scholarly journals Negative and Neutral Valences of Affective Theory of Mind are More Impaired than Positive Valence in Clinically Stable Schizophrenia Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 460-464
Author(s):  
Thammanard Charernboon
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Emotional Valence ◽  
Positive Valence ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Normal Controls

Objective People with schizophrenia show impairment in social cognition, such as emotion recognition and theory of mind. The current study aims to compare the ability of clinically stable schizophrenia patients to decode the positive, negative and neutral affective mental state of others with educational match-paired normal control.Methods 50 people with schizophrenia and 50 matched controls were compared on the positive, negative and neutral emotional valence of affective theory of mind using the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Tests.Results The results showed that people with schizophrenia performed worse in negative and neutral emotional valence than normal controls; however, no significant differences in decoding positive valence were found.Conclusion Our data suggest that there is variability in the performance of affective theory of mind according to emotion valence; the impairments seem to be specific to only negative and neutral emotions, but not positive ones.

Cognición social en niños con trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad: una revisión narrativa de la literatura

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-58
Author(s):  
Ma. Guillermina Yáñez-Téllez ◽  
Daniel Hernández-Torres
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Pragmatic Language ◽  
Affective Prosody ◽  
Palabras Clave

Los niños con trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad (TDAH) presentan problemas en la interacción social, los cuales pueden ser atribuidos a deficiencias en la cognición social (CS), no obstante, esta función ha sido poco estudiada en esta población. El objetivo de este trabajo fue realizar una revisión de la literatura de los últimos 18 años acerca de la CS en niños con TDAH, en los subdominios de teoría de la mente, reconocimiento de emociones en rostros, lenguaje pragmático y prosodia afectiva. Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos PubMed y Scopus, combinando las siguientes palabras clave: “ADHD”, “social cognition”, “theory of mind”, “emotion recognition”, “pragmatic language” y “affective prosody”. Se seleccionaron artículos desde el 2000 hasta el 2018. El reconocimiento de emociones en rostros es el déficit en CS más reportado, encontrándose fallas en la comprensión de gestos de miedo, tristeza, felicidad y enojo, aunque no de manera consistente. Asimismo, se reportan deficiencias en la teoría de la mente, principalmente en la referencia social, entendimiento de emociones básicas, metarrepresentaciones, inferencias de segundo orden y comprensión de juicios sociales complejos.

scholarly journals Self-serving social strategies: A systematic review of social cognition in narcissism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare M. Eddy
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Cognition ◽  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Cognitive Empathy ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Social Strategies ◽  
Concurrent Administration ◽  
Narcissistic Personality

AbstractNarcissistic Personality Disorder is characterised by inflated self-importance, an excessive need for admiration, and a lack of empathy. The interpersonal difficulties associated with narcissistic personality may be becoming more widespread given its increasing prevalence within the general population. This systematic review investigated the relationship between narcissistic personality traits and social cognition (i.e. theory of mind; emotion recognition; empathy; emotional intelligence) in clinical and non-clinical samples. Cognitive empathy (i.e. perspective taking) appears unlikely to be impaired, while affective empathy (relating to another’s emotion state) may be reduced in association with narcissism. Those with grandiose narcissism rate their empathic skills more highly than those with vulnerable narcissism, but concurrent administration of objective measures is rare, limiting insight into the validity of self-ratings. Rather than deficits in aspects of social cognition, the overall pattern could reflect motivation, or advantageous use of social cognitive skills to serve the self. Indeed, interpersonal strategies associated with narcissism (e.g. deception; manipulation) suggest the application of understanding another’s beliefs or desires in the context of low empathy. Further research should seek to explore performance on a wider range of emotion recognition and theory of mind tasks, and whether characteristics such as excessive jealousy and paranoia could reflect hyper-mentalizing.

Fact or fiction?

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha Chlebuch ◽  
Thalia R. Goldstein ◽  
Deena Skolnick Weisberg
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Literary Fiction ◽  
Critical Question ◽  
Text Type ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Eyes Task ◽  
The Mind

Abstract Many studies have claimed to find that reading fiction leads to improvements in social cognition. But this work has left open the critical question of whether any type of narrative, fictional or nonfictional, might have similar effects. To address this question, as well as to test whether framing a narrative as fiction matters, the current studies presented participants (N = 268 in Study 1; N = 362 in Study 2) with literary fiction texts, narrative nonfiction texts, expository nonfiction texts, or no texts. We tested their theory-of-mind abilities using the picture-based Reading the Mind in the Eyes task and a text-based test of higher-order social cognition. Reading anything was associated with higher scores compared to reading nothing, but the effects of framing and text type were inconsistent. These results suggest that prior claims regarding positive effects of reading fiction on mentalizing should be seen as tenuous; other mechanisms may be driving previously published effects.

Association Between Olfactory Identification and Face Emotion Recognition in Euthymic Bipolar Patients

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
G. Lahera ◽  
E. Herrería ◽  
S. Ruiz-Murugarren ◽  
C. Ruiz-Bennásar ◽  
P. Iglesias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Functional Connection ◽  
Olfactory Identification ◽  
Bipolar Patients ◽  
Verbal Theory ◽  
Face Emotion Recognition ◽  
Smell Identification

Introduction:The close anatomical and functional connection between the orbitofrontal cortex and olfactory processing suggests that emotion regulation and olfactory identification could be associated. Smell identification deficit (SID) is common in adult schizophrenia, but it has been less studied in bipolar patients, who also show a significant degree of social disadvantage.Methods:A sample of 27 euthymic bipolar patients were recluted. Euthymia was defined as YMRS < 6 and HDRS < 8, during a 3-month period. Patients were assessed with the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT), Face Recognition Test and a verbal Theory of Mind test (Faux Pas Test), in order to examine the association between olfactory identification ability and social cognition domains.Results:According to the hypothesis, olfactory identification was positively correlated with Face Emotion Recognition (Pearson, p = 0.007) and verbal Theory of Mind (Pearson, p=0.030). Smell identification was similar in smoker (15/27) and non-smoker subgroup of the sample (U Mann Whitney; p = n.s). No differences were neither found between male (14/27) and female subgroup (U; p = n.s).Conclusion:Olfactory identification and social cognition (specially, face emotion recognition) appear to represent two correlated traits in bipolar disorder, suggesting a possible common neural substrate.

scholarly journals Neuronal correlates of affective theory of mind in schizophrenia out-patients: evidence for a baseline deficit

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 1607-1617 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Mier ◽  
C. Sauer ◽  
S. Lis ◽  
C. Esslinger ◽  
J. Wilhelm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Functional Brain Imaging ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Schizophrenia Group

BackgroundSchizophrenia out-patients have deficits in affective theory of mind (ToM) but also on more basal levels of social cognition, such as the processing of neutral and emotional expressions. These deficits are associated with changes in brain activation in the amygdala and the superior temporal sulcus (STS). However, until now there have been no studies that examined these different levels of social cognition and their neurobiological underpinnings in patients within one design.MethodSixteen medicated schizophrenia out-patients and 16 matched healthy controls were studied with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during a social cognition task that allows the investigation of affective ToM (aToM), emotion recognition and the processing of neutral facial expressions.ResultsPatients showed a deficit in emotion recognition and a more prominent deficit in aToM. The performance in aToM and in emotion recognition was correlated in the control group but not in the schizophrenia group. Region-of-interest analysis of functional brain imaging data revealed no difference between groups during aToM, but a hyperactivation in the schizophrenia group in the left amygdala and right STS during emotion recognition and the processing of neutral facial expressions.ConclusionsThe results indicate that schizophrenia out-patients have deficits at several levels of social cognition and provide the first evidence that deficits on higher-order social cognitive processes in schizophrenia may be traced back to an aberrant processing of faces per se.

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