scholarly journals Functional Connectivity of the Striatum as a Neural Correlate of Symptom Severity in Patient with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junha Park ◽  
Taekwan Kim ◽  
Minah Kim ◽  
Tae Young Lee ◽  
Jun Soo Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Cortical Regions ◽  
Hamilton Rating Scale

Objective It is well established that the cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) circuit is implicated in the pathophysiology of obsessive- compulsive disorder (OCD). However, reports on corticostriatal functional connectivity (FC) in OCD have been inconsistent due to the structural and functional heterogeneity of the striatum. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated corticostriatal FC using a fine 12-seed striatal parcellation to overcome this heterogeneity and discover the neural correlates of symptoms in OCD patients.Methods We recruited 23 OCD patients and 23 healthy controls (HCs). Whole-brain FC based on striatal seeds was examined using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data and compared across OCD patients and HCs. We conducted correlation analysis between FCs of striatal subregions with significant group differences and symptom severity scores on the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, and Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM-A).Results Compared to HCs, patients demonstrated increased FC of the dorsal caudal putamen and ventral rostral putamen (VRP) with several cortical regions, such as the intracalcarine cortex, inferior frontal gyrus, supramarginal/angular gyrus (SMG/AG), and postcentral gyrus (PCG). Furthermore, FC between the VRP and SMG/AG and between the VRP and PCG was negatively correlated with scores on the Y-BOCS compulsive subscale and the HAM-A, respectively.Conclusion These findings suggest that striatal subregions have strengthened FC with extensive cortical regions, which may reflect neural correlates of compulsive and anxious symptoms in OCD patients. These results contribute to an improved understanding of OCD pathophysiology by complementing the current evidence regarding striatal FC.

scholarly journals Nigro-striatal dopamine activation lowers behavioral and neuronal phenotypes associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Casado-Sainz ◽  
Frederik Gudmundsen ◽  
Simone L. Baerentzen ◽  
Denise Lange ◽  
Annemette Ringsted ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Dopamine Neurons ◽  
Striatal Dopamine ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Neuronal Populations ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Diseases ◽  
Dopamine Transmission ◽  
Cortical Regions

AbstractNigro-striatal dopamine transmission in the rat dorsomedial striatum (DMS) engages the cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) circuit. Modulation of the CSTC circuit can emulate behavioral and functional aspects of neuropsychiatric diseases, including obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). Classical pharmacological and neurotoxic manipulations of brain circuits suffer from various drawbacks related to off-target effects and adaptive changes. Chemogenetics, on the other hand, enables a highly selective targeting of specific neuronal populations. In this study, we developed a chemogenetic method for selective activation of dopamine neurons innervating the rat DMS, and used this approach to investigate effects of targeted dopamine activation on CSTC circuit function. We monitored behavioral effects on locomotion, self-grooming, and prepulse inhibition of the startle response, which are stereotypic behaviors related to OCD, as well as effects on metabolic functional connectivity measured by [18F]FDG PET, and regional concentrations of neurochemicals (i.e., glutamate, glutamine, N-acetylaspartate and N-acetylaspartateglutamate) measured by MR spectroscopy. We found that chemogenetic induced nigro-striatal dopamine transmission lowers some of the stereotypic behaviors that are considered hallmarks of OCD. It also disrupts functional connectivity between cortical areas and striatum, and increased total glutamate and N-acetylaspatateglutamate in cortical regions. The results thus establishes the importance of nigro-striatal dopamine transmission in modulation of CSTC function and emphasize DMS dopamine as a possible target for treatment of related neuropsychiatric disorders.One Sentence SummaryChemogenetic nigro-striatal dopamine activation modulates functional connectivity and behaviors related to cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuit – perspectives for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder.

scholarly journals Individual-fMRI-approaches reveal cerebellum and visual communities to be functionally connected in obsessive compulsive disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajan Kashyap ◽  
Goi Khia Eng ◽  
Sagarika Bhattacharjee ◽  
Bhanu Gupta ◽  
Roger Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Head Motion ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Functional Connections ◽  
Clinical Scores

AbstractThere is significant interest in understanding the pathophysiology of Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder (OCD) using resting-state fMRI (rsfMRI). Previous studies acknowledge abnormalities within and beyond the fronto-striato-limbic circuit in OCD that require further clarifications. However, limited information could be inferred from the conventional way of investigating the functional connectivity differences between OCD and healthy controls. Here, we identified altered brain organization in patients with OCD by applying individual-based approaches to maximize the identification of underlying network-based features specific to the OCD group. rsfMRI of 20 patients with OCD and 22 controls were preprocessed, and individual-fMRI-subspace was derived for each subject within each group. We evaluated group differences in functional connectivity using individual-fMRI-subspace and established its advantage over conventional-fMRI methodology. We applied prediction-based approaches to highlight the group differences by evaluating the differences in functional connections that predicted the clinical scores (namely, the Obsessive–Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R) and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale). Then, we explored the brain network organization of both groups by estimating the subject-specific communities within each group. Lastly, we evaluated associations between the inter-individual variation of nodes in the communities to clinical measures using linear regression. Functional connectivity analysis using individual-fMRI-subspace detected 83 connections that were different between OCD and control groups, compared to none found using conventional-fMRI methodology. Connectome-based prediction analysis did not show significant overlap between the two groups in the functional connections that predicted the clinical scores. This suggests that the functional architecture in patients with OCD may be different compared to controls. Seven communities were found in both groups. Interestingly, within the OCD group but not controls, we observed functional connectivity between cerebellar and visual regions, and lack of connectivity between striato-limbic and frontal areas. Inter-individual variations in the community-size of these two communities were also associated with the OCI-R score (p < .005). Due to our small sample size, we further validated our results by (i) accounting for head motion, (ii) applying global signal regression (GSR) in data processing, and (iii) using an alternate atlas for parcellation. While the main results were consistently observed with accounting for head motion and using another atlas, the key findings were not reproduced with GSR application. The study demonstrated the existence of disconnectedness in fronto-striato-limbic community and connectedness between cerebellar and visual areas in OCD patients, which was also related to the clinical symptomatology of OCD.

scholarly journals Neural correlates of working memory deficits and associations to response inhibition in obsessive compulsive disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 426-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Heinzel ◽  
Christian Kaufmann ◽  
Rosa Grützmann ◽  
Robert Hummel ◽  
Julia Klawohn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Response Inhibition ◽  
Memory Deficits ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

Alterations in resting-state local functional connectivity in obsessive-compulsive disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 113-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
HuiHui Hao ◽  
Chuang Chen ◽  
WeiBing Mao ◽  
Wei Xia ◽  
ZhongQuan Yi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Local Functional

Functional connectivity in fronto-subcortical circuitry during the resting state in obsessive-compulsive disorder

2010 ◽  
Vol 474 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joon Hwan Jang ◽  
Jae-Hun Kim ◽  
Wi Hoon Jung ◽  
Jung-Seok Choi ◽  
Myung Hun Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder
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