to the nutrients contained in wastewater. Biofilms have proven to be an alternative to the treatment of wastewater containing higher concentrations of contaminants. The main objective of this research was to compare two biofilm support media for the treatment of leachate from the anaerobic fermentation of solid wastes. The removal of organic matter and ammonia was achieved in two fixed bed biofilm reactors containing Kaldnes® and Linpor® support materials with specific surface areas of 490 and 270 m2/m3, respectively, and operating under the sequencing batch procedure during 204 days. The Linpor reactor achieved higher total COD removal than the Kaldnes reactor (47% and 39%, respectively). Linpor was shown to be less sensitive to influent COD changes than Kaldnes. The effluent total COD values of Kaldnes were higher than Linpor. The dissolved COD removal was 21% for both reactors. The average ammonia removal for Linpor was 72% and 42% for Kaldnes. The matrix of Linpor allows higher concentrations of microorganisms (as dry mass) than Kaldnes. The dry mass concentration was related to the "active" exposed surface area of the biofilm. This is considered to be the cause for the better performance of Linpor when compared with Kaldnes.

Evaluation and thermodynamic calculation of ureolytic magnesium ammonium phosphate precipitation from UASB effluent at pilot scale

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (11) ◽  
pp. 1954-1962 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Desmidt ◽  
K. Ghyselbrecht ◽  
A. Monballiu ◽  
W. Verstraete ◽  
B. D. Meesschaert
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Saturation Index ◽  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Operational Cost ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium ◽  
Ph Increase ◽  
High Phosphate

The removal of phosphate as magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP, struvite) has gained a lot of attention. A novel approach using ureolytic MAP crystallization (pH increase by means of bacterial ureases) has been tested on the anaerobic effluent of a potato processing company in a pilot plant and compared with NuReSys® technology (pH increase by means of NaOH). The pilot plant showed a high phosphate removal efficiency of 83 ± 7%, resulting in a final effluent concentration of 13 ± 7 mg · L−1 PO4-P. Calculating the evolution of the saturation index (SI) as a function of the remaining concentrations of Mg2+, PO4-P and NH4+ during precipitation in a batch reactor, resulted in a good estimation of the effluent PO4-P concentration of the pilot plant, operating under continuous mode. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses confirmed the presence of struvite in the small single crystals observed during experiments. The operational cost for the ureolytic MAP crystallization treating high phosphate concentrations (e.g. 100 mg · L−1 PO4-P) was calculated as 3.9 € kg−1 Premoved. This work shows that the ureolytic MAP crystallization, in combination with an autotrophic nitrogen removal process, is competitive with the NuReSys® technology in terms of operational cost and removal efficiency but further research is necessary to obtain larger crystals.

Assessment of source-based nitrogen removal alternatives in leather tanning industry wastewater

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 205-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Zengin, ◽  
T. Ölmez ◽  
S. Doğruel ◽  
I. Kabdaşlı ◽  
O. Tünay
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Treatment Alternative ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Leather Tanning ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Parameter Values ◽  
Industry Wastewater ◽  
Tanning Industry

Nitrogen is an important parameter of leather tanning wastewaters. Magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) precipitation is a chemical treatment alternative for ammonia removal. In this study, a detailed source-based wastewater characterisation of a bovine leather tannery was made and nitrogen speciation as well as other basic pollutant parameter values was evaluated. This evaluation has led to definition of alternatives for source-based MAP treatment. MAP precipitation experiments conducted on these alternatives have yielded over 90% ammonia removal at pH 9.5 and using stoichiometric doses. Among the alternatives tested liming-deliming and bating-washing was found to be the most advantageous providing 71% ammonia removal.

scholarly journals Magnesium Metabolism of Human and Rabbit Erythrocytes

Blood ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 722-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
STANLEY GINSBURG ◽  
JAMES G. SMITH ◽  
FREEMAN M. GINSBURG ◽  
JACQUELINE Z. REARDON ◽  
JERRY K. AIKAWA
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Magnesium Content ◽  
Peripheral Circulation ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Magnesium Concentration ◽  
Experimental Production ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate

Abstract A modification of the magnesium ammonium phosphate precipitation method for the determination of serum magnesium was devised to determine the magnesium content of erythrocytes. The concentration of magnesium in the red cells of healthy hospital personnel was 4.67 ± 0.92 mEq./L. An increase in erythrocyte magnesium concentration was observed in patients with reticulocytosis. Experimental production of reticulocytosis by the administration of phenylhydrazine to rabbits confirmed these clinical observations. No significant in vitro uptake of Mg28 from the suspending medium occurred in mature human erythrocytes or in mature or immature erythrocytes from rabbits. The relative tissue uptake of Mg28 in the bone marrow was significantly increased in animals in whom anemia and marked reticulocytosis were produced by phenylhydrazine. Relative activity was decreased in the hearts, spleens, and kidneys of these animals. Since there is no evidence for significant exchange of magnesium in immature or mature erythrocytes in the peripheral circulation, it is concluded that the magnesium content of erythrocytes is increased in the bone marrow prior to their release into the peripheral circulation.

Nitrogen removal from tannery wastewater by protein recovery

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 215-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Kabdaşli ◽  
T. Ölmez ◽  
O. Tünay
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Protein Profile ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Protein Precipitation ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Recovery Potential ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium ◽  
Isoelectric Ph

Nitrogen removal from wastewaters has gained importance in recent years. In this paper protein precipitation and recovery potential of leather tanning industry wastewaters were experimentally evaluated. A protein profile for all sources was prepared. Liming was determined to be the most important protein source. Composite samples were made up to assess the protein precipitation applications. Isoelectric pH precipitation yielded around 50% protein removal between the optimum pH interval of 2.1-3.8. FeCl3 proved to be a very effective means of protein removal providing over 60% efficiency. Polyelectrolyte precipitation did not yield satisfactory results. Magnesium ammonium phosphate precipitation followed by acid precipitation of protein provided 85% ammonia removal in addition to 50% protein removal.

Study on the Treatment of Ammona-Nitrogen Wastewater by Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate

2011 ◽  
Vol 233-235 ◽  
pp. 528-531
Author(s):  
Li Na He ◽  
Hua Ye ◽  
Can Cao ◽  
Ying Fen Li
Keyword(s):  
Removal Rate ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Effective Technology ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium ◽  
Natural Water Bodies

Large quantities of ammonia-nitrogen (-N) in wastewater is one of the main causes of eutrophication that endanger both natural water bodies and fresh water seriously. Thus, it is necessary to find an economic and feasible method to remove the ammonium-nitrogen in wastewater before they are returned to the environment. Magnesium ammonium phosphate precipitation method is one of the effective technology of wastewater treatment. In this paper, the influence of initial ammonia-nitrogen concentration, pH, temperature and mole ratio of :NH+4 :Mg2+were studied, What is more, the optimum condition of this process was determined. The results indicated that ammonia-nitrogen concentration is decreased from 1434 mg/L to 95.65 mg/L, and the removal rate reached 93.33% at the optimum conditions, which laying a foundation for the following biochemical treatment.

Ammonia removal from young landfill leachate by magnesium ammonium phosphate precipitation and air stripping

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 237-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Kabdaslı ◽  
O. Tünay ◽  
İ. Öztürk ◽  
S. Yılmaz ◽  
O. Arıkan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Aerobic Treatment ◽  
Air Stripping ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Sanitary Landfills ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium

Leachate from sanitary landfills is a strong wastewater in terms of organic matter and ammonia. Organic matter can be reduced by anaerobic plus aerobic treatment; however, ammonia reduction by nitrification often poses problems due to inhibition. In this study, ammonia removal by physical chemical treatment from young leachate and anaerobically treated young landfill leachate was experimentally investigated. Magnesium ammonium phosphate precipitation (MAP) and ammonia stripping at pH 12 provided ammonia removals over 90 and 85% respectively. Up to 80% COD removal was obtained with MAP precipitation of raw leachate.

Ammonia Nitrogen Removal from Chlor-Alkali Chemical Industry Wastewater by Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate Precipitation Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 573-574 ◽  
pp. 1096-1100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Zhu ◽  
Zhi Yong Guo ◽  
Xiu Yi Hua ◽  
De Ming Dong ◽  
Da Peng Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Reagent Ratio ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Removal Ratio ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium ◽  
Industry Wastewater

This study introduces a method of ammonia nitrogen removal from chlor-alkali industry wastewater by magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) precipitation. The effect of pH, reagent ratio and temperature were investigated. The pH was found to be the most significant factor. The optimal ammonia nitrogen removal ratio is about 46% under the condition of pH=10, reagent ratio n(Mg) : n(N) : n(P)=1.2 : 1.0 : 1.0 and temperature=35°C. According to this study, MAP precipitation method has the potential ability to be applied to remove ammonia nitrogen from chlor-alkali chemical industry wastewater.

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