scholarly journals Effect of olive core and olive core ash on the growth of Helianthus annuus and soil quality

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-172
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
Nutrient Element ◽  
Dry Biomass

<p>Field experiments were carried out using <em>Helianthus annuus</em> in an attempt to improve the quality of soil conditions by application of industrial waste. A range of quantities of olive core, olive core ash and a mixture of the two kinds of waste were applied. In all experimental fields the plants reached their maximum height on the 80<sup>th</sup> day of their growth. The application of olive core increased the plant height and decreased the soil pH, suggesting an increase in the nutrient element bioavailability. There was also evidence that olive core increased the soil microbe biomass. Furthermore, olive core woodash gave the dry biomass of <em>Helianthus annuus </em>a boost.</p>

Kochia (Kochia scoparia) Interference in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus)

1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beverly R. Durgan ◽  
Alan G. Dexter ◽  
Stephen D. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Kochia Scoparia

Field experiments were conducted in 1983 and 1984 at two locations to determine the influence of various densities and durations of kochia interference in sunflower. Sunflower achene yield and dry weight were reduced by all densities of kochia, averaged over locations and years. Season-long competition by kochia densities of 0.3, 1, 3, and 6 plants/m of row decreased sunflower achene yield 7, 10, 20, and 27%, respectively. Sunflower achene yield and sunflower dry weight decreased as weeks of kochia competition increased. Only 2 weeks of kochia competition after sunflower emergence decreased sunflower achene yield 6%. Sunflower achene yield loss increased as the duration of kochia competition increased. Sunflower 200 achene weight, oil content, and plant height were not influenced by various densities or durations of kochia competition.

Effects of Dolomitic Limestone, Gypsum, and Potassium on Yield and Seed Quality of Peanuts1

1974 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Sullivan ◽  
G. L. Jones ◽  
R. P. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Dolomitic Limestone ◽  
Seed Calcium ◽  
Kernel Content

Abstract The interactive effects of dolomitic limestone, gypsum, and potassium on yield and seed quality of a Virginia-type peanut was investigated. Responses were assessed in field experiments using a split-plot design with varying rates and combinations of dolomitic limestone and gypsum as the main plots. Two rates of potassium applied at planting were used as the split plots. Treatment effects were measured by changes in soil mineral composition, mineral content of the plant and fruit, yield, seed maturity, and seed quality. Applications of dolomitic limestone increased soil pH and soil calcium levels, but did not improve seed quality or increase yields or kernel content of the fruits. Applications of gypsum improved seed germination, seedling survival, seedling vigor, and root growth. Dark plumule abnormality was reduced by addition of gypsum. Soil pH was reduced and chemical composition of peanut leaves, hulls, and seed was influenced more by gypsum than by either dolomitic limestone or potassium. Potassium was less detrimental to fruit yield and seed quality when applied in combination with gypsum. Two seedling abnormalities, watery hypocotyl and physiological root breakdown, were associated with low levels of seed calcium.

Trinexapac-ethyl as an Alternative to Reduce Lodging and Preserve Grain Yield and Quality of Rye

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Magaiver Gindri Pinheiro ◽  
Clovis Arruda Souza ◽  
Elijanara Raissa Silva ◽  
João Francisco Costa Carneiro Junior ◽  
Alex Fernando Basilio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Best Response

Trinexapac-ethyl (henceforth referred to as trinexapac) is a growth regulator that can mitigate some undesirable vegetative growth in Poaceae plants, reducing lodging and optimizing the distribution of photoassimilates to reproductive organs. The objective of this research was to evaluate the morphophysiological and productive responses of rye cultivars and trinexapac doses applied at different phenological stages of plants. Two field experiments were performed in two different seasons. In the 2015 growing season, 8 doses of trinexapac were evaluated: 0, 75, 85, 100, 115, 130, 150, 200 g ha-1 of active ingredient (a.i.), applied at the plant growth stage with the 4th node visible on the main stem (GS34). In the 2018 growing season, two cultivars (IPR 89 and BRS Serrano) and five doses of trinexapac were evaluated: 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 g a.i. ha-1, applied at the plant growth stage with the 6th node visible on the main stem (GS36). The morphophysiological, productive and qualitative characteristics of grains were evaluated. In the 2015 season, trinexapac applied to shoot plants at GS34 only have low response in decreased plant lodging from around 20% to 10%. However, in the 2018 season, the application of trinexapac on plants at GS36, resulted in lower plant height, associated with reduced lodging and better quality of rye grains. Cultivar IPR 89 showed higher values for yield components and grain quality in comparison to cultivar BRS Serrano. Reduced lodging is dependent on speed of resumption of plant height growth, and the magnitude of response to trinexapac is also stage-cultivar-dose-dependent; in rye, the best response to trinexapac was found at GS 36 in comparison to GS 34, and for IPR 89 in comparison to BRS Serrano cultivar, respectively, with a dose range from 100 to 150 g ai ha-1. In conclusion, trinexapac (around 150 g a.i. ha-1), when applied to plants at GS36, reduces plant height, reduces the lodging index and enables the harvest of high-quality grains.

scholarly journals Peningkatan Hasil Bawang Merah dan Perubahan Sifat Kimia Tanah dengan Pemupukan Berimbang Semi Organik pada Tanah Inceptisol

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
A.A. NYOMAN SUPADMA ◽  
I MADE DANA ◽  
I DEWA MADE ARTHAGAMA
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Onion Plant ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves

 Increased Yields Onion Plant and Changes of Soil Chemical Properties with Semiorganic Fertilization on Inceptisol Soil Tabanan. Thisexperiment to study the effects of inorganic fertilizer (P) and organic fertilizer (K) on the chemical properties as well as onion yields. A Factorial Randomized Block Design pot Experiment was conducted under Inceptisol soil conditions located at Kerambitan District, Tabanan Regency. The inorganic treatments consisted of P0 (control), P1 (50kg Phonska ha-1 + 200 kg ZA ha-1), P2 (100 kg Phonska ha-1 + 150 kg ZA ha-1), P3 (150 kg Phonska ha-1 + 100 kg.ZA ha-1). The organic treatments consisted of K0 (control), K1 (2 tons ha-1), K2 (4 tons ha-1), K3 (6 tons ha-1). Plant parameters observed including: plant height (cm), maximum number of leaves, maximum number of tubers, fresh and oven dry weight of tubers and hypothetical tubers fresh yields. The observed chemical soil properties including: soil pH and CEC.  All data were analyzed using variance analysis and Duncan's test (0.05). The results showed that all fertilization treatments have significant effects on most parameters observed except plant height, soil pH and CEC. The P2K2 (100 kg Phonska ha-1 + 150 kg ZA ha-1) and (4 tons ha-1) treatment resulted in the best effects on the number tubers (7.7 tubers), weight of fresh tubers (37.9 g), tubers dry weight (6.5 g) per pot respectively. The highest hypothetical yields (9.5 tons ha-1) were also found under this treatment as well as the highest soil pH (6.6) and CEC (46.8 me 100g-1 of soil).

scholarly journals Inoculation with Azospirillum, associated with nitrogen fertilization in maize

Revista CERES ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria do Carmo Lana ◽  
Janaína Dartora ◽  
Deniele Marini ◽  
João Elias Hann
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
N Content ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Total Plant ◽  
Leaf N Content ◽  
Biological Nitrogen ◽  
Leaf N

The biological nitrogen fixation is an alternative to supply the nitrogen needed for maize. The objective of this study was to evaluate the development and yield of maize in response to inoculation with Azospirillum associated with nitrogen fertilization. We conducted two field experiments in the summer harvest, the first in the 2000/2001 crop year in the region of Marechal Cândido Rondon, under conventional tillage, and second in the 2002/2003 agricultural year in the region of Cascavel, under no tillage. The experimental design in both experiments was a randomized complete block, with four replications, 2x2x2 factorial, with two levels of nitrogen at sowing (zero and 20 kg ha-1), two levels of inoculum (zero and 200 g ha-1) and two levels of nitrogen in topdressing (zero and 100 kg ha-1). There was evaluated the height of ear insertion, total plant height, leaf N content, shoot dry biomass and grain yield. The height of ear insertion and total plant height were not influenced by the factors under study. Nitrogen fertilization at sowing increased the leaf N content, causing the opposite effect when combined with inoculation. Inoculation with Azospirillum in the absence of nitrogen, provide productivity increases of 15.4% and 7.4% for 2000/2001 and 2002/2003 crops, respectively. The inoculation provided productivity similar to that obtained with 100 kg ha-1 in topdressing in crop 2000/2001, while in association with the topdressing, reduced productivity and shoot dry biomass in crop 2002/2003.

Effects of Soil Amendments on Coastal Saline-Alkali Soil Improvement and the Growth of Plants

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 152-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhan Bin Huang ◽  
Zai Jin Sun ◽  
Zhao Hua Lu
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Amendments ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Alkali Soil

Soil salinization is one of the major land degradation types and has greatly influenced sustainable agricultural development. Interest is growing in the use of soil amendments to reclaim saline and sodic soils. According to the practical soil conditions in the Yellow River Delta and the special characteristics of the coastal saline soil, in order to find the effects of combined applications of desulfurization gypsum, humic acid and polyacrylamide on saline-alkali soil, pot experiment was conducted to analyze the chemical properties and plant yields. L8(27) design was selected to engage in orthogonal experiment with first class interaction of three factors at two levels. The results demonstrated that applying soil amendments significantly increase the total salt content, decreased the soil pH and SAR. The effect on treatment 8(30g/kg desulfurization gypsum , 2g/ kg of humic acid , 0.025g/kg PAM) was the most significant, cotton soil pH and SAR decreased to 7.63 and 7.22, corn soil pH and SAR decreased to 7.57 and 7.34. The effects of soil amendments on crop growth showed that the treatment 7, combination of soil amendments (30g/kg desulfurization gypsum ,2g/ kg of humic acid , 0.01g/kg PAM) could promote the growth of cotton most significantly. Compared with the control, plant height, leaf area fresh weight and dry weight increased 33.4%,41.7%,82.2% and 237.8% respectively. The combination 8 of soil amendments (30g/kg FGD gypsum, 2g/ kg of humic acid ,0.025g/kg PAM) could promote the growth of corn most significantly. Compared with the control, plant height, leaf area fresh weight and dry weight increased 20.7%, 35.9%, 49.9%和47.9% respectively. There was no significant interaction between the three soil amendments.

EFFECT OF PLANT DENSITY AND SEEDING DATE ON EARLY- AND LATE-MATURING SUNFLOWER HYBRIDS

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 1251-1254 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. GUBBELS ◽  
W. DEDIO
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
Plant Densities

Field experiments were conducted in 1983, 1984 and 1986 to determine the response of Sun M 20 (early) and 894 (late) sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids to three plant densities (30 000, 45 000 and 60 000 plants ha−1) at two seeding dates (18–24 May and 13–16 June). With increase in plant density, achene yields followed the same trends in each seeding date for both hybrids. Yields were similar at the 30 000 and 45 000 plant densities, but lower at the 60 000 density. Plant height and oil content of achenes increased while achene weight decreased with increase in plant density. Plant height was greater but achene weight, oil content and achene yield were lower in the late than the early seeding.Key words: Sunflower, Helianthus annuus L., plant density, seeding date

Seed Yield and Quality of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) as Influenced by Staggered Sowing and Organic Fertilizer Application in the Humid Tropics

Helia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (61) ◽  
Author(s):  
F.O. Oshundiya ◽  
V.I.O. Olowe ◽  
F.A. Sowemimo ◽  
J.N. Odedina
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Humid Tropics ◽  
Teaching And Research ◽  
Yield And Quality

AbstractTwo field experiments were conducted on the Teaching and Research Farm of the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta (7° 15′ N, 3° 25′ E, altitude 140 m above sea level) in south western Nigeria between June and November,

scholarly journals Response of Soil Chemical Properties, Performance and Quality of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea Batatas L.) to Different Levels of K Fertilizer on a Tropical Alfisol

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-66
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Aboyeji ◽  
Aruna O. Adekiya ◽  
Oluwagbenga Dunsin ◽  
Ojo T. V. Adebiyi ◽  
Charity O. Aremu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
K Fertilizer

Background:The optimum rate of nutrient must be defined with reference to soil properties for individual crops and soil.Objective:Field experiments were carried out in 2015 and 2016 cropping seasons to determine the various levels (0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 kg ha-1) of potassium fertilizer (muriate of potash , KCl), on soil chemical properties, leaf nutrient contents, performance and proximate quality of sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatasL.).Method:The five treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replicates.Results:Studies showed that K fertilizer in both the years significantly influenced N, P and K concentrations compared with the control and also increased the soil concentrations of these nutrients from 0 - 160 kg ha-1K fertilizer. However, soil K only increased up to 80 kg ha-1fertilizer after which there was a decrease. There was a reduction in the values of Ca and Mg in the soil as the levels of K increased. Leaf nutrient concentration of the sweet potato was consistent with the values of soil chemical properties recorded. 80 kg ha-1K fertilizer was observed to be the highest value of sweet potato growth and tuber yield after which there was a reduction. The yield decrease was adduced to excessive K application leading to imbalanced sweet potato plant nutrition compared with N, P, Ca and Mg. K fertilizer significantly influenced moisture, vitamin C and carbohydrate compared with the control. The highest values of fibre and protein were obtained at 80 and 40 kg ha-1K fertilizer, respectively. Dry matter and fat contents of the sweet potato reduced by K application from 0 - 160 kg ha-1application rate.Conclusion:For best tuber yield, quality and economic response of K fertilizer to the sweet potato in the agro-ecological zone or in other similar soil conditions elsewhere in the tropics could be achieved by applying 80 kg ha-1K fertilizer.

EFFECT OF PLANT DENSITY AND SOIL FERTILITY ON OILSEED SUNFLOWER GENOTYPES

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 521-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. GUBBELS ◽  
W. DEDIO
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
Growth Habits ◽  
Delayed Flowering

Field experiments were conducted in the 1979 to 1982 seasons to determine the response of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) genotypes with different growth habits to different plant densities at two levels of soil fertility in the Morden, Manitoba area. Treatments included hybrids and an open-pollinated cultivar, no fertilizer and 250 kg ha−1 of 27-14-0 and plant densities of 30 000, 45 000, 60 000 and 75 000 plants ha−1. Hybrids and open-pollinated cultivar responded similarly to the fertility and plant density levels. An increase in plant density did not affect yield, but slightly delayed flowering time, increased plant height, test weight and oil concentration and decreased achene weight. A plant density of about 45 000 plants ha−1 was required to ensure optimum yield.Key words: Sunflower, Helianthus annuus L., plant density, soil fertility

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document