THE SUPERSONIC ARGON FLOW PARAMETERS IN AN ARCJET THRUSTER

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. I. GORBUNKOV ◽  
◽  
V. V. SHALAY ◽  
N. V. PUSTOVOI ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Equilibrium ◽  
Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
Local Thermal Equilibrium ◽  
Closed Volume ◽  
Propulsion Systems ◽  
Orbit Correction ◽  
Flow Parameters ◽  
Argon Flow ◽  
Gas Plasma

A small closed volume occupied by the gas plasma is a specific feature of the propulsion systems for orbit correction of spacecraft (PSSC). We found the temperature of argon in the PSSC chamber using emission spectroscopy methods in the approximation of partial local thermal equilibrium.

From the molten bridge rupture to the local thermal equilibrium arc: optical emission spectroscopy of electric arcs during contacts opening

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (38) ◽  
pp. 385206
Author(s):  
Pierre Corfdir ◽  
Thierry Delachaux ◽  
Patrick Sütterlin ◽  
Markus Abplanalp ◽  
Frank Kassubek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Equilibrium ◽  
Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
Optical Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Local Thermal Equilibrium ◽  
Electric Arcs

USE OF GROOVED SURFACES TO IMPROVE HYDRODYNAMIC, CAVITATION AND ACOUSTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF WINGS AND ELEMENTS OF VANE PROPULSION SYSTEMS (REVIEW)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 3-17
Author(s):  
A.L. SUKHORUKOV
Keyword(s):  
Computational Models ◽  
Acoustic Radiation ◽  
Hydrodynamic Cavitation ◽  
Propulsion Systems ◽  
Acoustic Characteristics ◽  
Flow Parameters ◽  
Turbulent Transition ◽  
Grooved Surface ◽  
Propeller Blades ◽  
Laminar Turbulent Transition

The paper reviews the use of grooved surfaces and sawtooth (chevron) edges to control the flow parameters of the wings, propeller blades and elements of vane propulsion systems operating in both gaseous and liquid media. Particular attention is paid to the physical mechanisms of improving the hydrodynamic, cavitation and acoustic characteristics under the influence of a grooved surface. These mechanisms are associated with a change in the flow structure in the region of the laminar-turbulent transition, the peculiarities of the occurrence of cavitation and acoustic radiation in the region of the outgoing edges. The results of the verification of computational models describing the behavior of the flow taking into account the laminar-turbulent transition, the use of which is necessary for studying flows near a grooved surface, are presented.

scholarly journals Precise Measurements of CH Maser Emission and Its Abundance in Translucent Clouds

2021 ◽  
Vol 257 (2) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Ningyu Tang ◽  
Di Li ◽  
Gan Luo ◽  
Carl Heiles ◽  
Sheng-Li Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Equilibrium ◽  
Column Density ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Local Thermal Equilibrium ◽  
Molecular Gas ◽  
Excitation Temperature ◽  
Hyperfine Transitions ◽  
Visible Wavelengths ◽  
Log Normal ◽  
Log Normal Distribution

Abstract We present high-sensitivity CH 9 cm ON/OFF observations toward 18 extragalactic continuum sources that have been detected with OH 18 cm absorption in the Millennium survey with the Arecibo telescope. CH emission was detected toward 6 of the 18 sources. The excitation temperature of CH has been derived directly through analyzing all detected ON and OFF velocity components. The excitation temperature of CH 3335 MHz transition ranges from −54.5 to −0.4 K and roughly follows a log-normal distribution peaking within [−5, 0] K, which implies overestimation by 20% to more than 10 times during calculating CH column density by assuming the conventional value of −60 or −10 K. Furthermore, the column density of CH would be underestimated by a factor of 1.32 ± 0.03 when adopting local thermal equilibrium assumption instead of using the CH three hyperfine transitions. We found a correlation between the column density of CH and OH following log N(CH) = (1.80 ± 0.49) and log N(OH −11.59 ± 6.87. The linear correlation between the column density of CH and H2 is consistent with that derived from visible wavelengths studies, confirming that CH is one of the best tracers of H2 components in diffuse molecular gas.

scholarly journals A theoretical analysis of local thermal equilibrium in fibrous materials

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-82
Author(s):  
Mingwei Tian ◽  
Ning Pan ◽  
Lijun Qu ◽  
Xiaoqing Guo ◽  
Guangting Han
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Equilibrium ◽  
Internal Heat ◽  
Constant Heat Flux ◽  
Local Thermal Equilibrium ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Fibrous Materials ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Convective Boundary ◽  
Boundary Problems ◽  
Criterion System

The internal heat exchange between each phase and the Local Thermal Equilibrium (LTE) scenarios in multi-phase fibrous materials are considered in this paper. Based on the two-phase heat transfer model, a criterion is proposed to evaluate the LTE condition, using derived characteristic parameters. Furthermore, the LTE situations in isothermal/adiabatic boundary cases with two different heat sources (constant heat flux and constant temperature) are assessed as special transient cases to test the proposed criterion system, and the influence of such different cases on their LTE status are elucidated. In addition, it is demonstrated that even the convective boundary problems can be generally estimated using this approach. Finally, effects on LTE of the material properties (thermal conductivity, volumetric heat capacity of each phase, sample porosity and pore hydraulic radius) are investigated, illustrated and discussed in our study.

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