scholarly journals Effect of soil scarification on natural regeneration of mature scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) stands in Greece

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 732-742 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Ground Vegetation ◽  
Soil Scarification ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Scots Pine Forest ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Scots Pine Stands

<div> <p>The natural regeneration of Scots pine stands at the Sarakatsana location in the Pieria Mountains improved considerably after the removal of the dense ground vegetation followed mechanical soil scarification. The experimental design consisted of replications on scarified and non-scarified soil. The results four years after the experiment was set up showed that regeneration reached 59 seedlings m-2 in scarified and 7 seedlings m-2 in non-scarified soil. Soil scarification seems to have had a positive effect on the emergence and survival of naturally regenerated Scots pine. The negligible number of dead seedlings in the first two measurements could be due to the favourable site and/or good climatic conditions. Although the mother stand appears to be in a critical condition due to age and increased necrosis as a result of fungal attacks, there is still considerable potential for regeneration in terms of fructification and seed production. The study findings indicate that there can be new growth of Scots pine forest with the shelterwood method of natural regeneration in combination with soil scarification.</p> </div> <p>&nbsp;</p>

Typology of the natural regeneration in a middle-aged Scots pine forest

1988 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. De Schepper
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Free Field ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
Pedunculate Oak ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Scots Pine Forest ◽  
Forest Practice ◽  
Scots Pine Stands

The  study describes the natural regeneration state of a forest on coarse sandy  soils. The natural regeneration was studied in three different ecological  conditions: in 30 to 60 year old Scots pine stands, in a 62 year old mixed  stand of pedunculate oak and red oak, and on the free field.     The analysis of the regeneration groups revealed that the first settler  maintained a dominant social position during the following years after the  settlement. The structural basis is consequently laid out early. This means  that the forest practice has to consider the very first phase of the  regeneration as determining for the following evolution of the regeneration  groups.

scholarly journals Effects of intensified silviculture on timber production and its economic profitability in boreal Norway spruce and Scots pine stands under changing climatic conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 648-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Routa ◽  
A Kilpeläinen ◽  
V -P Ikonen ◽  
A Asikainen ◽  
A Venäläinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Timber Production ◽  
Management Regime ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Scots Pine Stands

Abstract The aim of this study was to examine how intensified silviculture affects timber production (sawlogs and pulpwood) and its economic profitability (net present value [NPV], with 2 per cent interest rate) based on forest ecosystem model simulations. The study was conducted on Norway spruce and Scots pine stands located on medium-fertile upland forest sites under middle boreal conditions in Finland, under current climate and minor climate change (the RCP2.6 forcing scenario). In intensified silviculture, improved regeneration materials were used, with 10–20 per cent higher growth than the unimproved materials, and/or nitrogen (N) fertilization of 150 kg ha−1, once or twice during a rotation of 50–70 years. Compared to the baseline management regime, the use of improved seedlings, alone or together with N fertilization, increased timber production by up to 26–28 per cent and the NPV by up to 32–60 per cent over rotation lengths of 60–70 years, regardless of tree species (although more in spruce) or climate applied. The use of improved seedlings affected timber yield and NPV more than N fertilization. Minor climate change also increased these outcomes in Scots pine, but not in Norway spruce.

Evolution of biodiversity in homogeneous Scots pine stands by an ecologically diversified management

1995 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Lust ◽  
B. Muys
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Stand Structure ◽  
Rotation Period ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Mixed Stands ◽  
Noticeable Increase ◽  
Hardwood Species ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Scots Pine Stands

This  study evaluates three important parameters of biodiversity in first  generation Scots pine forests on sandy soils: herbal layer, natural  regeneration and stand structure. The research was undertaken in the Belgian  Campine Region, where the original oak-birch forest had been destroyed in the  course of time and finally been replaced by monocultures of Scots pine. These  pine forests are characterised by a low biodiversity. In maturing stands of  this type, however, a spontaneous increase of biodiversity is noticed.     Herbal species diversity is very limited in all age classes. Spontaneous  establishment of Scots pine seedlings is presently a widespread phenomenon in  aging stands. Different regeneration patterns are found. Mainly due to the  lengthening of the rotation in combination with the ingrowth of several  hardwood species, the homogeneous Scots pine stands are gradually and  spontaneously transformed into heterogeneous mixed stands, featuring a  noticeable increase of biodiversity.     Nevertheless, selected human interventions may further increase  biodiversity. The fundamental management principles are discussed: avoidance  of big disturbances, lengthening of the rotation period, use of native tree  species, utilization of natural regeneration, protection of small valuable  biotopes and permanent monitoring.

Artificial Drought in Scots Pine Stands: Effects on Soil, Ground Vegetation and Tree Condition

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Remigijus Ozolinčius ◽  
Vidas Stakėnas ◽  
Iveta Varnagirytė-Kabašinskienė ◽  
Rasa Buožytė
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Ground Vegetation ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Scots Pine Stands ◽  
Tree Condition

scholarly journals The Recovery of Damaged Pine Forests in an Area Formerly Polluted by Nitrogen

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 384-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kestutis Armolaitis ◽  
Vidas Stakenas
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Pollution ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Ground Vegetation ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Scots Pine Stands

An area in Lithuania containing coniferous stands of Scots pine and Norway spruce that were dead or damaged due to nitrogen pollution by a nitrogen fertilizer plant (JV Achema) was found to have expanded between 1974 and 1989 to a distance of 20 to 25 km northeast of the plant in the direction of prevailing winds. Over the last 10 years, when nitrogen pollution by the plant had decreased, a clear process of recovery of the damaged ecosystems could be observed. The following features of this process as it occurred in damaged Scots pine stands are discussed: (1) refoliation (or decreased defoliation) of damaged trees, where a clear positive trend could be observed; (2) changes in the species composition and in the covering by ground vegetation, where small changes and indication of less-nitrophilous species coverage could be detected; and (3) chemical and acidity changes in Luvisols and Arenosols, where a significant decrease could be seen especially concerning nitrate concentrations.

scholarly journals The Impact of Air Pollution on the Growth of Scots Pine Stands in Poland on the Basis of Dendrochronological Analyses

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1421
Author(s):  
Longina Chojnacka-Ożga ◽  
Wojciech Ożga
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Pollutant Emission ◽  
Reference Plot ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Scots Pine Stands

The aim of this study was to evaluate Scots pine stand degradation caused by the pollutants emitted from Zakłądy Azotowe Puławy, one of the biggest polluters of the environment in Poland for over 25 years (1966–1990). To assess the pollution stress in trees, we chose the dendrochronological analysis We outlined three directions for our research: (i) the spatio-temporal distribution of the growth response of trees to the stress associated with air pollution; (ii) the direct and indirect effects of air pollution which may have influenced the growth response of trees; and (iii) the role of local factors, both environmental and technological, in shaping the growth response of trees. Eight Scots pine stands were selected for study, seven plots located in different damage zones and a reference plot in an undamaged stand. We found that pollutant emission caused disturbances of incremental dynamics and long-term strong reduction of growth. A significant decrease in growth was observed for the majority of investigated trees (75%) from 1966 (start of factory) to the end of the 1990s. The zone of destruction extended primarily in easterly and southern directions, from the pollution source, associated with the prevailing winds of the region. At the end of the 1990s, the decreasing trend stopped and the wider tree-rings could be observed. This situation was related to a radical reduction in ammonia emissions and an improvement in environmental conditions. However, the growth of damaged trees due to the weakened health condition is lower than the growth of Scots pine on the reference plot and trees are more sensitive to stressful climatic conditions, especially to drought.

scholarly journals Natural regeneration in the ‘Czmoń’ nature reserve (Wielkopolska Region)

2014 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-75
Author(s):  
Paweł Horodecki ◽  
Katarzyna Wiczyńska ◽  
Andrzej M. Jagodziński
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Species Structure ◽  
Canopy Layer ◽  
Artificial Regeneration ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Scots Pine Stands

Abstract The ‘Czmoń’ nature reserve (23.65 ha) was established in 1998 to protect one of the best-retained areas of natural oak-hornbeam forest (Galio-Carpinetum) in the center of the Wielkopolska Region. Apart from oak-hornbeam forest, the ash-elm riparian forest (Querco-Ulmetum) and alder riparian forest (Fraxino-Alnetum) are found in the reserve. These plant communities, both natural and degenerated as a consequence of previous forest management, have created the convenient conditions for assessment the phytocoenoses’ regeneration potential. The aim of this study was to assess the age and species structure of woody species natural regeneration of the whole area of the nature reserve. To achieve that target, during August and September 2012, 142 sample plots were established with the total area 3550 m2 on which tree and shrub composition and densities were calculated. Woody species regeneration created various diverse communities among individual sub-units, however oak-hornbeam forest species were predominant in the whole regeneration layer. The character of a ‘natural’ forest was retained on a part of the stands. Moreover, regeneration in degenerated parts of the ‘Czmoń’ nature reserve stands is changing according to potential vegetation. Whereas, the establishment of gaps in the Scots pine stands using artificial regeneration was not worthwhile. The natural regeneration structure under the canopy layer of Scots pine stands unambiguously supports the claim that phytocoenoses can regenerate on their own. In spite of the oak regeneration being infrequent, all stands within the ‘Czmoń’ nature reserve retain substantial rejuvenation potential

Natural regeneration after gap cutting in Scots pine stands in northern Finland

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-125
Author(s):  
Ville Hallikainen ◽  
Hannu Hökkä ◽  
Mikko Hyppönen ◽  
Pasi Rautio ◽  
Sauli Valkonen
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Gap Cutting ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Scots Pine Stands
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