scholarly journals Spiritual Mindfulness based on Benson Relaxation in the Management of Stress Levels Reduction on Type 2 DM Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Riska Rohmawati ◽  
Arif Helmi ◽  
Siti Nur Hasina ◽  
Rahmadaniar Aditya Putri ◽  
Ratna Yunita Sari
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Stress Level ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stress Levels

Patients with diabetes mellitus have a high-stress level, this is because the treatment isundertaken such as diet, blood sugar control, drug consumption, and exercise. In addition, the risk of diseasecomplications that can be experienced by patients will also increase stress. Spiritual mindfulness based on bensonrelaxation affects the formation of positive cognitive (perception) responses in the brain. A good stress perceptionwill stimulate the hypothalamus to release a series of hormones that cause modulation of the physiological barrierof the immune response by decreasing the activation of the HPA axis and increasing activation of theparasympathetic nerve through the vagal stimulation. The purpose of this study was to prove the influence of spiritualmindfulness based on Benson relaxation in reducing stress levels of type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study was aquasi-experimental study using the pretest-posttest with control group design method. Respondents in this studywere 60 type 2 DM sufferers and were taken by simple random sampling technique and divided into two groupsnamely the intervention group and the control group. Stress level data is obtained using a questionnairemeasurement tool. The intervention group was given spiritual mindfulness based on Benson relaxation for fourweeks. The results of data analysis using t-Test with a significance of p <0.05. The stress level test results showeda significant difference between the intervention group and the control group with p-value = 0,000. Mindfulnessspiritual intervention based on Benson relaxation is effective against stress levels of people with type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Relationship between homocysteine and non-dipper pattern in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 285-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serdal Korkmaz ◽  
Abdulkerim Yilmaz ◽  
Gürsel Yildiz ◽  
Fatih Kiliçli ◽  
Serhat Içağasioğlu
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Nocturnal Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Significant Difference

OBJECTIVE: The rate of reduction of nocturnal blood pressure (NBP) is lesser than normal in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 DM). Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHC) disrupts vascular structure and function, no matter the underlying causes. The risk of development of vascular disease is greater in diabetic patients with hyperhomocysteinemia than in patients with normal homocystein levels. The aim of the study was to investigate whether there are differences of homocystein levels in dipper and non-dippers patients with type 2 DM. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We compared 50 patients (33 females, 17 males) with type 2 DM and 35 healthy individuals (18 females, 17 males ) in a control group. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) was performed and homocysteine levels were measured in all patients. RESULTS: We found that the percentage of non-dipper pattern was 72% in patients with type 2 DM and 57% in control group. In diabetic and control individuals, homocystein levels were higher in non-dipper (respectively 13.4 ± 8.1 µmol/L and 11.8 ± 5 µmol/L) than in dipper subjects (respectively, 11.8 ± 5.8 µmol/L and 10.1 ± 4.2 µmol/L), but there was no significant difference between the two groups (respectively, p = 0.545, p = 0.294). CONCLUSION: In both groups, homocystein levels were higher in non-dipper than in dipper participants, but there was no significant difference between the groups. High homocystein levels and the non-dipper pattern increases cardiovascular risk. Therefore, the relationship between nocturnal blood pressure changes and homocystein levels should be investigated in a larger study.

Effect of Precede–Proceed Model on Preventive Behaviors for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in High-Risk Individuals

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi Moshki ◽  
Atefeh Dehnoalian ◽  
Ali Alami
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Preventive Behaviors ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Face To Face Instruction

This study sought to assess the effect of precede–proceed model on preventive behaviors for type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in high-risk individuals. In this semi-experimental study, 164 high-risk individuals for type 2 DM were selected and were randomly divided into two groups of intervention and control ( n = 85). Educational intervention was performed as a single session face-to-face instruction for 1.5 hr for the intervention group participants. Data were collected before (baseline) and immediately and 1 month after the intervention in the two groups. The mean score of predisposing (knowledge) factors ( p = .001), reinforcing factors ( p = .001), and enabling factors ( p = .02) were significantly different at baseline and 1 month after the intervention in the intervention group compared with the control group ( p < .05). A significant improvement occurred in the nutritional habits of high-risk participants in the intervention group at 1 month after the intervention compared with controls ( p = .001). The precede–proceed model can be effective for promoting the preventive behaviors for type 2 DM in high-risk individuals.

scholarly journals Spiritual Emotional Freedom Technique against Anxiety and Psychological Well-being of Type 2 DM Patients during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (G) ◽  
pp. 260-265
Author(s):  
Ratna Yunita Sari ◽  
Abdul Muhith ◽  
Riska Rohmawati ◽  
Umdatus Soleha ◽  
Imamatul Faizah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Well Being ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
The Mean

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic makes patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus experience an increase in anxiety, considering that diabetes mellitus is one of the dangerous comorbidities for people infected with the COVID-19 virus so that it affects their psychological well-being. Low psychological well-being will have an impact on decreasing self-care, thereby increasing the occurrence of complications. AIM: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the spiritual emotional freedom technique (SEFT) on anxiety and the psychological well-being of patients with type 2 DM during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: The research design employed is a quasi-experimental research with the untreated control group design with dependent pre-test and post-test samples. The sampling technique used is probability sampling which is a random sampling to meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria with a total sample of 110 respondents with the distribution of the intervention group consisting of 55 respondents and the control group consisting of 55 respondents. The instrument used to measure the level of anxiety is the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety and psychological well-being of Ryff’s psychological well-being. The statistical tests used are Paired Sample t-Test and Independent t-test with significant p < 0.05. RESULTS: The results showed that the mean level of anxiety in the intervention group before the implementation of the intervention was 21.89 (moderate), while after the intervention was 10.98 (mild) and the psychological well-being before the intervention was 147.49 (low), while after the intervention was 170.91 (moderate). Furthermore, in the case of the control group, the mean level of anxiety before the intervention was 19.16 and after the intervention was 19.11 and psychological well-being before the intervention was 146.67 while after the intervention was 146.45. Furthermore, the data analysis obtained that the SEFT affected the level of anxiety and psychological well-being of patients with type 2 diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic with p = 0.00. CONCLUSION: The SEFT that is routinely implemented can reduce the level of anxiety so that it can improve the psychological well-being of patients with type 2 DM during the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Effects of Family Empowerment on Increasing Family Support in Patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Iskim Luthfa ◽  
Iwan Ardian
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Family Empowerment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Family

Background: Patients with type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) need support from their families to perform self-care to prevent complications; however, not all families have effective support. Family empowerment is a family-based strategic intervention which can improve family support to those patients.Purpose: This study aimed to determine the effects of family empowerment on increasing family support in patients with type 2 DM.Methods: This study used a quasi-experiment with non-equivalent control group design. Forty-six respondents were recruited using a consecutive sampling technique and assigned to the control and intervention groups. Respondents in the intervention group were given family empowerment intervention by visiting their homes four times, for 120 minutes each. In contrast, the control group was given the intervention of standard booklets. The Hensarling Diabetes Family Support Scale (HDFSS) was used to observe the family support on both groups. Data were analyzed by independent t-test.Results: Results showed that there was a significant difference between the intervention and the control group with t=7.86 and p-value of 0.00. There were mean differences of 2.29 and 0.28 between the intervention and the control group, respectively.Conclusion: Family empowerment affected family support in patients with type-2 DM. Based on this study, it is recommended that the health workers advocate and encourage the family in the planning management of patients with diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Range of Motion (ROM) Aktif Kaki terhadap Risiko terjadinya Ulkus Kaki Diabetik pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 di Desa Kaliwining Kabupaten Jember

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 305
Author(s):  
Yulfa Intan Lukita ◽  
Nur Widyati ◽  
Wantiyah Wantiyah
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference

Diabetic foot ulcer is one of serious complications in diabetic patients which can lead to amputation.Active Leg range of motion (ROM) exercise is one of physical activities which can improve bloodcirculation in lower extremities. The objective of this research was to analyze the effect of active legROM on the risk of diabetic foot ulcer. This research employed non randomized control group pretestpostest design. The sampling technique was purposive sampling involving 30 repondents whichwere divided into 15 respondents as intervention group and 15 respondents as control group. Thedata were analyzed using dependent t test and independent t test with significant level of 0.05. Theresult revealed a significant difference between pretest and posttest in the intervention group (p =0.000) but no significant difference in the control group (p = 0.582). Furthemore, independent t testshowed a significant difference between intervention group and control group (p = 0.000). This resultindicates that there is a significant effect of active leg ROM on the risk of diabetic foot ulcer in clientwith type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nurse is expected to apply range of motion as one of intervention toprevent diabetic foot ulcer in diabetes mellitus patients.Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus, active leg range of motion, risk of diabetic foot ulcer

scholarly journals Shared decision making and patient-centeredness for patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus in primary care—results of the cluster-randomised controlled DEBATE trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Wollny ◽  
Christin Löffler ◽  
Eva Drewelow ◽  
Attila Altiner ◽  
Christian Helbig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Shared Decision Making ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Shared Decision ◽  
Patient Centeredness

Abstract Background We investigate whether an educational intervention of GPs increases patient-centeredness and perceived shared decision making in the treatment of patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus? Methods We performed a cluster-randomized controlled trial in German primary care. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus defined as HbA1c levels ≥ 8.0% (64 mmol/mol) at the time of recruitment (n = 833) from general practitioners (n = 108) were included. Outcome measures included subjective shared decision making (SDM-Q-9; scale from 0 to 45 (high)) and patient-centeredness (PACIC-D; scale from 1 to 5 (high)) as secondary outcomes. Data collection was performed before intervention (baseline, T0), at 6 months (T1), at 12 months (T2), at 18 months (T3), and at 24 months (T4) after baseline. Results Subjective shared decision making decreased in both groups during the course of the study (intervention group: -3.17 between T0 and T4 (95% CI: -4.66, -1.69; p < 0.0001) control group: -2.80 (95% CI: -4.30, -1.30; p = 0.0003)). There were no significant differences between the two groups (-0.37; 95% CI: -2.20, 1.45; p = 0.6847). The intervention's impact on patient-centeredness was minor. Values increased in both groups, but the increase was not statistically significant, nor was the difference between the groups. Conclusions The intervention did not increase patient perceived subjective shared decision making and patient-centeredness in the intervention group as compared to the control group. Effects in both groups might be partially attributed to the Hawthorne-effect. Future trials should focus on patient-based intervention elements to investigate effects on shared decision making and patient-centeredness. Trial registration The trial was registered on March 10th, 2011 at ISRCTN registry under the reference ISRCTN70713571.

scholarly journals Influence of physical activity on periodontal health in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A blinded, randomized, controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Wernicke ◽  
J. Grischke ◽  
M. Stiesch ◽  
S. Zeissler ◽  
K. Krüger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Abstract Objectives The aim was to investigate the effect of physical activity on periodontal health and HbA1c levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) over a period of 6 months. Materials and methods Thirty-seven patients with non-insulin-dependent T2DM were included in the study. The intervention group (n=20) performed physical activity over a period of 6 months. The control group (n=17) did not receive any intervention. Baseline and final examinations included dental parameters and concentrations of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP). Results Physical activity showed a positive effect on periodontal health. Both the BOP (p= 0.005) and the severity of periodontitis (p= 0.001) were significantly reduced in the intervention group compared to the control group. Furthermore, HbA1c levels were reduced (p= 0.010) significantly in the intervention group while hsCRP levels significantly increased in the control group (p= 0.04). Conclusions Within the limitations of this randomized, controlled trial, physical activity over a period of 6 months is a health-promoting measure for patients with T2DM and improves both periodontal health and HbA1c concentrations.

scholarly journals Clinical significance of intramammary arterial calcifications in diabetic women

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zorica Milosevic ◽  
Jelica Bjekic ◽  
Stanko Radulovic ◽  
Branislav Goldner
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Duration Of Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Macroangiopathy ◽  
Indirect Sign ◽  
Significant Difference

Background. It is well known that intramammary arterial calcifications diagnosed by mammography as a part of generalized diabetic macroangiopathy may be an indirect sign of diabetes mellitus. Hence, the aim of this study was to determine the incidence of intramammary arterial calcifications, the patient?s age when the calcifications occur, as well as to observe the influence of diabetic polineuropathy, type, and the duration of diabetes on the onset of calcifications, in comparison with nondiabetic women. Methods. Mammographic findings of 113 diabetic female patients (21 with type 1 diabetes and 92 with type 2), as well as of 208 nondiabetic women (the control group) were analyzed in the prospective study. The data about the type of diabetes, its duration, and polineuropathy were obtained using the questionnaire. Statistical differences were determined by Mann-Whitney test. Results. Intramammary arterial calcifications were identified in 33.3% of the women with type 1 diabetes, in 40.2% with type 2, and in 8.2% of the women from the control group, respectively. The differences comparing the women with type 1, as well as type 2 diabetes and the controls were statistically significant (p=0.0001). Women with intramammary arterial calcifications and type 1 diabetes were younger comparing to the control group (median age 52 years, comparing to 67 years of age, p=0.001), while there was no statistically significant difference in age between the women with calcifications and type 2 diabetes (61 years of age) in relation to the control group (p=0.176). The incidence of polineuropathy in diabetic women was higher in the group with intramammary arterial calcifications (52.3%) in comparison to the group without calcifications (26.1%), (p=0.005). The association between intramammary arterial calcifications and the duration of diabetes was not found. Conclusion. The obtained results supported the theory that intramammary arterial calcifications, detected by mammography could serve as markers of co-existing diabetes mellitus and therefore should be specified in radiologic report in case of their early development.

scholarly journals Effects of Five-Finger Relaxation Technique on Depression in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosliana Dewi ◽  
Fanny Dwi Agustina ◽  
Johan Budhiana ◽  
Syiva Dwi Fatmala
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Relaxation Technique ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Relaxation Techniques ◽  
Psychological Changes ◽  
Type 2 Dm

Diabetes mellitus (DM) can cause physical and psychological changes for sufferers. Psychological changes include changes in self-concept and depression. Psychological changes can be treated with nonpharmacological therapies, one of which is five-finger relaxation technique. The research aimed to reveal the effect of five-finger relaxation technique on depression experienced by type 2 DM patients. The five-finger relaxation technique is one of the generalist relaxation techniques by recalling pleasant experiences. This research is a quasi-experiment. Samples of this research were 34 respondents whom were selected using purposive sampling.  The intervention was carried out once a day for 3 consecutive days.  In order to measure depression, a valid and reliable questionnaire of Indonesian version of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was employed.  Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Test and the Mann-Whitney Test. The results showed the was a decrease in depression in the control group (p-value of 0.008) and the intervention group (p-value of 0.000) and there were differences in depression in the control group and the intervention group (p-value of 0.000). It can be concluded that there is an effect of five-finger relaxation technique on depression in type 2 DM patients<em>.</em>

scholarly journals Walking prescription of 10 000 steps per day in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomised trial in Nigerian general practice

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (667) ◽  
pp. e139-e145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayorinde F Fayehun ◽  
Olufemi O Olowookere ◽  
Adetola M Ogunbode ◽  
Adedotun A Adetunji ◽  
Arinola Esan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycaemic Control ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Step Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Baseline Hba1c ◽  
Steps Per Day

BackgroundIn clinical practice, translating the benefits of a sustained physically active lifestyle on glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is difficult. A walking prescription may be an effective alternative.AimTo examine the effect of a 10 000 steps per day prescription on glycaemic control of patients with T2DM.Design and settingForty-six adults with T2DM attending a general outpatient clinic were randomised into two equal groups. The intervention group was given goals to accumulate 10 000 steps per day for 10 weeks, whereas the control group maintained their normal activity habits.MethodDaily step count was measured with waist-mounted pedometer and baseline and endline average steps per day. Glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), anthropometric, and cardiovascular measurements were also obtained. An intention-to-treat analysis was done.ResultsThe average baseline step count was 4505 steps per day for all participants, and the average step count in the intervention group for the last 4 weeks of the study period was higher by 2913 steps per day (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1274 to 4551, F (2, 37.7) = 18.90, P<0.001). Only 6.1% of the intervention group participants achieved the 10 000 steps per day goal. The mean baseline HbA1c was 6.6% (range = 5.3 to 9.0). Endline HbA1c was lower in the intervention group than in the control group (mean difference −0.74%, 95% CI = −1.32 to −0.02, F = 12.92, P = 0.015) after adjusting for baseline HbA1c. There was no change in anthropometric and cardiovascular indices.ConclusionAdherence to 10 000 steps per day prescription is low but may still be associated with improved glycaemic control in T2DM. Motivational strategies for better adherence would improve glycaemic control.

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