Genotoxic evaluation of newly synthesized organometallic compounds of tin
<p>The genotoxic effects of organometallic tin(II) and tin(IV) complexes namely L<sub>OEt</sub>SnCl (<strong>5</strong>), L*<sub>OEt</sub>SnCl (<strong>6</strong>), L<sub>OEt</sub>SnPh<sub>3</sub> (<strong>7</strong>), L*<sub>OEt</sub>SnPh<sub>3</sub> (<strong>8</strong>), incorporating the oxygen tripodal ligands [(<em>η</em><sup>5</sup>-C<sub>5</sub>R<sub>5</sub>)Co{P(OEt)<sub>2</sub>O}<sub>3</sub>]<sup>-</sup>, {R = H, (L<sub>OEt</sub><sup>-</sup>) (<strong>3</strong>); R = Me (L*<sub>OEt</sub><sup>-</sup>) (<strong>4</strong>)} (Klaui type ligands), were investigated using the Cytokinesis Block Micronucleus assay in human lymphocytes cultures. For comparison the precursors NaL<sub>OEt</sub> (<strong>3</strong>), NaL*<sub>OEt</sub> (<strong>4</strong>), SnCl<sub>2</sub>•2H<sub>2</sub>O (<strong>1</strong>) and Ph<sub>3</sub>SnCl (<strong>2</strong>), were also studied.</p> <p>Statistically significant differences in comparison with the control in the micronuclei frequencies were seen at the concentrations: 75 μM for complex (<strong>5</strong>), 50 μM for complex (<strong>6</strong>), 20, 50, 75 μM for complex (<strong>8</strong>). No statistically significant differences were observed between controls and all the rest tested concentrations for all chemicals examined.</p> <div> <p>The cytotoxic effect was evaluated by the Cytokinesis Block Proliferation Index. Regarding this index, the precursor (<strong>1</strong>) is not cytotoxic at all tested concentrations. Complexes (<strong>3</strong>), (<strong>4</strong>) and (<strong>5</strong>) induced cytotoxicity at the concentrations of 20, 50 and 75 μM, while complexes (<strong>6</strong>) and (<strong>8</strong>) were cytotoxic at all tested concentrations. Complex (<strong>7</strong>) was cytotoxic at 5, 10 and 20 μM but extremely toxic at 50 and 75 μM. Finally complex (<strong>2</strong>) was extremely toxic at all tested concentrations except at 1 μM. </p> </div> <p> </p>