scholarly journals Effects of soil pH, Total Organic Carbon and texture on fate of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soils

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-187 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Catalytic Degradation ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Animal Diversity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a group of quotidian organic compounds having between two and six condensed aromatic rings braced in angular, cluster or linear forms possessing hydrogen and carbon atoms only. This work aims to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics of soil as determinants of PAHs distribution and fate. The study area is situated on the Benin River beneath the convergence of Jamieson River and River Ethiope. The weather and climatic conditions of the area are of the Niger Delta region. Sixteen priority PAHs were determined in ten sample stations. Upon extraction, purification and quantification of PAHs was done using GC-FID. According to the methods of Walkey-Blacks, Black and Bouyoucus, soil total organic carbon, pH and texture were analyzed respectively. Four replicate samples were chosen to create a composite and used as quality control. Kruskal-Wallis test with tied rank was used to determine a causative correlation between soil physicochemical parameters and ∑PAHs. Results showed that the study area is contaminated with high concentration of PAHs ranging from 60.76 – 271.11 239 µg.g-1 with higher percentages of HPAHs i.e. PAHs with LogKow > 4.0. It is observed that observed alkaline pH favour significant fungal, asperigellus and microbial degradation of PAHs, and hinder photo-catalytic degradation. However, acidification with elemental sulfur, ferrous sulfate and aluminum sulfate could enhance photo-catalytic degradation. Results of TOC and soil structure do not favour significant degradation of HPAHs. Kruskal-Wallis tied rank test revealed that there was a positive significant difference between pH, TOC, percentage clay, and silt fractions with ∑PAHs concentrations since calculated K is greater than critical K0.05, P<0.05 except percentage of sand fractions and ∑PAHs with P>0.05. A substantial percentage of these PAHs have no anthropic origin and are characterized as having high lipo-affinity, semi-volatility and resistance to biotic and/or abiotic transformations. Due to edaphic factors the observed HPAHs may partially degrade with the consequent formation of highly toxic by-products. Therefore, oral or dermal ingestion of soil in the study area may cause significant exposure of the human population to these PAHs. Risk assessment and probable toxicity effects on animal diversity should be carried out in soil samples of the study area.

scholarly journals Monitoring of the groundwater environment within a landfill site

2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Hanna Złotoszewska-Niedziałek
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Landfill Site ◽  
Groundwater Environment ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Surrounding Soil

Monitoring of the groundwater environment within a landfill site The paper presents the hydrogeological conditions and results of monitoring carried out within the "Otwock-Świerk" municipal landfill site. The object is located within the Garwolin Plain - a denuded moraine plateau composed of deposits representing Middle-Polish Glaciations. Wastes are isolated from the surrounding soil-water environment by a 1-ply complex mineral-synthetic diaphragm. The periodical increase of chlorides, total organic carbon (TOC), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and nitrites indicate the presence of pollutants of anthropogenic origin.

scholarly journals Occurrence and Distribution of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water and Sediment Collected along the Harbour Line, Mumbai, India

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Dhananjayan ◽  
S. Muralidharan ◽  
Vinny R. Peter
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Marine Organisms ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Water And Sediment Samples

This study investigated the occurrence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water and sediment samples collected along the harbour line, Mumbai, India. The ∑PAHs quantified in water and sediment samples were ranged from 8.66 ng/L to 46.74 ng/L and from 2608 ng/g to 134134 ng/g dry wt., respectively. Significantly high concentration of ∑PAHs was found in water samples of Sewri and sediment samples of Mahul (P<0.05). PAH concentrations detected in the present study were several folds higher than the existing sediment quality criteria suggested by various statutory agencies. The PAH composition patterns in water and sediments suggest the dominance of high molecular weight compounds and indicate important pyrolytic and petrogenic sources. The occurrence of PAHs in the marine environment has attracted the attention of the scientific community as these compounds are frequently detected in seawater and sediments at increasing levels and can have adverse health effects on marine organisms and humans. PAH concentrations detected at Sewri-Mahul site were sufficiently high to pose a risk to marine organisms if they are exposed continuously to this concentration. Hence, continuous monitoring of the ecosystem is highly warranted.

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Fresh and Cold-Smoked Atlantic Salmon Fillets

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 1134-1138 ◽  
Author(s):  
PIERINA VISCIANO ◽  
MONIA PERUGINI ◽  
MICHELE AMORENA ◽  
ADRIANA IANIERI
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Irish Sea ◽  
Identification Number ◽  
Smoked Fish ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
The Irish Sea

The occurrence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in smoked fish as a consequence of cold smoking was studied. Raw fillets of Salmo salar from Norway or the Irish Sea were sampled in a modern smokehouse and examined for PAH content. The same fillets, labeled with an identification number, were sampled immediately after the smoking process and analyzed. Among the investigated compounds, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, benz[a]anthracene, chrysene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene, and benzo[ghi]perylene were detected in both raw and smoked fillets. No significant difference (P &lt; 0.01) was observed between raw and smoked samples in the concentrations of six PAHs, but significant differences were found for fluorene, anthracene, fluoranthene, benz[a]anthracene, and benzo[ghi]perylene. Results confirm that PAHs concentrations in smoked fish are the product of both sea pollution and the smoking process. A modern smoking plant with an external smoke generator and a mild treatment as described here will not add significantly to the concentration of PAHs, except for some compounds.

Effects of meteorology on diurnal and nocturnal levels of priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and elemental and organic carbon in PM10 at a source and a receptor area in Mexico City

2009 ◽  
Vol 43 (17) ◽  
pp. 2693-2699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Guzmán-Torres ◽  
Arantza Eiguren-Fernández ◽  
Pablo Cicero-Fernández ◽  
Marisela Maubert-Franco ◽  
Armando Retama-Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic
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