scholarly journals Thermally treated aluminium waste-filings, a low cost and efficient adsorbent for phosphorus removal from water

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 488-496 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Kinetic Modelling ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
P Adsorption ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Efficient Adsorbent ◽  
Monolayer Coverage ◽  
P Removal ◽  
Thermally Treated

<p>A facile strategy toward modification of aluminium filings (AF), a waste material from aluminium manufacturing industry, into a highly efficient adsorbent was examined. AF was simply treated with thermal modification to form a cheap adsorbent for Phosphorus (P) removal from aqueous solutions. The results showed that increasing the calcination temperature from 500 to 900 ˚C improved the P removal. P adsorption occurred quite fast and 70% of P removal observed in 15 minutes. Adsorption efficiency was increased by increasing pH, decreasing P initial concentration as well. The presence of coexisting anions, except HCO3-, showed a negligible effect on P adsorption by AF. Thermodynamic studies revealed that P adsorption onto AF was endothermic in nature. Kinetic modelling demonstrated that the adsorption rate was controlled by the chemisorption. The process also fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model, indicating that the process proceeds via monolayer coverage with 49.97 mg g-1 maximum monolayer capacity. Overall, in addition to beneficial environmental and economic aspects, the results demonstrated excellent adsorption characteristics which make thermally treated AF a promising adsorbent material for phosphorus removal from polluted streams.</p>

Cost effective and advanced phosphorus removal in membrane bioreactors for a decentralised wastewater technology

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 133-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Gnirss ◽  
B. Lesjean ◽  
C. Adam ◽  
H. Buisson
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Membrane Bioreactors ◽  
P Adsorption ◽  
Bench Scale ◽  
Co Precipitation ◽  
Biological Phosphorus ◽  
P Removal

Future stringent phosphorus regulations (down to 50 mg/L in some cases) together with the availability of more cost effective and/or innovative membrane processes, are the bases for this project. In contrast to conventional activated sludge plants, process parameters are not optimised and especially enhanced biological phosphorus (Bio-P) removal in membrane bioreactors (MBRs) are not proven yet. Current practice of P-removal in MBRs is the addition of coagulants in a co-precipitation mode. Enhanced biological phosphorus removal, when adapted to MBR technology, might be a cost-effective process. For very stringent effluent criteria additional P-adsorption on activated clay after membrane filtration can be also an interesting solution. The objective of this research project is to identify and test various phosphorus removal processes or process combinations, including MBR technologies. This should enable us to establish efficient and cost effective P-removal strategies for upgrading small sewage treatment units (up to 10,000 PE), as needed in some decentralised areas of Berlin. In particular, enhanced Bio-P removal technology was developed and optimised in MBR. Combinations of co-precipitation and post-adsorption will be tested when low P-values down to 50 mg/L are required in the effluent. One MBR bench-scale plant of 200 to 250 L and two MBR pilot plants of 1 to 3 m3 each were operated in parallel to a conventional wastewater treatment plant (Ruhleben WWTP, Berlin, Germany). The MBR bench-scale and pilot plants were operated under sludge ages of respectively 15 and 25 days. In both cases, Bio-P was possible, and phosphorus effluent concentration of about 0.1 mg/L could be achieved. A similar effluent quality was observed with the conventional WWTP. Investigations with lab columns indicated that P-adsorption could lead to concentrations down to 50 mg/L and no particle accumulation occurred in the filter media. The three tested materials exhibited great differences in break-through curves. Granulated ferric hydroxyde (GEH®) showed higher capacity than activated alumina and FerroSorpPlus.

Phosphate adsorption on novel hydrogel beads with interpenetrating network (IPN) structure in aqueous solutions: kinetics, isotherms and regeneration

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (28) ◽  
pp. 23233-23241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Wan ◽  
Tao Tao ◽  
Yong Zhang ◽  
Xiangmin Liang ◽  
Aijiao Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Phosphate Adsorption ◽  
Interpenetrating Network ◽  
P Adsorption ◽  
Hydrogel Beads

Adsorption has attracted much attention for its effectiveness, low cost and the possibility of regeneration among many phosphorus removal methods.

Full Scale Investigations on Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal – P-Release in the Anaerobic Reactor

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 153-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Wedi ◽  
P. A. Wilderer
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Anaerobic Reactor ◽  
P Release ◽  
Acinetobacter Sp ◽  
Biological Phosphorus ◽  
P Removal

Most of the fundamental processes responsible for enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) were obtained through laboratory tests under defined conditions with pure or enriched cultures. Acinetobacter sp. was identified as the most important group of bacteria responsible for bio-P removal. Full scale data showed, however, that laboratory results do not match full scale results well enough. There is a lack of data on the effects of sub-optimal process conditions such as inadequate availability of volatile fatty acids (VFA), high nitrate recycle, storm water inflow or low temperatures. In this paper the results of full scale experiments on P-release are presented and compared with theoretical values. Measurements at a full scale Phoredox-system showed a surprisingly low P-release in the anaerobic reactor. Only 4 to 10% of the phosphorus in the activated sludge was released in the bulk liquid. With laboratory batch-tests, a maximum of 20% of the P in the sludge could be released. It is assumed that under the prevailing process conditions either the fraction of Acinetobacter sp. was very small, or bacteria other than Acinetobacter sp. were responsible for the P-removal, or most of the phosphorus was bound chemically but mediated by biological processes.

Competitive Biosorption of Pb(II) and Cu(II) by Functionalised Micropogonias undulates Scales

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua O. Ighalo ◽  
Ibrahim O. Tijani ◽  
Oluwaseun J. Ajala ◽  
Fisayo O. Ayandele ◽  
Omodele A. Eletta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Fish Scales ◽  
Wet Impregnation ◽  
Monolayer Adsorption ◽  
Competitive Biosorption ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Best Fit

Background: Modified bio-based adsorbents from plant sources can be used for pollution remediation by adsorption due to their low cost and availability in large quantities. Objective: In this study, the competitive biosorption of Pb(II) and Cu(II) by Micropogonias undulates functionalised fish scales (FFS) was conducted. The functionalisation was done by wet impregnation with Fe2+. Method: The biosorbent was characterised by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and Branueur–Emmett–Teller (BET) analyses. Results: The major constituents in the FFS were calcium and phosphorus from the collagen and apatite on the scales. Optimum removal efficiency for both metals was >99% at 10 g/l dosage. It was observed that the Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo second order kinetics model were the best fit for the experimental data. The monolayer adsorption capacity of FFS for Pb(II) and Cu(II) was observed to be 96.15 mg/g and 100 mg/g respectively. Conclusion: The study revealed that the competitive biosorption of heavy metals can be achieved (at a good adsorption capacity) using functionalised Micropogonias undulates fish scales.

Enhanced biological phosphorus removal process implemented in membrane bioreactors to improve phosphorous recovery and recycling

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Lesjean ◽  
R. Gnirss ◽  
C. Adam ◽  
M. Kraume ◽  
F. Luck
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
P Limitation ◽  
Batch Tests ◽  
P Content ◽  
On Line ◽  
Biological Phosphorus ◽  
P Removal

The enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process was adapted to membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology. One bench-scale plant (BSP, 200-250 L) and two pilot plants (PPs, 1,000-3,000 L each) were operated under several configurations, including pre-denitrification and post-denitrification without addition of carbon source, and two solid retention times (SRT) of 15 and 26 d. The trials showed that efficient Bio-P removal can be achieved with MBR systems, in both pre- and post-denitrification configurations. EBPR dynamics could be clearly demonstrated through batch-tests, on-line measurements, profile analyses, P-spiking trials, and mass balances. High P-removal performances were achieved even with high SRT of 26 d, as around 9 mgP/L could be reliably removed. After stabilisation, the sludge exhibited phosphorus contents of around 2.4%TS. When spiked with phosphorus (no P-limitation), P-content could increase up to 6%TS. The sludge is therefore well suited to agricultural reuse with important fertilising values. Theoretical calculations showed that increased sludge age should result in a greater P-content. This could not be clearly demonstrated by the trials. This effect should be all the more significant as the influent is low in suspended solids.

scholarly journals Eggshell Powder as an Adsorbent for Removal of Fluoride from Aqueous Solution: Equilibrium, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1457-1480 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Bhaumik ◽  
N. K. Mondal ◽  
B. Das ◽  
P. Roy ◽  
K. C. Pal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Fluoride Removal ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Fluoride Adsorption ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Kinetic And Thermodynamic Studies ◽  
Maximum Removal

A new medium, eggshell powder has been developed for fluoride removal from aqueous solution. Fluoride adsorption was studied in a batch system where adsorption was found to be pH dependent with maximum removal efficiency at 6.0. The experimental data was more satisfactorily fitted with Langmuir isotherm model. The kinetics and the factor controlling adsorption process fully accepted by pseudo-second-order model were also discussed. Eawas found to be 45.98 kJmol-1by using Arrhenius equation, indicating chemisorption nature of fluoride onto eggshell powder. Thermodynamic study showed spontaneous nature and feasibility of the adsorption process with negative enthalpy (∆H0) value also supported the exothermic nature. Batch experiments were performed to study the applicability of the adsorbent by using fluoride contaminated water collected from affected areas. These results indicate that eggshell powder can be used as an effective, low-cost adsorbent to remove fluoride from aqueous solution as well as groundwater.

Application of Epoxy Resin for Improvement of the Banana Stem-Acoustic Panel

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Azril Riduan ◽  
Mohd Jumain Jalil ◽  
Intan Suhada Azmi ◽  
Afifudin Habulat ◽  
Danial Nuruddin Azlan Raofuddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Kinetic Modelling ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Performic Acid ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Renewable Materials ◽  
Runge Kutta Method ◽  
To Come

Background: Greener epoxidation by using vegetable oil to create an eco-friendly epoxide is being studied because it is a more cost-effective and environmentally friendly commodity that is safer than non-renewable materials. The aim of this research is to come up with low-cost solutions for banana trunk acoustic panels with kinetic modelling of epoxy-based palm oil. Method: In this study, the epoxidation of palm oleic acid was carried out by in situ performic acid to produce epoxidized palm oleic acid. Results: Banana trunk acoustic panel was successfully innovated based on the performance when the epoxy was applied. Lastly, a mathematical model was developed by using the numerical integration of the 4th order Runge-Kutta method, and the results showed that there is a good agreement between the simulation and experimental data, which validates the kinetic model. Conclusion: Overall, the peracid mechanism was effective in producing a high yield of epoxy from palm oleic acid that is useful for the improvement of acoustic panels based on the banana trunk.

A Parametric Model for Biological Excess Phosphorus Removal

1983 ◽  
Vol 15 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 127-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
I P Siebritz ◽  
G A Ekama ◽  
G v R Marais
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Parametric Model ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Anaerobic Reactor ◽  
New Process ◽  
Fractional Mass ◽  
Activated Sludge Processes ◽  
P Removal

Biological excess phosphorus removal in nitrification-denitrification single sludge activated sludge processes is shown to be stimulated by having a concentration of rapidly biodegradable COD (Sbsa) ≧25 mg/ℓ in the anaerobic reactor; the magnitude of the P removal is determined by a P removal propensity factor (Pf) defined by the product of (Sbsa−25) and the fractional mass of sludge in the anaerobic reactor. Sbsa is rapidly depleted by nitrate entering the anaerobic reactor; in the Phoredox process treating municipal waste flows if the TKN/COD ratio of the influent is greater than about 0,08 mgN/mgCOD the process, if designed to ensure efficient nitrification, is unlikely to remove all the nitrate and nitrate is recycled to the anaerobic reactor whereupon P removal declines. A new process is proposed that protects the anaerobic reactor from the nitrate in the effluent; tests indicate that this process can give excess P removal for TKN/COD ratios up to 0,14 mgN/mgCOD.

scholarly journals Organic residue, limestone, gypsum, and phosphorus adsorption by lowland soils

2002 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Teixeira Andrade ◽  
Luiz Arnaldo Fernandes ◽  
Valdemar Faquin
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Phosphate Adsorption ◽  
Organic Residue ◽  
Organic Residues ◽  
Phosphorus Adsorption ◽  
P Adsorption ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Exchangeable Al ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Gypsum Application

Organic residue application is a low cost alternative to reduce the use of inorganic fertilizers and correctives. In order to study the effect of organic residues, limestone and gypsum application on phosphorus adsorption by lowland soils, four experiments were carried out. A Mesic Organosol (OY), a Melanic Gleysol (MG), a Haplic Gleysol (GX), and a Fluvic Neosol (RU) were used in a completely randomized design and factorial scheme (3 x 2), with five replicates: three soil amendment practices (limestone, gypsum and no corrective) and two levels of organic residue (with and without corral manure). Soil samples were incubated for 60 days, with and without organic residue incorporation. After this period, we applied the corrective and incubated the soil for 30 days, then P and basic fertilization (macro and micronutrients) were applied and the soil was incubated for additional 60 days. Equilibrium phosphorus, maximum phosphate adsorption capacity, pH, exchangeable Al and phosphorus-buffering index were measured. Organic residue and limestone application increased soil pH and reduced exchangeable Al, decreasing P adsorption. Gypsum application did not increase the pH but reduced exchangeable Al and P adsorption.

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