scholarly journals Multi-criteria reservoir water management

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 386-394
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Trophic State ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Dead Zone ◽  
Power Production ◽  
Minimum Level ◽  
Water Release ◽  
Reservoir Water

The Plastiras dam was constructed in the late 1950s mainly for electric power production, but it has also partially covered irrigation needs and water supply of the plain of Thessaly. Later, the site has been designated as an environment conservation zone because of ecological and landscape values, while tourist activities have been developed around the reservoir. Irrigation of agricultural land, hydroelectric production, drinking water supply, tourism, ecosystem water quality and scenery conservation have evidently been conflicting targets for many years. Good management would require a multi-criteria decision making. Historical data show that the irregular water release has resulted in a great annual fluctuation of the reservoir water level. This situation could be improved by a rational management of abstractions. Apparently, higher release leads simultaneously to more power production and to irrigation of a larger agricultural land. Moreover, demands for electricity and for irrigation are partially competing to each other, due to different optimal time schedules of releases. On the other hand, higher water release leads to lower water level in the reservoir and, therefore, it decreases the beauty of the scenery and deteriorates the trophic state of the lake. Such degradation affects the tourist potential as well as the quality of drinking water supplied by the reservoir. A multi-criteria approach uses different scenarios for the minimum permissible water level of the reservoir, if a constant annual release is applied. The minimum level concept is a simple and functional tool, because it is understood by people, easily certified and incorporated into regulations. The quantity of water that would be yearly available is a function of the minimum level allowed. The water quality depends upon the trophic state of the lake, mainly the concentration of chlorophyll-a, which determines the state of eutrophication and is estimated by water quality simulation models, taking into account pollutant loads such as nitrogen and phosphorus. The value of the landscape is much depending on the water level of the lake, because for lower levels a dead-zone appears between the surface of the water and the surrounding vegetation. When this dead zone is large, it seems lifeless and the lake appears partially empty. Quantification of this visual effect is not easy, but it is possible to establish a correspondence between the aesthetic assessment of the scenery and the minimum allowed reservoir level. Using results from hydrological analysis, water quality models and landscape evaluation, it seems possible to construct a multi-criteria table with different criteria described against alternatives and with a plot of three relative indices against the minimum level allowed. However, decision making has to take into account the fact that comparison or merging of indices corresponding to different criteria analysis encompasses a degree of arbitrariness. More objective decisions would be possible if different benefits and costs were measured in a common unit. Moreover, management will be sensitive to different social pressures.

scholarly journals MODELLING OF HUMAN EXPERT DECISION MAKING IN RESERVOIR OPERATION

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (22) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Hussain Wan Ishak ◽  
Ku Ruhana Ku-Mahamud ◽  
Norita Md Norwawi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Sliding Window ◽  
Water Release ◽  
Reservoir Water ◽  
Reservoir Water Level ◽  
Human Expert ◽  
Rainfall Season ◽  
Window Technique

Reservoir is one of the structural approaches for flood mitigation and water supply.  During heavy raining season, reservoir operator has to determine fast and accurate decision in order to maintain both reservoir and downstream river water level.  In contrast to less rainfall season, the reservoir needs to impound water for the water supply purposes. This study is aimed to model human expert decision making specifically on reservoir water release decision. Reservoir water release decision is crucial as reservoir serve multi purposes.  The reservoir water release decision pattern that comprises of upstream rainfall and current reservoir water level has been form using sliding window technique.  The computational intelligence method called artificial neural network was used to model the decision making.  

scholarly journals Resolving conflicting objectives in the management of the Plastiras Lake: can we quantify beauty?

2005 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 507-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Christofides ◽  
A. Efstratiadis ◽  
D. Koutsoyiannis ◽  
G.-F. Sargentis ◽  
K. Hadjibiros
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Power Production ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Water Release ◽  
Natural Landscape ◽  
Conflicting Objectives ◽  
Surrounding Landscape ◽  
Water Uses

Abstract. The possible water management of the Plastiras Lake, an artificial reservoir in central Greece, is examined. The lake and surrounding landscape are aesthetically degraded when the water level drops, and the requirement of maintaining a high quality of the scenery constitutes one of the several conflicting water uses, the other ones being irrigation, water supply, and power production. This environmental water use, and, to a lesser extent, the requirement for adequate water quality, results in constraining the annual release. Thus, the allowed fluctuation of reservoir stage is not defined by the physical and technical characteristics of the reservoir, but by a multi-criteria decision, the three criteria being maximising water release, ensuring adequate water quality, and maintaining a high quality of the natural landscape. Each of these criteria is analyzed separately. The results are then put together in a multicriterion tableau, which helps understand the implications of the possible alternative decisions. Several conflict resolution methods are overviewed, namely willingness to pay, hedonic prices, and multi-criteria decision analysis. All these methods attempt to quantify non-quantifiable qualities, and it is concluded that they don't necessarily offer any advantage over merely making a choice based on understanding.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Arsenic Leached from Sediments: Agricultural Implications of Abandoned Mines

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (21) ◽  
pp. 4628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soonho Hwang ◽  
Younggu Her ◽  
Sang Min Jun ◽  
Jung-Hun Song ◽  
Goontaek Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Abandoned Mines ◽  
Reservoir Water ◽  
Sediment Types ◽  
Hydrochemical Composition ◽  
Arsenic Leaching

Heavy metals, including arsenic from abandoned mines, are easily transported with sediment and deposited in waterbodies such as reservoirs and lakes, creating critical water quality issues when they are released. Understanding the leaching of heavy metals is necessary for developing efficient water quality improvement plans. This study investigated how arsenic leaches from different soil and sediment types and responds to hydrologic conditions to identify areas susceptible to arsenic contamination. In this study, batch- and column-leaching tests and sequential extraction procedures were used to examine arsenic leaching processes in detail. The results showed that most arsenic-loaded sediments accumulated in the vicinity of a reservoir inlet, and arsenic in reservoir beds have a higher leaching potential than those from agricultural land and stream beds. Arsenic deposited at the bottom of reservoirs had higher mobility than that in the other soils and sediments, and arsenic leaching was closely associated with the acidity of water. In addition, arsenic leaching was found to be responsive to seasons (wet or dry) as its mobilization is controlled by organic compounds that vary over time. The results suggested that temporal variations in the hydrochemical composition of reservoir water should be considered when defining a management plan for reservoir water quality.

scholarly journals Water Level Decline in a Reservoir: Implications for Water Quality Variation and Pollution Source Identification

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2400
Author(s):  
Zixiong Wang ◽  
Tianxiang Wang ◽  
Xiaoli Liu ◽  
Suduan Hu ◽  
Lingxiao Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Pollution Source ◽  
Biological Action ◽  
Pollution Sources ◽  
Reservoir Water ◽  
Reservoir Water Level ◽  
Water Level Decline

Continuous water-level decline makes the changes of water quality in reservoirs more complicated. This paper uses trend analyses, wavelet analysis and principal component analysis-multiple linear regression to explore the changes and pollution sources affecting water quality during a period of continuous reservoir water level decline (from 65.37 m to 54.15 m), taking the Biliuhe reservoir as an example. The results showed that the change of water level of Biliuhe reservoir has a significant 13-year periodicity. The unusual water quality changes during the low water level period were as follows: total nitrogen continued to decrease. And iron was lower than its historical level. pH, total phosphorus, and ammonia nitrogen were higher than historical levels and fluctuated seasonally. Permanganate index increased as water level decreased after initial fluctuations. Dissolved oxygen was characterized by high content in winter and relatively low content in summer. The pollutant sources of non-point source pollution (PC1), sediment and groundwater pollution (PC2), atmospheric and production & domestic sewage (PC3), other sources of pollution (PC4) were identified. The main source of DO, pH, TP, TN, NH4-N, Fe and CODMn were respectively PC3 (42.13%), PC1 (47.67%), PC3 (47.62%), PC1 (29.75%), PC2 (47.01%), PC1 (56.97%) and PC2 (50%). It is concluded that the continuous decline of water level has a significant impact on the changes and pollution sources affecting water quality. Detailed experiments focusing on sediment pollution release flux, and biological action will be explored next.

scholarly journals Resolving conflicting objectives in the management of the Plastiras Lake: can we quantify beauty?

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 801-819
Author(s):  
A. Christofides ◽  
A. Efstratiades ◽  
G.-F. Sargentis ◽  
D. Koutsoyiannis ◽  
K. Hadjibiros
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Power Production ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Water Release ◽  
Natural Landscape ◽  
Conflicting Objectives ◽  
Surrounding Landscape ◽  
Water Uses

Abstract. The possible water management of the Plastiras Lake, an artificial reservoir in central Greece, is examined. The lake and surrounding landscape is aesthetically degraded when the water level drops, and the requirement of maintaining a high quality of the scenery constitutes one of the several conflicting water uses, the other ones being irrigation, water supply, and power production. This environmental water use, and, to a lesser extent, the requirement for adequate water quality, results in constraining the annual release. Thus, the allowed fluctuation of reservoir stage is not defined by the physical and technical characteristics of the reservoir, but by a multi-criteria decision, the three criteria being maximizing water release, ensuring adequate water quality, and maintaining a high quality of the natural landscape. Each of these criteria is analyzed separately. The results are then put together in a multicriterion tableau, which helps understand the implications of the possible alternative decisions. Several conflict resolution methods are overviewed, namely willingness to pay, hedonic prices, and multi-criteria decision analysis. All these methods attempt to quantify non-quantifiable qualities, and it is concluded that they don't necessarily offer any advantage over merely making a choice based on understanding.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Arsenic Leached from Sediments: Agricultural Implications of Abandoned Mines

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soonho Hwang ◽  
Yonggu Her ◽  
Sang Min Jun ◽  
Jung-Hun Song ◽  
Goontaek Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Abandoned Mines ◽  
Reservoir Water ◽  
Hydrochemical Composition ◽  
Sequential Extraction Procedures ◽  
Arsenic Leaching

Heavy metals, including arsenic from abandoned mines, are easily transported with sediment and deposited in water bodies such as reservoirs and lakes, creating critical water quality issues when they are released. Understanding the leaching of heavy metals is necessary for developing efficient water quality improvement plans. This study investigated how arsenic leaches from different soil types and responds to hydrologic conditions to identify areas susceptible to arsenic contamination. In this study, batch- and column-leaching tests and sequential extraction procedures were used to examine arsenic leaching processes in detail. The results showed that most arsenic-loaded sediments accumulated in the vicinity of a reservoir inlet, and arsenic in reservoir beds have a higher leaching potential than those from agricultural land and river beds. Arsenic deposited at the bottom of reservoirs had higher mobility than that in the other soils, and arsenic leaching was closely associated with the acidity of water. In addition, arsenic leaching was found to be responsive to seasons (wet or dry) as its mobilization is controlled by organic compounds that vary over time. The results suggested that temporal variations in the hydrochemical composition of reservoir water should be considered when defining a management plan for reservoir water quality.

Catchment land use and river morphological changes effect on flow and pollution load of Halda River: implication in integrated river management

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shyamal Karmakar ◽  
Md. Enamul Hoque ◽  
M M Abdullah Al Mamun ◽  
Mohammad Ayub Parvez ◽  
Srijon Datta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Upstream Region ◽  
Earthen Dam ◽  
Discharge Data ◽  
Fish Spawning

<p>Halda River originated and ends inside Bangladesh, is a unique natural carp spawning habitat that underwent a massive channel modification, intensive land use and land cover changes across its basin both in the upstream and downstream area over the decades. The carp fish breeding habited is heavily disturbed that marked by a significant reduction in fish spawning in recent years. The fish habitat of this river is reported as critically endangered in many studies. However, these problems are not studied in a hydrological perspective apart from fish spawning characterization and water quality nexus. We have studied the flow regime of the catchment for different seasons and its effects on water quality, siltation, and erosion of this river at 12 cross-sections at the upper course and middle course. Water level and discharge data that are available from the regulatory authority, Bangladesh Water Development Board for the last 40 years at an upstream cross-section and rainfall data at 4 stations of the catchment were studied and integrated to understand nutrient load using QSWAT. The upstream-downstream linkage is heavily regulated followed by the construction of an earthen dam and rubber dam on its major tributaries at upstream for irrigation to the agricultural land that was revealed from this study and field visits. Moreover, basin land-use and land-cover change would have a significant contribution to sediment dynamics eventually causing siltation and erosion in downstream cross-section. The increase in agricultural land that altered forest vegetation would affect runoff characteristics and water quality. We have reported that the change in sediment load and siltation in its downstream and at different hydraulic structure points (here sluice gate, irrigation canals, and embankments) would be attributed to land-use change and flow regulation. This study reports the relationship to the hydraulic response viz. discharge, the water level of this river system to the catchment land use and siltation. Floods are more likely to occur in the downstream region compared to the upstream region in the same hydro-meteorological regime in this basin as it revealed from the river section changes over time.</p>

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