scholarly journals Electric Field Control of the Polluting Emissions from a Propane Flame

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-108
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Heat Mass Transfer ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Fuel Combustion ◽  
Electric Field Effect ◽  
Electric Field Effects ◽  
Field Effects ◽  
Polluting Emissions

The present study is performed with the aim to reduce the levels of polluting emissions from fuel combustion that produce acid rains and the greenhouse effect (NOx, CO2). The electric field effects on the processes of heat/mass transfer and propane combustion are studied in order to perform electric control of the levels of polluting emissions from the flame. The results of experimental studies show the direct influence of the electric field's enhanced mass transfer on local variations of the flame composition and fuel combustion. The related variations of the flame temperature, processes of soot formation, carbon capture and deposition along the flame channel flow are studied by varying the field strength and the equivalence ratio of the propane-air mixture. The results show that the electric field effect on soot for- mation, carbon capture and sequestration, for fuel-rich flame flow, can be used to reduce the levels of CO2 emissions from the flame. In addition, the field-enhanced heat/ mass transfer to the channel walls, for fuel-lean conditions, can be used to control the fuel combustion, flame temperature and temperature- sensitive levels of NOx emissions. The most pronounced electric field effects on fuel combustion and composition of the products are observed in the limit of the weak fields (U<1,2 kV, E<105 V m-1).

Evidence for the existence of an electric field effect from the vinyl proton magnetic resonance spectra of 4-substituted styrenes

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (24) ◽  
pp. 3813-3820 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. K. Hamer ◽  
W. F. Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Shift ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Field Effect ◽  
Chemical Shifts ◽  
Electric Field Effect ◽  
Vinyl Proton ◽  
Concentration Effects ◽  
Electric Field Effects ◽  
Field Effects ◽  
Proton Chemical Shifts

Vinyl proton chemical shifts of styrene and six 4-substituted styrenes have been determined at infinite dilution in cyclohexane. It is shown that changes in the chemical shift difference of the β protons, Δ(δC − δB) can be accounted for by electric field effects. Reasonable values of the constant in the Buckingham equation of(−3.11 ± 0.50) × 10−12 and (−4.77 ± 0.83) × 10−12 are obtained from two different types of field effect calculations. Residual chemical shift changes for β protons after correction for electric field effects can be explained in terms of mesomeric and possibly inductive mechanisms. α-Proton chemical shift values cannot be satisfactorily rationalized. Small concentration effects are noted, usually resulting in high field shifts with increasing concentration. Previous results are reexamined in order to resolve a conflict in the literature.

Cosmic-ray atmospheric electric field effects

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 440-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. I. Dorman ◽  
I. V. Dorman
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Field Effect ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Atmospheric Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Effect ◽  
Neutron Monitors ◽  
Muon Component ◽  
Electric Field Effects ◽  
Field Effects ◽  
Neutron Component

Experimental data on the atmospheric electric field effect in the cosmic-ray muon component are discussed on the basis of the general theory of cosmic-ray meteorological effects. In this framework, we develop the theory of atmospheric electric field effects in the hard- and soft-muons of secondary cosmic rays and in the neutron-monitor counting rates as well. We show that the experimental results can be understood on the basis of this theory. We also show that a sufficient atmospheric electric field effect in the cosmic-ray neutron component is to be expected because the neutron monitors work as analyzers of soft muons and really detect only negative muons as well as neutrons.

scholarly journals Electric field control of NOx formation in the flame channel flows

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-108
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Radial Electric Field ◽  
Fuel Combustion ◽  
Channel Flows ◽  
Electric Field Effect ◽  
Radical Ions ◽  
Nox Formation ◽  
Drift Motion ◽  
Thermal Nox

The present studies aimed to obtain clean fuel combustion and get detailed information about the processes that determine the electric field effect on NOx formation in flame channel flows. The experimental studies demonstrate that the interaction between the radial electric field and the flame initiates the field-forced drift motion of positive radical ions in a field direction. The energy exchange between ions and gas particles produces interrelated heat and mass transfer to the negatively biased channel walls. Hence, by varying the applied voltage, a field-enhanced reducing of a flame temperature is obtained, thereby lowering thermal NOx formation during the fuel combustion up to 30-80%.

Temperature and electric field effects on the dynamic modes in a spin current auto-oscillator

2021 ◽  
Vol 103 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Chen ◽  
Yaoyu Gu ◽  
Kaiyuan Zhou ◽  
Zishuang Li ◽  
Liyuan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Spin Current ◽  
Electric Field Effects ◽  
Field Effects

scholarly journals Electron burst driven by near electric field effects of lower-hybrid launchers

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (6-8) ◽  
pp. 465-470
Author(s):  
L. Valade ◽  
A. Ekedahl ◽  
P. Ghendrih ◽  
Y. Sarazin ◽  
Y. Asahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Lower Hybrid ◽  
Electric Field Effects ◽  
Field Effects
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