scholarly journals Differences in Personality, Defense Styles, and Coping Strategies in Individuals with Depressive Disorder According to Age Groups Across the Lifespan

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 911-918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miae Oh ◽  
Jong-Woo Kim ◽  
Nan-He Yoon ◽  
Seong Ae Lee ◽  
Sang Min Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Defense Styles ◽  
And Coping

scholarly journals Analysis of the Differential Relationship between the Perception of One’s Life and Coping Resources among Three Generations of Bedouin Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orna Braun-Lewensohn ◽  
Sarah Abu-Kaf ◽  
Khaled Al-Said ◽  
Ephrat Huss
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Coping Resources ◽  
Stress Appraisal ◽  
The Past ◽  
Positive Reframing ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Differential Relationship

Bedouin society has undergone rapid changes over the past decade. The younger generation of Bedouin women is better educated, which has enabled them to enter different professions, increased their incomes and elevated their social status. We examined the sense of coherence (SOC) and its components of meaningfulness, manageability and comprehensibility as well as the use of coping strategies among Bedouin women from three age groups. We also investigated the coping resources and strategies before determining the relationships between these variables in the three groups. One hundred ninety-six women participated in the study. Differences were found mostly between the oldest age group (61 years and older) and the two younger groups (21–40 and 41–60 years old). The oldest women reported less meaningfulness and used less positive reframing, planning, humor and acceptance. In terms of coping strategies, venting was used more by the youngest group whereas behavioral disengagement was used more by the oldest group. In the younger groups, SOC and its components were positively correlated with the use of coping strategies that are considered to be adaptive and with emotional support. However, the correlations between these factors were negative among the oldest group, which points to non-adaptive coping strategies used by these women. These results are discussed in light of the salutogenic, stress-appraisal and coping theories.

scholarly journals Impact of the COVID-19 Outbreak on the Behavior of Families in Italy: A Focus on Children and Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Uccella ◽  
Elisa De Grandis ◽  
Fabrizio De Carli ◽  
Maria D'Apruzzo ◽  
Laura Siri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Sleep Difficulties ◽  
Risk Categories

The COVID-19 pandemic has changed individuals' lifestyles to a great extent, particularly in Italy. Although many concerns about it have been highlighted, its impact on children and adolescents has scarcely been examined. The purpose of this study was to explore behavioral consequences and coping strategies related to the pandemic among families in Italy, by focusing on developmental ages from the caregivers' perspective, 3 weeks into quarantine. An exploratory cross-sectional online survey was conducted over 14 days. Google Forms was employed to conduct the survey. Demographic variables and pre-existing Psychological Weaknesses (PsW) were asked. Adults' sleep difficulties (SleepScore) and coping strategies during quarantine were assessed. Behavioral changes related to quarantine of both subjects completing the form (COVIDStress) and their children (when present) were questioned. Of the 6,871 respondents, we selected 6,800 valid questionnaires; 3,245 declared children aged under 18 years of age (caregivers). PsWs were recognizable in 64.9% among non-caregivers and in 61.5% of caregivers, with a mean PsW score of 1.42 ± 1.26 and 1.30 ± 1.25 over 3 points, respectively. The 95.5% of the non-caregivers and the 96.5% of caregivers presented behavioral changes with a mean COVIDStress of 3.85 ± 1.82 and 4.09 ± 1.79 over 8, respectively (p<0.001). Sleep difficulties were present in the 61.6% of the non-caregivers and in the 64.4% of the caregivers (p < 0.001), who showed higher SleepScores (2.41 ± 1.26 against 2.57 ± 1.38 points over 6, p < 0.001). COVIDStress (and SleepScore) strongly correlated with PsW (p < 0.001). Caregivers observed behavioral changes in their children in the 64.3% of the <6 years old and in 72.5% of 6–18 years old. Caregivers' discomfort related to quarantine (COVIDStress, SleepScore) was strongly associated to behavioral changes in both age groups of <6 and 6–18 (p < 0.001). Presence of caregivers' coping strategies was less associated to behavioral changes in the <6 sample (p = 0.001) but not in the 6–18 (p = 0.06). The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely impacted families in Italy with regard to behavioral changes, especially in high-risk categories with PsWs and caregivers, especially the ones with children aged <6 years. While coping strategies functioned as protective factors, a wide array of stress symptoms had implications for children's and adolescents' behaviors. It is recommended that public children welfare strategies be implemented, especially for higher-psychosocial-risk categories.

scholarly journals Quality of life and coping strategies of outpatients with a depressive disorder in maintenance therapy – a cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol Volume 14 ◽  
pp. 73-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaela Holubova ◽  
Jan Prasko ◽  
Marie Ociskova ◽  
Ales Grambal ◽  
Milos Slepecky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Maintenance Therapy ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Coping

Anxiety, Depression and Coping: CDI, MASC and CRI-Y for Screening Purposes in Schools

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 348-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarida Gaspar de Matos ◽  
Gina Tomé ◽  
Ana Inês Borges ◽  
Dina Manso ◽  
Celeste Simões ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Good Internal Consistency ◽  
And Gender ◽  
And Coping

This study used depression (CDI – Kovacs, 1981), anxiety (MASC – March, 1997) and coping strategy (CRI-Y – Moos, 1993) scales and studied the fitness and discriminant validity of reduced versions. The sample consisted of 916 Portuguese pupils, 54.3% feminine, aged 10 to 21 years old. The participants were selected from a set of public schools nation-wide. Two classes were chosen from the 5th to the 12th grades.A set of principal component analyses was carried out in a randomly chosen sample (n = 394) and all the three reduced measures were found to be strongly correlated with the previous. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) using the other part of the sample (n = 522) revealed adjustment indexes suggesting a good fit for both the whole model and gender and age groups separately. All scales revealed a good internal consistency. Globally, girls were more anxious and developed more coping strategies than boys. Older students tended to be less depressed, while younger adolescents present higher scores in depression and anxiety and less coping strategies. Reduced scales are sensitive to gender and age differences and can be used in school settings in order to establish a baseline and roadmaps for both universal and selective mental health school based programs.

scholarly journals Emotional responses toward COVID-19: A longitudinal assessment of age differences

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Malesza
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Dynamic Environment ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Longitudinal Assessment ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Brief Cope ◽  
And Coping

The current study investigates the relation between age and emotional responses and coping strategies at two moments during the spread of COVID-19 in Poland, namely the first peak (March-May 2020) and the second pick (October-December 2020). A sample of 414 individuals between the ages of 18 and 81 were asked to rate the intensity of the shock, sadness, anger, and fear they experienced due to COVID-19 and respond to items from the Brief Cope questionnaire. The present findings demonstrate that anger was consistently less intense among older adults than younger ones. Emotion-focused coping strategies were more commonly used by younger adults than middle-aged or older ones at the first peak of the outbreak; however, this trend had reversed during the second peak of the pandemic, as the older age groups demonstrated a far greater increase in the use of this form of coping. Results indicate a greater ability to use emotional regulation among older adults than younger ones, as the former are less likely to react to a crisis through anger and more able to adapt coping mechanisms to a dynamic environment.

Assessment of the cognitive attentional syndrome in children: an adaptation of the CAS-1

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Nicoline Normann ◽  
Marie Louise Reinholdt-Dunne ◽  
Martin Stolpe Andersen ◽  
Barbara Hoff Esbjørn
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Thinking Styles ◽  
Treatment Change ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Metacognitive Beliefs ◽  
Treatment Changes ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Abstract Background: Research suggests that the metacognitive model is applicable to clinical child populations. However, few measures related to the model are available for younger age groups. A key concept of the model is the cognitive attentional syndrome (CAS), which encompasses the individual’s worry and rumination, maladaptive coping strategies, and metacognitive beliefs. While the CAS has been successfully measured in adults, this has not yet been attempted in children. Aims: The aim of this study was to adapt a measure of the CAS for use with children and investigate the measure’s associations with anxiety, worry, depression and metacognitions. Methods: Our study included 127 children with anxiety disorders aged 7–13 years. The adult measure of CAS was adapted for use with children and administered at pre- and post-treatment. We examined the correlations between variables and the ability of the CAS measure to explain variance in anxious symptomatology, as well as the measure’s sensitivity to treatment change. Results: The adapted measure, CAS-1C, displayed strong associations with overall anxiety, depression, worry and metacognitions. The CAS-1C explained an additional small amount of variance in anxiety and worry symptoms after accounting for metacognitions, which may be due to the measure also assessing thinking styles and coping strategies. Furthermore, the measure displayed sensitivity to treatment change. Conclusions: The child measure of the CAS is a brief tool for collecting information on metacognitive beliefs and strategies that maintain psychopathology according to the metacognitive model, and it can be used to monitor treatment changes in these components.

The Self-Efficacy in Multiple Sclerosis (SEMS) Scale

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 352-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Bonino ◽  
Federica Graziano ◽  
Martina Borghi ◽  
Davide Marengo ◽  
Giorgia Molinengo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Rasch Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
And Coping

Abstract. This research developed a new scale to evaluate Self-Efficacy in Multiple Sclerosis (SEMS). The aim of this study was to investigate dimensionality, item functioning, measurement invariance, and concurrent validity of the SEMS scale. Data were collected from 203 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients (mean age, 39.5 years; 66% women; 95% having a relapsing remitting form of MS). Fifteen items of the SEMS scale were submitted to patients along with measures of psychological well-being, sense of coherence, depression, and coping strategies. Data underwent Rasch analysis and correlation analysis. Rasch analysis indicates the SEMS as a multidimensional construct characterized by two correlated dimensions: goal setting and symptom management, with satisfactory reliability coefficients. Overall, the 15 items reported acceptable fit statistics; the scale demonstrated measurement invariance (with respect to gender and disease duration) and good concurrent validity (positive correlations with psychological well-being, sense of coherence, and coping strategies and negative correlations with depression). Preliminary evidence suggests that SEMS is a psychometrically sound measure to evaluate perceived self-efficacy of MS patients with moderate disability, and it would be a valuable instrument for both research and clinical applications.

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